Adjectival use seems to be attested in several
place names (Amon Dín "Silent Hill", etc.),
though an adjective dínen.1 is also attested
(Rath Dínen "Silent Street"). When compared with other toponyms where
lenition does occur (Taur-na-Chardhîn "Forest of the Southern Silence"
in WJ/185,193 and Dor Dhínen in WJ/333,338), the forms dîn and
dínen clearly seem to be unmutated. Absence of lenition in these
examples from LotR was therefore tentatively explained by resistance to
mutation (as in Nan Tathren, Ered Mithrin).
However, Tolkien apparently changed his mind in his unfinished
index of names from LotR, where he explains both words as mutated adjectives
whose unlenited forms are respectively tîn.2
and tínen . Such hesitations between mutated and
unmutated forms is not unusual, for instance a similar issue is met
with gaear and aear .
Of course, Taur-na-Chardhîn and Dor Dhínen would hardly be
explainable in that alternate scenario
Sindarin
dîn
noun. silence; silent, quiet
dîn
noun. silence
dîn
noun. silence
în
adjective. his (referring to the subject)
tîn
pronoun. his
Non-lenited form suggested by Carl Hostetter (VT31/21).
tîn
adjective. his
Amon Dîn
place name. Amon Dîn
topon. >> dîn
amon dîn
place name. Silent Hill
One of the beacon hills of Gondor (LotR/747), translated “Silent Hill” (UT/319). This name is a combination of amon “hill” and dîn “silence” (PE17/95, 98).
Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Ring drafts from the 1940s, this name first appeared as N. Amon Thorn (WR/232).
Amon Dîn
noun. silent hill
amon (“hill, steep-sided mount”), dîn (“silent”) Davis Salo: “dh and mh were liable to revert to d and m when they came to follow a nasal after syncope” TolkLang message 19.31. #The name also could be interpreted as “hill of silence”, as adjective “silent” is attested as dínen.
si loth a galadh lasto dîn
*here flower and tree listen [in] silence
The third phrase of Lúthien’s Song (LB/354). Three translations of this phrase are:
Patrick Wynne: “✱Here/now let flower and tree listen in silence/below” (NTTLS/11)
David Salo: “✱now flower and tree, listen silent” (GS/211)
Bertrand Bellet and Benjamin Babut: “✱then flower and tree, listen in silence” (GTLC)
The first word si resembles the Sindarin word sí “here”, though that word usually appears with a long vowel. All of Wynne, Salo, Bellet and Babut suggested instead that it might in this particular case be used temporally like its Quenya cognate Q. sí “now”. However, in notes published after all of their analyses, Tolkien stated that S. sí only meant “here”, and used hí for “now” (PE17/27). I think it is safer to assume that si means “here”.
The second word is loth “flower” joined by the conjunction a “and” to galadh “tree”. The fifth word lasto is the imperative form of the verb lasta- “to listen”. The last word is probably the noun dîn “silence”, though Wynne suggested it might be some form of di “beneath” (NTTLS/9).
ar iorhael, gelir, cordof, ar baravorn, ionnath dîn
and Frodo, Merry, Pippin and Hamfast his sons
@@@ should be revised to use v3 of the letter from AotM
ar meril bess dîn, ar elanor, meril, glorfinniel, ar eirien sellath dîn
and Rose his wife; and Elanor, Rose, Goldilocks and Daisy his daughters
@@@ should be revised to use v3 of the letter from AotM
dîn
mountain pass
dîn (i dhîn) (opening, gap), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
dîn
mountain pass
dîn (i dhîn) (opening, gap), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
dîn
gap
1) dîn (i dhîn) (opening, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”. 2) gass (i **ass, construct gas) (hole), pl. gais (i ngais** = i ñais)
dîn
opening
dîn (i dhîn) (gap, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
dîn
mountain pass
(i dhîn) (opening, gap), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
dîn
gap
(i dhîn) (opening, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
dîn
opening
(i dhîn) (gap, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.
ín
his
(pronoun referring to the subject, e.g. ✱i venn sunc i haw ín ”the man drank his [own] juice”, as opposed to ✱i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his [= another’s] juice”)
Amon Dîn
silent hill
glam
shouting
glam (i **lam) (din, uproar, confused yelling of beasts; tumult, confused noise; a body of Orcs), pl. glaim (in glaim), coll. pl. glammath**
-deid
suffix. his
-deith
suffix. his
-dyn
suffix. his
gass
gap
(i ’ass, construct gas) (hole), pl. gais (i ngais = i ñais)
tín
his
*tín (only attested in lenited form dín, following a noun with article). Possibly, the word also covers ”her(s)” and ”its” as a general 3rd person form. If ”his” refers to the same person as the subject, the form ín* is used instead (e.g. i venn sunc i haw ín** ”the man drank his (own) juice”, but *i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his (somebody elses) juice”.
tín
his
(only attested in lenited form dín, following a noun with article). Possibly, the word also covers ”her(s)” and ”its” as a general 3rd person form. If ”his” refers to the same person as the subject, the form ín is used instead (e.g. ✱i venn sunc i haw ín ”the man drank his (own) juice”, but ✱i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his (somebody else’s) juice”.
A word for “silence” appearing in names like Amon Dîn “Silent Hill, (lit.) ✱Hill of Silence” (LotR/747; PE17/95) and Taur-na-Chardhîn “Forest of Southern Silence” (WJ/185). As originally conceived, it was probably based on an (unattested) root ✱√DIN as indicated by ᴹQ. lína- “be silent” from the late 1940s (PE23/76 note #19).
Conceptual Development: Tolkien’s use of this noun and its associated adjective dínen “silent” was inconsistent. The adjective should have been mutated in names like Rath Dínen “Silent Street”, but it remained unchanged (LotR/826). This may reflect Tolkien’s original reluctance to use dh in names while writing The Lord of the Rings. To reconcile these inconsistencies, Tolkien said in his Unfinished Index to The Lord of the Rings that the proper form of these words was tîn and tínen and both of these were adjectives meaning “silent” or “quiet” (RC/551).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would stick to noun dîn “silence” and adjective dínen “silent” to avoid conflicts with √TIN “spark”.