Quenya 

anna

gift

anna noun "gift" (ANA1, SA), "a thing handed, brought or sent to a person" (PE17:125), also name of tengwa #23 (Appendix E); pl. annar "gifts" in Fíriel's Song. Masc. name Annatar "Lord of Gifts, *Gift-lord", name assumed by Sauron when he tried to seduce the Eldar in the Second Age (SA:tar). Eruanna noun "God-gift", gift of God, i.e. "grace" (VT43:38)

anna

noun. gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, *present

Cognates

  • S. ann “gift” ✧ PE22/163

Derivations

  • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus” ✧ PE17/091; PE17/146
  • Q. anta- “to give, present; †to add to” ✧ PE22/163
    • antā- “to give, cause a thing/person to go to an object, send, to give, cause a thing/person to go to an object, send, [ᴹ✶] present” ✧ PE17/091; PE22/163
    • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus” ✧ PE17/091; PE22/163
    • amtā- “to enlarge, increase” ✧ PE17/091
    • AMA “addition, increase, plus” ✧ PE17/091
    • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus” ✧ PE17/146
  • annā “gift” ✧ SA/anna
    • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus”

Element in

  • Q. Andor “Land of Gift” ✧ SA/anna
  • Q. Annatar “Lord of Gifts” ✧ SA/anna
  • Q. Eruanna “[God’s] Grace”
  • Q. vardarianna “fragrant evergreen tree”
  • Q. Yavanna “Giver of Fruits, (lit.) Fruit-gift” ✧ SA/anna

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ANA > anna[anna]✧ PE17/091
ANA/NĀ > anna[anna]✧ PE17/146
anna > anna[anna]✧ SA/anna

Variations

  • anwa ✧ PE22/163
Quenya [LotR/1123; PE17/091; PE17/125; PE17/147; PE22/163; SA/anna] Group: Eldamo. Published by

anwa

noun. gift

anta-

give

anta- (1) vb. "give" (ANA1, MC:215, 221), pa.t. antanë (antanen "I gave", VT49:14) or †ánë, perfect ánië (PE17:147, cf. QL:31). According to VT49:14, Tolkien noted that anta- was sometimes often with an "ironic tone" to refer to missiles, so that antanen hatal sena "I gave him a spear (as a present)" was often used with the real sense of "I cast a spear at him". Usually the recipient of the thing given is mentioned in the dative or allative case (like sena in this example), but there is also a construction similar to English "present someone with something" in which the recipient is the object and the gift appears in the instrumental case: antanenyes parmanen, "I presented him with a book" (PE17:91). The verb occurs several times in FS: antalto"they gave"; strangely, no past tense marker seems to be present (see -lto for the ending); antar a pl. verb translated "they gave", though in LotR-style Quenya it would rather be the present tense "give" (pl.); antaróta "he gave it" (anta-ró-ta "gave-he-it"), another verb occurring in Fíriel's Song, once again with no past tense marker. Also antáva "will give", future tense of anta- "give"; read perhaps *antuva in LotR-style Quenya; similarly antaváro* "he will give" (LR:63) might later have appeared as antuvas (with the ending -s rather than "Qenya" -ro for "he"). Antalë imperative "give thou" (VT43:17), sc. anta "give" + the element le "thou", but this was a form Tolkien abandoned. Apparently ana** was at one point considered as another imperative "give", but Tolkien rewrote the text in question (VT44:13), and the normal patterns would suggest *á anta with an independent imperative particle.

fenna

door

fenna noun "door" (PE17:45, 181)

fenna

noun. door

anna, anwa

noun. gift

Quenya [PE 22:163] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Tarannon

high-gift

Tarannon masc. name; ?"High-gift"? Or, if -annon is a Sindarin-influenced form of andon "great gate" rather than a masculinized form of anna "gift", "Lord of the Gate"??? (Appendix A)

fende

noun. door

Quenya [PE 22:166] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

fendë

noun. door

A word appearing as {phende >>} fende “door” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 (PE22/166 and note #112). The deleted variant probably indicates its primitive form.

Conceptual Development: The earliest “door” word was ᴱQ. posta in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root {ᴱ√PONO >>} ᴱ√BOÐO (QL/75). Another precursor was ᴹQ. fenda “threshold” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√PHEN (Ety/PHEN). In notes from December 1959 (D59) Tolkien gave Q. fenna as a derivative of √PHEN and cognate to S. fen, all meaning “door” (PE17/181).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I prefer 1969 fendë as the word for “door”, but I think [ᴹQ.] fenda “threshold” might remain viable as a separate derivative of the root.

