var- (2), see va
Quenya
var
or
var
adverb. *from, away to
var-
verb. var-
varsi
feminine name. Varsi
Vardilmë
varda-friend; one devoted to varda
Vardilmë, fem. name (UT:210), perhaps *"Varda-friend; one devoted to Varda" (if so this would be a contraction of *Vardandilmë, with -(n)dilmë as the feminine form of -ndil "friend")
varda aratarya
Varda the lofty, Varda in her sublimity
vardamir
masculine name. *Varda-jewel
vardilmë
feminine name. ?Friend of Varda
Second child of Tar-Vardamir, known only from a genealogy chart on UT/210. The first element of her name is likely Varda, which also appears in the name of her father. Helge Fauskanger suggested (QQ/Vardilmë) the final element might be a contraction of -ndilmë, a feminine form of -(n)dil, so perhaps: “✱Friend of Varda”. This name sometimes appeared as Vardilyë (UT/9).
va
from
va prep. "from" (VT43:20; prefixed in the form var- in var-úra "from evil", VT43:24). In VT49:24, va, au and o are quoted as variants of the stem awa "away from".
varda
feminine name. Exalted, Lofty, Sublime
Valië of the stars, spouse of Manwë (S/26). Her name is variously translated “Exalted” (RGEO/61), “Lofty” (Let/282) or “Sublime” (WJ/402). It is derived from the primitive name ✶Baradā from the root √BARAD “lofty, high” (PE17/22).
Conceptual Development: The name ᴱQ. Varda dates back to the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/58), though at this early stage it was a derivative of the root ᴱ√VṚÐṚ along with ᴱQ. varni “queen” and the verb ᴱQ. vard- “rule, govern” (QL/102, LT1A/Varda). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, Tolkien changed the derivation of ᴹQ. Varda to the one given above (Ety/BARAD), and this etymology reappeared in writings from the 1950s (PE17/22).
vardarianna
noun. fragrant evergreen tree
Varda
the sublime
Varda fem. name "the Sublime", name of a Valië, spouse of Manwë, the Queen of the Valar, called Elbereth in Sindarin (BARATH, BARÁD, WJ:402; in Letters:282 Varda is translated the "Lofty"). As a general adjective "sublime", †varda could still occur as a poetic word in verse (PE17:23), but normal prose would apparently rather use the related word varanda (q.v.) Genitive Vardo (for Vardao). (Nam, RGEO:66). Vardamir masc. name, "Varda-jewel" (Appendix A, UT:210); vardarianna ?"Varda-gift", name of a tree (but the ri element is obscure) (UT:167)
Vardo Meoita
prince of cats
Vardo Meoita noun "Prince of Cats" (LT2:348; vardo "prince" is hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya; cf. vard-, vardar. Later Quenya has cundu for "prince".)
varanda
sublime
varanda adj. "sublime" (PE17:23), related to the name Varda.
vard-
rule, govern
vard- vb. "rule, govern" (LT1:273; hardly valid in Tolkien's later Quenya)
vardar
king
vardar noun "king" (LT1:273; rather aran in LotR-style Quenya)
varilë
protection
[varilë] noun "protection" (VT45:7)
varna
safe, protected, secure
varna adj. "safe, protected, secure" (BAR)
varnassë
security
varnassë noun "security" (BAR)
varni
queen
varni noun "queen" (LT1:273; rather tári in Tolkien's later Quenya)
varnë
brown, swart, dark brown
varnë (1) adj. "brown, swart, dark brown", stem-form varni- (BARÁN)
varnë
protection
[varnë] (2) noun "protection" (BAR)
varya-
to protect
varya- vb. "to protect" (BAR)
varanda
adjective. sublime
vare
verb. err, stray
an sí tintallë varda oiolossëo ve fanyar máryat elentári ortanë
for now the Kindler, Varda, the Queen of the Stars from Mount Everwhite has uplifted her hands like clouds
Ninth and tenth lines @@@
Varda
Varda
Varda is a Quenya name, meaning "sublime" or "lofty", from Primitive Quendian baradâ, merged with barathî.[source?] In Telerin she was called Baradis, and in Sindarin Elbereth. All these come from the Root BARÁD/BARATH. In Adûnaic, her name was adapted rather than translated; it became Avradî. Some older forms were Baráda, Bridhil, Timbridhil and Tinwetári. Elbereth derives from elen-bereth meaning "star-queen". It represents evolution of Primitive Quendian *elen-barathî (the final -i umlauted the word to berethi) > elemberethi > elbereth.
