yo

conjunction. and

yonda

adjective. manly, masculine

yondo

noun. son

yanta

noun. yoke

The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. yanta “yoke” derived from primitive ᴹ✶yantā under the root ᴹ√YAT “join” (Ety/YAT). However, in Tolkien’s later writings, Q. yanta was translated as “bridge” instead (LotR/1123).

Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had ᴱQ. {yatra >>} yarta “yoke” under the early root ᴱ√ẎATA “join” (QL/105), as well as ᴱQ. yalta “yoke” derived from ᴱ✶yḹta under the early root ᴱ√YḶTḶ (QL/106). In the Gnomish Lexicon also from the 1910s, Tolkien had ᴱQ. yalte as cognate to G. galt “yoke” (GL/37).

Neo-Quenya: Of the options above, I think ᴺQ. yalta is the best choice for a Neo-Quenya word for “yoke”, as a cognate to ᴺS. ialt. For example, Helge Fauskanger used both yanta and yalta for “yoke” in his NQNT (NQNT).

vinya

place name. Young, New Land

A name for Númenor in the initial versions of the tales of its fall (LR/19, 64; SD/332). It is simply vinya “young, new” used as a name.

nessa

adjective. young

nessima

adjective. youthful

nése

noun. youth

ke

pronoun. you (familiar)

le

pronoun. you

nesse

noun. youth

vinya

adjective. young, new

vírie

noun. youth

yana

pronoun. yonder; that (the former)

ekke

pronoun. you (emphatic familiar)

ekket

pronoun. you (emphatic familiar dual)

elle

pronoun. you (emphatic polite)

ellet

pronoun. you (emphatic polite dual)

ikkin

pronoun. you (emphatic plural familiar)

illin

pronoun. you (emphatic polite plural)

kenyen antanet

you gave it to me

keny’antanet

you gave it to me

leláne tule

you did not come

le·merne i ni·karnéte

you wished that I had made (lit. made) it

en

there, yonder, far away; look yon(der); that; in that (future) case

@@@ es might be an assimilated form as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (QQ/es)

nessa

feminine name. *Young

tye

pronoun. thee, you (familiar)

vén

noun. greenness, freshness; youth

-lla

suffix. *your (polite)

-lya

suffix. *your (polite)

-tya

suffix. *your (familiar)

etya

pronoun. *your (emphatic possessive familiar)

kenakithe

*you bite him (other)

wén

noun. greenness, freshness; youth

yul-

verb. to smoulder

In The Etymologies of the 1930s, the verb ᴹQ. yul- “smoulder” was mentioned in passing in a deleted entry for the root ᴹ√GUL (Ety/GUL). Since the root ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” remained undeleted in The Etymologies, perhaps this verb also remained valid in the 1930s (Ety/YUL). However, the later meaning of the verb Q. yul- was “drink” from the root √YUL of the same meaning (PE17/63).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would adapt the root ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” as the Neo-Root ᴺ√YOL, and hence would adapt this 1930s verb as ᴺQ. yol- “smoulder” to sidestep the conflict with Q. yul- “drink”; see the entry on ᴺ√YOL/YUL for further discussion.

yár

noun. blood

A noun for “blood” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√YAR of the same meaning (Ety/YAR). Tolkien considered changing the root to ᴹ√YOR and the Quena form to yōr (EtyAC/YAR).

Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. hari “blood” from the Early Quenya Grammar (EQG) of the 1920s might be a precursor. It in turn was probably related to earlier ᴱQ. hara(nda) “flesh-meat” from Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/39).

Neo-Quenya: Since Tolkien changed its cognate from [N.] iâr to [S.] agar, this Quenya word is probably no longer valid, and for purposes of Neo-Quenya I recommend using the later word Q. sercë “blood” instead.

-ion

suffix. -son

andóre

place name. Land of Gift

atar

noun. father

fara-

verb. to hunt

kesta-

verb. to ask

tul-

verb. to come

ve

preposition. with

sinya

adjective. new, new, *current

landa

adjective. wide, wide, [ᴱQ.] broad

ména

noun. region

taura

adjective. mighty

vinya

adjective. pale blue

alatwe

pronoun. neither

A correlative combination in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/111), a combination of ᴹQ. alla “none” and ᴹQ. atwe “one of two”.

anna

noun. gift

aran

noun. child

This word first appeared as ᴱQ. ar (arn-) “child” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/32) and its stem form arn- appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/32). The word reappeared in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/135), but in the Early Noldorin Dictionary the Qenya form was given as arne. In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, the word appeared as ᴹQ. aran (arn-) “child” (PE21/19), but there is no sign of it from this point forward, probably displaced by Q. aran “king”.

hir-

verb. to find

ilin

adjective. pale blue

kim-

verb. to find, to find; [ᴱQ.] to heed

In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien gave ᴱQ. kim- “heed” as related to G. gima- “hear” (GL/38), probably based on an (unattested) early root ✱ᴱ√GIMI since initial g became k in Early Qenya. In the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 Tolkien instead had ᴹQ. kim- “find” as a replacement for ᴹQ. tuv- (PE22/108 note #50, PE22/125), but this seems to have been transient since tuv- was restored in The Lord of the Rings.

Neo-Quenya: I would keep ᴺQ. cim- as “to heed” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, since this is the closest to a verb for “obey” that we have in Quenya.

ko

adverb. reflexive

laiqa

adjective. green

mat-

verb. to eat

nisse

noun. woman

omentie

noun. meeting

seldo

noun. child, child [m.], *boy

A word for a (male) child in The Etymologies of the 1930s added to its entry when the meaning of the root ᴹ√SEL-D was changed from “daughter” to “child” (Ety/SEL-D). It was written above its feminine equivalent ᴹQ. selde and an apparently neuter form ᴹQ. selda was written to the right, making seldo likely the masculine form as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne (EtyAC/SEL-D), hence = “✱boy”.

sin

adverb. now

tas

adverb. there

tasse

adverb. there

tet(ta)

noun. baby

A word in the Declension of Nouns of the early 1930s glossed “baby” with short and long variants tet and tetta (PE21/19).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. tyetl “a tiny baby” under the early root ᴱ√TYETE “give suck” (QL/50), a word that also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa with the gloss “babe” (PME/50). This became ᴱQ. tetta “baby” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/135), and finally tet/tetta in the Declension of Nouns of the early 1930s as noted above. There are no signs of this word thereafter.

tuv-

verb. to find

vinde

adjective. pale blue

yanta

noun. bridge

ye

conjunction. and

yu

conjunction. and

yór

noun. blood