Quenya 

lasta-

listen

lasta- vb. "listen", also lasta adj. "listening, hearing" (LAS2, PE17:56); cf. adj. asalastë (*aþa-) adj. "easily heard" (PE17:148)

lasta-

verb. to listen, to listen; [ᴹQ.] to hear

Cognates

  • S. lasta- “to listen, give ear” ✧ PE17/046

Derivations

  • LAS “listen” ✧ PE17/046

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
LAS > lasta-[lasta-]✧ PE17/046
Quenya [NM/239; PE17/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

lasto

verb. listen!

Sindarin [LotR/II:IV, RS/463, LB/354] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lasto

imp

v. imp. of lasta-give ear, listen. fennas nogothrim lasto beth lammen 'doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the words of my tongue'. >> lasta-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lasto

interjection. listen, *hark

Sindarin [LotR/0307] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lasta-

verb. to listen

Sindarin Group: SINDICT. Published by

lasta-

verb. listen

_ v. _listen, give ear. Q. lasta-. >> lasto

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lasta-

verb. to listen, give ear

Cognates

  • Q. lasta- “to listen, to listen; [ᴹQ.] to hear” ✧ PE17/046

Derivations

  • LAS “listen” ✧ PE17/046

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
LAS > lasta-[lasta-]✧ PE17/046
LAS > lasto[lastā-] > [lastǭ-] > [lastau-] > [lasto-]✧ PE17/046
Sindarin [LB/354; LotR/0307; PE17/046; SA/quen] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lathra-

verb. to listen in, eavesdrop

Sindarin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lathrada-

verb. to listen in, eavesdrop

Sindarin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tíro

verb. imp

_ v. imp. _look. >> tíria, tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:95] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

avgaro

prefix. imp

pref. & v. imp. do not do it!

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:143] prob. < ABA + ?. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

eglerio

verb. imp

v. imp. glorify.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:102] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

cuio

verb. imp

v. imp. live. Cuio i Pheriain anann 'May the Halflings live long'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:102] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

edro

verb. imp

v. imp. of edra-open. annon edhellen edro hi ammen! 'Elvish gate open now for us'. >> edra-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:45] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pedo

verb. imp

v. imp. of ped- say. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> ped-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:40] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

minno

verb. imp

v. imp. of minna- enter. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. >> minna-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:41] < MI in. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lasta

listen

lasta- (i lasta, i lastar),

lasta

listen

(i lasta, i lastar)

lathra

listen in

(eavesdrop) (i lathra, i lathrar), also lathrada (i lathrada, i lathradar)

Primitive elvish

las

root. listen

This root did not appear as the basis of “listen” words until The Etymologies of the 1930s, where Tolkien gave ᴹ√LAS “listen” as opposed to ᴹ√LAS “leaf” (Ety/LAS¹, LAS²). One of its derivatives was N. lhewig “ear” (from fossilized dual lhaw). Tolkien apparently wanted to retain this form in his later writings after deciding that initial l was no longer unvoiced in Sindarin, so he coined a variant s-fortified root √SLAS “ear” from which it could still be derived (PE17/62, PE17/77). The unfortified root √LAS “listen” continued to appear, however (PE17/46; PE19/101), as indicated by imperative S. lasto “listen” (LotR/307). Tolkien did speculate that the roots √LAS¹ “leaf” and √LAS² “listen” might ultimately be related, probably because of the similarity of the shape of Elvish ears and the leaves of trees:

> lasse “leaf” (S las); pl. lassi (S lais). It is only applied to certain kinds of leaves, especially those of trees, and would not e.g. be used of leaf of a hyacinth (linque). It is thus possibly related to √LAS “listen”, and S-LAS stem of Elvish words for “ear”: Q hlas, dual hlaru. Sindarin dual lhaw, singular lheweg (PE17/62).

A similar notion appeared in The Etymologies: “Some think this [ᴹ√LAS¹ ‘leaf’] is related to the next [ᴹ√LAS² ‘listen’] and ✱lassē ‘ear’. The Quendian ears were more pointed and leaf-shaped than [?human]” (Ety/LAS¹).

Derivatives

  • Aq. lammo “listener (spy or scout)” ✧ PE19/101
    • Q. larmo “listener (spy or scout)” ✧ PE19/101
  • Q. lasta- “to listen, to listen; [ᴹQ.] to hear” ✧ PE17/046
  • ᴺS. last “(sense of) hearing”
  • S. lasta- “to listen, give ear” ✧ PE17/046
  • ᴺS. lathr(ad)a- “to listen in, eavesdrop”
  • ᴺS. lathron “hearer, listener, eavesdropper”

Element in

  • SLAS “ear” ✧ PE17/062

Variations

  • LAS ✧ PE17/046; PE17/062; PE17/159; PE19/101
Primitive elvish [PE17/046; PE17/062; PE17/159; PE19/101] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

lhathra-

verb. to listen in, eavesdrop

Noldorin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhathrada-

verb. to listen in, eavesdrop

Noldorin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Middle Primitive Elvish

las

root. listen

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶lastā- “heard”
    • ᴹQ. lasta- “to listen; to hear” ✧ PE22/103
  • ᴹ✶lassē “ear” ✧ Ety/LAS²
    • N. lhewig “ear” ✧ Ety/LAS²
  • ᴹQ. lár “ear” ✧ Ety/LAS²
  • ᴹQ. lasta “listening, hearing” ✧ Ety/LAS²
  • ᴹQ. lasta- “to listen; to hear” ✧ Ety/LAS²
  • N. lhathr(ad)a- “to listen in, eavesdrop” ✧ Ety/LAS²

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAS²] Group: Eldamo. Published by