Vardilmë
Vardilmë
vardamir
Vardamir
Vardamir means "Jewel of Varda" in Quenya (from mírë "jewel"). His surname, Nólimon, means "Man of Knowledge" (from nólë "lore, knowledge" and -mon, a masculine suffix). Like all the rulers of Númenor who took royal titles in Quenya, Vardamir added the prefix tar- ("high") to his name when he received the Sceptre.
varnë Reconstructed
adjective. russet, brown, brown, russet; [ᴹQ.] swart, dark brown
varta-
verb. to betray
vartando
noun. betrayer
vartië
noun. betrayal
varyalë
noun. defense
varyando
noun. protector
var-
verb. to yield, give way, surrender
@@@ from Discord 2022-03-05
varassë
noun. cliff
varma
noun. armour, armor
varno
noun. protector, guard
varto
noun. betrayer
Arfanyaras
variant or close equivalent
Arfanyaras, Arfanyarassë place-name, a "variant or close equivalent" of Taniquetil (WJ:403)
virítë
adjective. various, variable
alavéla
adjective. different, various [pl.]
-dil
-wine
-dil, -ndil, ending that Tolkien likened to Old English "-wine", sc. "-friend" as part of names, e.g. Elendil, Eärendil (NIL/NDIL); see the entry -ndil. Also long -dildo (VT46:4), and possibly -(n)dilmë as the corresponding feminine form (see Vardilmë).
-ndil
friend
-ndil (also -dil) ending occurring in many names, like Amandil, Eärendil; it implies devotion or disinterested love and may be translated "friend" (SA:(noun)dil); this ending is "describing the attitude of one to a person, thing, course or occupation to which one is devoted for its own sake" (Letters:386). Compare -ndur. It is unclear whether the names derived with the ending -ndil are necessarily masculine, though we have no certain example of a woman's name in -ndil; the name Vardilmë (q.v.) may suggest that the corresponding feminine ending is -(n)dilmë.
-nil
-wine
-nil, final element in compounds, similar in meaning to Old English "-wine", sc. "-friend" as an element in names (NIL/NDIL). Also long -nildo (VT46:4). Variant of -ndil. In Eärnil, contraction of Earendil.
-o
of goodness
-o (1) genitive ending, as in Altariello, Oromëo, Elenna-nórëo, Rithil-Anamo, Rúmilo, Lestanórëo, neldëo, omentielvo, sindiëo, Valinórëo, veryanwesto, q.v. In words ending in -a, the genitive ending replaces this final vowel, hence atto, Ráno, Vardo, vorondo as the genitive forms of atta, Rána, Varda, voronda (q.v.) Following a noun in -ië, the ending can have the longer form -no, e.g. *máriéno "of goodness" (PE17:59, but contrast sindiëo "of greyness" in PE17:72). Where the word ends in -o already, the genitive is not distinct in form, e.g. ciryamo (q.v.) = "mariner" or "mariners". Pl. -ion and -ron, q.v.; dual -to (but possibly -uo in the case of nouns that have nominative dual forms in -u rather than -t). The Quenya genitive describes source, origin or former ownership rather than current ownership (which is rather covered by the possessive-adjectival case in -va). The ending -o may also take on an ablativic sense, "from", as in Oiolossëo "from (Mount) Oiolossë" (Nam), sio "hence" (VT49:18). In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the genitive ending was -n rather than -o, cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren "Annals of Valinor" becoming Yénië Valinórëo (MR:200).
