súru

wind

súru noun "wind" (MC:213, 216, 220; this is "Qenya"; Tolkien's later Quenya has súrë)

súrë

wind

súrë noun "wind", stem súri- because of primitive form sūrǐ- (PE17:62),hence the instrumental form súrinen "in the wind" or more literally "by the wind" (Nam, RGEO:66,Markirya, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 197); Súrion masc.name, "Wind-son" (Appendix A). Early "Qenya" has súru (MC:213, 216, 220). See also súriquessë.

vailë

wind

vailë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vailë

noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gale

An obscure word for “wind” in notes from December 1959 (D59) derived from the root √WAYA and appearing in various forms: vëa, vaiwe, and vaile, the last of these with an adjectival form vailima “windy” (P17/189). A similar set of Quenya derivatives of √WAY appeared in notes from 1957, but there most of the forms were rejected: {vaiwe, view-, vaive, víw}, along with unrejected váva (PE17/33-34). Tolkien considered all these as possible cognates of S. gwae “wind”.

Conceptual Development: Precursors include ᴱQ. ’wā “wind” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWĀ (QL/102), ᴱQ. vá or vanwe “wind” from Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1930s (PE16/142) and ᴹQ. vaiwa “wind” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ). Thus the Quenya forms were much less stable than their Sindarin equivalent and its precursor, which were simply G. gwâ “wind” (GL/43; PE13/146) >> N./S. gwae(w) “wind” (Ety/WĀ; NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189).

Neo-Quenya: Of the various forms, I prefer Q. vailë since (a) it is later, (b) has an adjectival form and (c) has a possible direct cognate S. gwael “✱wind”, also from around the same time. Q. súrë is the usual word for “wind” and is thus preferable for most uses, but I think vailë might be used for a strong wind or gale, since elsewere in Quenya derivatives of √WĀ seem to be tied to stronger winds: hwarwa “violent wind”, vangwë “storm” (NM/237).

Changes

• waiwe → vaiwe ✧ PE17/189

Cognates

• S. gwae “wind” ✧ PE17/189

Derivations

• √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/189
• ✶waiwa(y) “*wind” ✧ PE17/189
  • √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/189
• ✶waile “*wind” ✧ PE17/189
  • √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/189

Element in

• Q. vailima “windy” ✧ PE17/189

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√WAYA > vëa	[waja] > [wea] > [βea] > [vea]	✧ PE17/189
✶waiwa(y) > vaiwe	[waiwai] > [βaiwai] > [vaiwai] > [vaiwe]	✧ PE17/189
✶waile > vaile	[waile] > [βaile] > [vaile]	✧ PE17/189

Variations

• vëa ✧ PE17/189
• vaiwe ✧ PE17/189
• vaile ✧ PE17/189
• waiwe ✧ PE17/189 (waiwe)

vaiwa

wind

vaiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

vaiwë

wind

vaiwë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vaiwë

noun. wind

vëa

wind

vëa (4) noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vëa

noun. wind

wailë

wind

wailë noun "wind", later form vailë, q.v. (PE17:189)

waiwa

wind

waiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

wá

wind

wá (actually spelt wâ) noun "wind" (LT1:266). Cf. wáya-.

lindë

air, tune, singing, song

lindë noun "air, tune, singing, song" (SA:gond, (LIN2, [GLIN]); lindelorendor "music-dream-land"; see laurelindórenan lindelorendor... _(LotR2:III ch. 4, cf. Letters:308). _Also compare lindi- in lindimaitar, q.v. (but the other compounds here cited do not give a lindë a stem-form lindi-).

wai

wind, weave

wai (what the primitive element ¤wei "wind, weave" became in Quenya; therefore confused with the stem WAY "enfold") (WEY)

wilma

air, lower air

wilma noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL)

vilya

air, sky

vilya noun "air, sky", also name of tengwa #24. Older wilya. (Appendix E). Early "Qenya" has Vilya (changed from Vilna) "lower air" (LT1:273); also vilya "air" (MC:215)

vilwa

air, lower air

[vilwa < wilwa] noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL; in one place vilwa was not struck out, VT46:21) According to VT46:21, Tolkien considered vilda < wilda as a replacement form, but rejected it.

gwae

wind

_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). Q. vea. >> gwaew

gwae

noun. wind

The normal Sindarin word for “wind”, usually appearing as gwae but sometimes as gwaew, most frequently derived from √WAY “blow” but also a bewildering variety of other roots (NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189); see the entry for √WĀ for further discussion.

Conceptual Development: The earliest form of this word was G. gwâ “wind” from both Gnomish Grammar and Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GG/14; GL/43). The form ᴱN. gwá “wind” reappeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s (MC/217), but in the Nebrachar poem from circa 1930 the form was gwaew “wind” (MC/217). It was N. gwaew “wind” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ), and appeared a number of times in later writings as both gwae and (more rarely) gwaew, as noted above.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I prefer using only gwae for “wind”, reserving gwaew for “storm”.