Changes

  • phendefende ✧ PE22/166

Cognates

  • S. fen(n) “door, door; [N.] threshold” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181

Derivations

  • PHEN “door” ✧ PE17/181

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
PHEN > fenna[pʰenna] > [ɸenna] > [fenna]✧ PE17/181

Variations

  • fenna ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181
  • fende ✧ PE22/166
  • phende ✧ PE22/166 (phende)
Quenya [PE17/045; PE17/181; PE22/166] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

ann

noun. gift

n. gift.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:90] < _annā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ann

noun. gift

Cognates

  • Q. anna “gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, *present” ✧ PE22/163

Derivations

  • annā “gift” ✧ PE17/090
    • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus”
  • HAN “add to, increase, enhance, enrich, honour (especially by gift); give” ✧ PE22/163

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
annā > ann[annā] > [anna] > [ann]✧ PE17/090

Variations

  • ann ✧ PE17/090
  • anw ✧ PE22/163
Sindarin [PE17/090; PE22/163] Group: Eldamo. Published by

anno

verb. give!

Sindarin [VT/44:21,27] Group: SINDICT. Published by

annon

noun. great door or gate

Sindarin [Ety/348, S/428, LotR/II:IV, TAI/150] Group: SINDICT. Published by

anw

noun. gift

Sindarin [PE 22:163] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

anw

noun. gift

aned

give

Sindarin [PE 22:163] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

fen(n)

noun. door, door; [N.] threshold

A word for “door” in the name Fen Hollen “Closed Door” (LotR/826; RC/550). In notes from December 1959 (D59), Tolkien based it on the root √PHEN and gave its Quenya equivalent as fenna, indicating a primitive form of ✱phennā (PE17/181). If so, its ordinary form should be fenn, and this was indeed the form in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (WR/341). Perhaps fen is a reduced pseudo-prefixal form.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien had N. fenn “threshold” derived from ON. phenda under the root ᴹ√PHEN (Ety/PHEN).

Neo-Sindarin: I don’t think the senses “door” and “threshold” are likely to coexist, so for purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would limit fenn to “door” and would use ᴺS. fend < ✱phenda for “threshold”, following the principle that nd remained “at the end of fully accented monosyllables” in Sindarin (LotR/1115).

Cognates

  • Q. fendë “door” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181

Derivations

  • PHEN “door” ✧ PE17/181

Element in

  • S. Fen Hollen “Closed Door, Shut Door” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/098; RC/550
  • S. fennas “great door, doorway, gateway” ✧ PE17/045

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
PHEN > fen[pʰenna] > [ɸenna] > [fenna] > [fenn]✧ PE17/181

Variations

  • fen ✧ PE17/045; PE17/098; PE17/181
  • Fen ✧ RC/550
Sindarin [PE17/045; PE17/098; PE17/181; RC/550] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fen

noun. door, threshold

Sindarin [Ety/381, LotR/V:IV, WR/341, RC/550, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fen

door

_ n. _door. Q. fenna. >> fennas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:45:98:181] < PHEN door. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

anna

give

anna- (i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)

anna

give

(i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)

ant

gift

ant, pl. aint, coll. pl. annath. Also ann (-an at the end of compounds), pl. ain.

ant

gift

pl. aint, coll. pl. annath. Also ann (-an at the end of compounds), pl. ain.

fend

door

(threshold), construct fen, pl. find, coll. pl. fennath, 2) fennas (gateway), pl. fennais, coll. pl. fennassath, 3) annon (great gate), pl. ennyn

Adûnaic

Reconstructed

noun. gift

An element in the name Yôzâyan “Land of Gift” (UT/184, SD/241). The final element of this name is zâyan “land”, so its initial element most likely means “gift”, as suggested by several authors (AAD/24, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/YAW), though Andreas Moehn points out this word could have the form yôz instead (EotAL/YAW).