Nólion
son of knowledge
Nólion (ñ?), second name of Vardamir Nólion (UT:210). Perhaps "son of knowledge", nólë (q.v.) + -ion "son", which ending displaces a final -ë (compare Aranwion "son of Aranwë", UT:50 cf. 32)
arata
high, lofty, noble
arata adj. "high, lofty, noble" (PE17:49, 186). Also used as a a noun with nominal pl. form Aratar "the Supreme", the chief Valar, translation of the foreign word Máhani adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:402). Aratarya "her sublimity"; Varda Aratarya "Varda the lofty, Varda in her sublimity" (WJ:369). In one source, Aratar is translated as a singular: "High One" (PE17:186)
hloa
hloä
hloa ("hloä"), noun that "would have been" the product of primitive ¤sloga (Sindarin lhô), a word used of rivers that were "variable and liable to overflow their banks at seasons". However, the wording "would have been" may seem to suggest that this word did not actually occur in Quenya. (VT42:9)
mëoi
cat
mëoi noun "cat", a somewhat strange word by the standards of Tolkien's later Quenya (there are no other instances of final -oi in the singular). Some would read *mëo, if the word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya. Vardo Mëoita "Prince of Cats"; mëoita here seems to be a kind of adjective rather than a genitive (LT2:348). Tolkiens later, less problematic word yaulë may be preferred by writers (PE16:132)
taran
king
taran (1) noun "king", possibly ephemeral variant of aran, q.v. (PE17:186)
tári
queen
tári noun "queen", used especially of Varda (TĀ/TA3, LT1:264), etymologically "she that is high" (SA:tar). Dative tárin in the Elaine inscription (VT49:40), genitive tário in Namárië. Elentári "Starqueen", a title of Varda. (Nam, RGEO:67). Tarinya "my queen" (UT:179; sic, not *tárinya). Táris or tárissë "queenship" (PE17:155)
arata
high, lofty, noble
arata adj. "high, lofty, noble" (PE17:49, 186). Also used as a a noun with nominal pl. form Aratar "the Supreme", the chief Valar, translation of the foreign word Máhani adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:402). Aratarya "her sublimity"; Varda Aratarya "Varda the lofty, Varda in her sublimity" (WJ:369). In one source, Aratar is translated as a singular: "High One" (PE17:186)
exa
adjective. other
hya
conjunction. or
hyana
adjective. other
-ndur
friend
-ndur (also -dur), ending in some names, like Eärendur; as noted by Christopher Tolkien in the Silmarillion Appendix it has much the same meaning as -ndil "friend"; yet -ndur properly means "servant of" (SA:(noun)dil), "as one serves a legitimate master: cf. Q. arandil king's friend, royalist, beside arandur 'king's servant, minister'. But these often coincide: e.g. Sam's relation to Frodo can be viewed either as in status -ndur, in spirit -ndil." (Letters:286)
-ser
friend
-ser noun "friend" (SER)
-tar
king
-tar or tar-, element meaning "king" or "queen" in compounds and names (TĀ/TA3), e.g. Valatar; compare the independent nouns tár, tári. Prefix Tar- especially in the names of the Kings and Queens of Númenor (e.g. Tar-Amandil); see their individual names (like Amandil in this case), cf. also Tar-Mairon "King Excellent", title used by Sauron (PE17:183). Also in Tareldar "High-elves"; see also Tarmenel.
-va
from
-va possessive ending, presumably related to the preposition va "from". In Eldaliéva, Ingoldova, miruvóreva, Oroméva, rómeva, Valinóreva (q.v. for references), Follondiéva, Hyallondiéva (see under turmen for references). Following a consonant, the ending instead appears as -wa (andamacilwa "of the long sword", PE17:147, rómenwa *"of the East", PE17:59). Pl. -vë when governing a plural word (from archaic -vai) (WJ:407), but it seems that -va was used throughout in late Exilic Quenya (cf. miruvóreva governing the plural word yuldar in Namárië). Pl. -iva (-ivë*), dual -twa, partitive pl. -líva**.