Cognates

• Q. vailë “wind, [strong] wind, *gale” ✧ PE17/189
• Q. váva “*wind” ✧ PE17/033

Derivations

• ✶wāya “blow” ✧ NM/237; PE17/034
  • √WĀ “blow; noise of wind, echoic representation of sound of wind” ✧ NM/237
  • √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/034
• √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/034; PE17/189
• ✶waiwa(y) “*wind” ✧ PE17/033
  • √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/189

Element in

• ᴺS. gwaeren “windy”
• S. gwaeren “windy”
• S. Gwaeron “March, *Windy-one”
• S. Gwaihir “Windlord” ✧ PE17/034

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶wā-yo > gwoe > gwae	[wājo] > [wǭjo] > [wǭio] > [woio] > [gwoio] > [gwoi] > [gwoe] > [gwae]	✧ NM/237
√WAYA > gwae	[wajā] > [waja] > [waia] > [gwaia] > [gwai] > [gwae]	✧ PE17/033
✶waiwe > gwae(w)	[waiwe] > [gwaiwe] > [gwaiw] > [gwaew]	✧ PE17/033
√WIW > gwae(w)	[waiwe] > [gwaiwe] > [gwaiw] > [gwaew]	✧ PE17/034
✶wāyā > gwoe > gwae	[wājā] > [wāja] > [wǭja] > [wǭia] > [woia] > [gwoia] > [gwoi] > [gwoe] > [gwae]	✧ PE17/034
√WAYA > Gwae	[wajā] > [waja] > [waia] > [gwaia] > [gwai] > [gwae]	✧ PE17/189

Variations

• gwaew ✧ PE17/033 (gwaew)
• gwae(w) ✧ PE17/033 (gwae(w)); PE17/034
• Gwae ✧ PE17/189

gwaew

wind

_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). >> gwae

sûl

noun. wind

sûl

noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gust

A noun for “wind” appearing in names like Amon Sûl, derived from the root √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” (NM/237; PE17/124).

Conceptual Development: A precursor to this word is G. saul “great wind” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/67), derived from the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Súlimo; QL/86).

Neo-Sindarin: Given its connection to the sound of wind, I think sûl would be used mostly for strong or noisy wind, including (but not limited to) gusts of wind, as opposed to more ordinary (and less noisy) gwae “wind”. This notion is supported by its Gnomish precursor G. saul “great wind”.

Cognates

• Q. súrë “wind, breeze” ✧ PE17/124

Derivations

• ✶sūli “wind”
• √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” ✧ NM/237; PE17/124

Element in

• S. Amon Sûl “Weathertop, (lit.) Hill of the Wind” ✧ SA/sûl

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√sū > sûl	[sūl] > [sūle] > [sūl]	✧ NM/237
√SŪ > sūl	[sūli] > [sūle] > [sūl]	✧ PE17/124

Variations

• sūl ✧ PE17/015; PE17/124

lind

noun. air, tune

gwelu

noun. air (as substance)

gwaew

wind

1) gwaew (i **waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew), 2) sûl (i hûl), pl. suil (i suil**). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.

gwaew

wind

(i ’waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew)

sûl

wind

(i hûl), pl. suil (i suil). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.

gwaeren

windy

(lenited ’waeren; pl. gwaerin)

lind

air

3) (of music) lind (song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

lind

air

(song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

gwelwen

air

1) (as a region) gwelwen (i **welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i **wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

gwelwen

air

(i ’welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i ’wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

gwelu

air

2) (as substance) gwelu (i **welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw** (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely *gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

gwelu

air

(i ’welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely ✱gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

bawab

noun. wind

The noun for “wind”, attested only in the plural (bawîb) and subjective plural (bawîba) forms (SD/247, SD/312). Its plural form indicates that it is a strong-noun (Strong I), so its final vowel must be short, but in theory it could be any of a, i or u, each of which would be replaced by long î in plural nouns. Nouns with identical vowels are more common, however, so ✱bawab is the most likely singular form, though as Helge Fauskanger points out (AL/Adûnaic) the normal form could also be the weak noun ✱bawâb with a poetic strong plural (SD/435).

Element in

• Ad. bawîba dulgî “winds (were) black” ✧ SD/247; SD/312

sū

noun. wind

Derivations

• √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)”

Derivatives

• Q. sú “sound of wind, sound of wind, [ᴱQ.] noise of wind” ✧ VT47/12; VT47/35

Element in

• ✶sūli “wind” ✧ VT47/35
• ✶sūri “wind” ✧ VT47/35

sūli

noun. wind

Derivatives

• S. sûl “wind, [strong] wind, *gust”

Elements

Word	Gloss
SŪ	“blow, move with audible sound (of air)”

sūri

noun. wind

Derivations

• √SUR “noise of wind, noise of wind; [ᴱ√] to blow” ✧ NM/237

Derivatives

• Q. súrë “wind, breeze” ✧ NM/237

Variations

• sūr(i) ✧ VT47/35

gwaew

noun. wind

gwaew

noun. wind

Cognates

• ᴹQ. vaiwa “wind” ✧ Ety/WĀ

Derivations

• ᴹ√WAIWA “blow” ✧ Ety/WĀ
  • ᴹ√WĀ “blow” ✧ Ety/WĀ

Element in

• N. Gwaeron “March, *Windy-one”
• N. Gwaihir “Windlord”
• N. Gwaewar “Windlord”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√WAIWA > gwaew	[waiwa] > [gwaiwa] > [gwaiw] > [gwaew]	✧ Ety/WĀ

lhind

noun. air, tune

lhinn

noun. air, tune

gwelwen

noun. air, lower air (distinct from the upper air of the stars, or the outer)

gwilith

noun. air (as a region)

gwelw

noun. air (as substance)