Element in

Primitive elvish

annā

noun. gift

Derivations

  • NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus”

Derivatives

  • Q. anna “gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, *present” ✧ SA/anna
  • S. ann “gift” ✧ PE17/090

Element in

Variations

  • anna ✧ SA/anna
Primitive elvish [PE17/090; SA/anna] Group: Eldamo. Published by

phen

root. door

The root ᴹ√PHEN first appeared (unglossed) in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. fenda “threshold” and N. fenn “threshold, door” (Ety/PHEN). The root √PHEN “door” reappeared in etymological notes from 1959 as the basis for Q. fendë/S. fen “door” (PE17/181). The most notable name associated with this root was S. Fen Hollen “Closed Door” from The Lord of the Rings (LotR/826; RC/550) along with its precursors in LotR drafts: N. Fenn Forn(en) and N. Fenn Uiforn (WR/338, 341).

Derivatives

  • Q. fendë “door” ✧ PE17/181
  • ᴺS. fend “threshold”
  • S. fen(n) “door, door; [N.] threshold” ✧ PE17/181
Primitive elvish [PE17/158; PE17/181] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

anna-

verb. to give

Noldorin [Ety/348] Group: SINDICT. Published by

annon

noun. great door or gate

Noldorin [Ety/348, S/428, LotR/II:IV, TAI/150] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ant

noun. gift

Noldorin [Ety/348] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ant

noun. gift

Changes

  • annant ✧ Ety/ANA¹

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. anna “gift” ✧ Ety/ANA¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NĀ/ANA “to, towards” ✧ Ety/ANA¹

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ANA¹ > ant[anta] > [antʰa] > [anθa] > [anθ] > [ant]✧ Ety/ANA¹

Variations

  • ann ✧ EtyAC/ANA¹ (ann)
Noldorin [Ety/ANA¹; EtyAC/ANA¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fenn

noun. door, threshold

Noldorin [Ety/381, LotR/V:IV, WR/341, RC/550, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fend

noun. door, threshold

Noldorin [Ety/381, LotR/V:IV, WR/341, RC/550, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

anna

noun. gift

Cognates

  • N. ant “gift” ✧ Ety/ANA¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NĀ/ANA “to, towards” ✧ Ety/ANA¹

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ANA¹ > anna[anna]✧ Ety/ANA¹
Qenya [Ety/ANA¹; LR/072; PE22/023; PE22/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

yan

root. give

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “give” with derivatives ON. yanta- “give” and ᴹQ. Ariante “Day-bringer” (EtyAC/YAN²). Tolkien marked this entry with a “?”, and elsewhere in The Etymologies he derived ᴹQ. anta-/N. anna- “give” from ᴹ√ANA (Ety/ANA¹), so I suspect this root was a transient idea.

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. anta- “to give” ✧ EtyAC/YAN²
  • On. yanta- “to give” ✧ EtyAC/YAN²

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Aryante “Day-bringer” ✧ EtyAC/YAN²
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/YAN²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

anna

noun. door, opening

Changes

  • andaanna ✧ GL/19

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶anda ✧ PE13/110

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶anda > [a]nn[anda] > [and] > [ann]✧ PE13/110

Variations

  • anda ✧ GL/19 (anda)
  • [a]nn ✧ PE13/110
Gnomish [GL/19; PE13/110] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ann

noun. door

ôn

noun. gift

Cognates

  • Eq. an “gift” ✧ GL/62

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ANA “give, send towards”

Variations

  • ōn ✧ GL/19
  • ôn ✧ GL/62
Gnomish [GL/19; GL/62] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

ann

noun. door

Cognates

  • Eq. andon “door, gate” ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160

Derivations

Element in

  • En. ennion “porter, doorkeeper” ✧ PE13/143
  • En. Ennyn Awest “Gates of Summer” ✧ PE13/143; PE13/160
  • En. orann “doorless” ✧ PE13/156
Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/143; PE13/156; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

an

noun. gift

Cognates

  • G. ôn “gift” ✧ GL/62

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ANA “give, send towards” ✧ QL/031

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ANA > an[and] > [an]✧ QL/031

Variations

  • āno ✧ GL/62
Early Quenya [GL/62; QL/031] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tarnon

noun. door

Cognates

  • G. tarn “gate” ✧ LT1A/Moritarnon

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TARA “*across”

Element in

  • Eq. Moritarnon “Door of Night” ✧ LT1A/Moritarnon
Early Quenya [LT1A/Moritarnon] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ando

noun. door

áno

noun. gift

posta

noun. door

Derivations

  • ᴱ√BOÐO “*gate, door” ✧ QL/075

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√BOÐO > posta[boðtā] > [boðta] > [bozta] > [bosta] > [posta]✧ QL/075
Early Quenya [QL/075] Group: Eldamo. Published by