Naira
dreadful, horrible, unendurable
naira (3) adj. "dreadful, horrible, unendurable" (PE17:151)
ahya-
change
#ahya- vb. "change" (intransitive), only attested in the past tense: ahyanë (PM:395)
ahya-
verb. to change
aiqua
steep
aiqua("q")adj. "steep" (AYAK). Not to be confused with the pronoun *aiqua "if anything, whatever" that post-Tolkien writers have extrapolated from aiquen (q.v.) on the basis of such pairs as ilquen vs. ilqua (q.v.)
amya-
verb. [unglossed]
aran
king
aran noun "king"; pl. arani (WJ:369, VT45:16, PE17:186); gen.pl. aranion "of kings" in asëa aranion, q.v.; aranya "my king" (aran + nya) (UT:193). Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369); aran Ondórëo, "a king of Gondor" (VT49:27). Also in arandil "king's friend, royalist", arandur "king's servant, minister" (Letters:386); Arantar masc. name, "King-Lord" (Appendix A); Arandor "Kingsland" region in Númenor (UT:165); the long form Arandórë appears as a name of Arnor in PE17:28 (elsewhere Arnanórë, q.v.) Othercompounds ingaran, Noldóran, Núaran, q.v.
aran
noun. king
arra
adjective. [unglossed]
arta
exalted, lofty
arta (1) adj. "exalted, lofty" (PM:354), "high, noble" (PE17:118, 147); cf. names like Artaher, Artanis.
arta
fort, fortress
arta (2) noun "fort, fortress" (GARAT under 3AR)
cairë
?. [unglossed]
caurë
fear
caurë _("k")_noun "fear" (LT1:257)
condo
prince, leader; lord
condo ("k")noun "prince, leader; lord" (PE17:113,117); possibly replaces cundu, q.v.
conta-
verb. [unglossed]
cundu
prince
†cundu ("k")noun "prince" (KUNDŪ; the "†_" indicating that this word is poetic or archaic was omitted in the Etymologies as printed in LR; see VT45:24)._ Cf. condo.
cunta
rule
cunta, also cunya, vb. (or less likely noun) "rule" (PE17:117)
cunta-
verb. to rule
cunya-
verb. to rule
cúma
noun. [unglossed]
ettelëa
foreign
ettelëa adj. "foreign", perhaps also noun ?"stranger"; the reading of the second gloss is uncertain. In the Etymologies as printed in LR, even the former gloss is presented as an uncertain reading and the Quenya word is given as ettelen. According to VT45:13, the gloss "foreign" is certain and the Quenya word may also be read as ettelëa, which normal Quenya morphology would also suggest to be the correct reading of Tolkien's manuscript.
exa
other
exa adj.? "other" (apparently as adjective) (VT47:10, VT49:33). Also eces ("k"), unless this is intended as the stem underlying exa (the root KES with prefixed stem-vowel) rather than a Quenya word (VT49:33).
felca
adjective. [unglossed]
felehta-
verb. [unglossed], *to excavate, tunnel, mine
An untranslated form appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 derived from the root √PHELEG/PHELEK (PE17/118), possibly a verb derived from ✱phelektā- or ✱phelegtā-. The derivatives of this root had to do with mines and tunnels, so perhaps this verb meant “✱to excavate, tunnel, mine”.
finca
noun. [unglossed]
halda
adjective. high, tall
haran
king, chieftain
haran (#harn-, as in pl. harni) noun "king, chieftain" (3AR, TĀ/TA3, VT45:17; for "king", the word aran is to be preferred in LotR-style Quenya). In a deleted entry in the Etymologies, haran was glossed "chief" (VT45:17)
hela
or
hela conj. "or", apparently an ephemeral form, replaced by hya (VT49:14-15). The editor theorizes that hela literally meant "other than" (VT49:15)
heldo
friend
[heldo, also helmo, fem. heldë, noun "friend" (VT46:3)]
hendas
?. [unglossed]
hindo
noun. [unglossed]
hindë
noun. [unglossed]
ho
from
ho prep. "from" (3O); cf. hó-
holdë
noun. [unglossed]
hya
or
hya conj. "or" or noun "other thing" (VT49:14)
hyana
other
hyana adj. "other", cf. hya (VT49:14)
háro
?. [unglossed]
lingi-
verb. [unglossed]
ló
from
ló, lo (2) prep. "from", also used = "by" introducing the agent after a passive construction: nahtana ló Turin *"slain by Túrin" (VT49:24). A similar and possibly identical form is mentioned in the Etymologies as being somehow related to the ablative ending -llo, but is not there clearly defined (VT45:28). At one point, Tolkien suggested that lo rather than the ending -llo was used with proper names (lo Manwë rather than Manwello for "from Manwë"), but this seems to have been a short-lived idea (VT49:24).
maitya
?. [unglossed]
malsa
?. [unglossed]
meldo
friend, lover
meldo noun "friend, lover". _(VT45:34, quoting a deleted entry in the Etymologies, but cf. the pl. #_meldor in Eldameldor "Elf-lovers", WJ:412) **Meldonya *"my friend" (VT49:38, 40). It may be that meldo is the distinctly masculine form, corresponding to feminine #meldë** (q.v.)
meldë
friend
#meldë noun "friend", feminine (meldenya "my friend" in the Elaine inscription [VT49:40], Tolkien referring to Elaine Griffiths). Compare meldo.
melya-
verb. [unglossed], *to be in love
minassë
fort, city, with a citadel and central watch-tower
minassë noun "fort, city, with a citadel and central watch-tower" (VT42:24)
moina
safe, secure
moina (2) adj. "safe, secure" (GL:58; this "Qenya" word is evidently obsoleted by # 1 above. This second moina seems to reappear as muina "hidden, secret" in Tolkien's later Quenya.)
málo
noun. friend
friend, comrade
málo
friend
málo noun "friend" (MEL, VT49:22)
naue
?. [unglossed]
nildo
friend
nildo noun "friend" (apparently masc.; contrast nildë) (NIL/NDIL)
nildë
friend
nildë noun "friend" (fem.) (NIL/NDIL)
nilmo
friend
nilmo noun "friend" (apparently masc.) (NIL/NDIL)
nor-
prefix. fear
ná-
verb. to be, to be, [ᴱQ.] exist
núro
servant
núro noun "servant" (NDŪ; in Etym as published in LR, the gloss is misread as "sunset"; see VT45:38)
o
preposition. from
ollo
cliff, seaward precipice
ollo (1) noun "cliff, seaward precipice" (also oldō - is this to be understood as the older form?) (LT1:252)
oronta
steep
oronta adj. "steep" (LT1:256)
ostirion
fort
ostirion noun "fort" (TI:423)
sal-
verb. [unglossed]
sanyë
rule, law
sanyë (þ) noun "rule, law" (STAN)
sermo
friend
sermo noun "friend" (evidently masc., since sermë is stated to be fem.) (SER)
sermë
friend
sermë noun "friend" (fem.) (SER)
seron
friend
seron noun "friend" (SER)
sondo
friend
[sondo noun "friend" (VT46:15)]
sélo
?. [unglossed]
sóla
?. [unglossed]
tar-
affix. high, high; [ᴹQ.] king or queen (in compounds)
thar-
verb. [unglossed]
thosso
fear
†thosso (þossë) noun "fear" in Old Quenya (PE17:87, there spelt with the letter þ, not the digraph th)
tomba
noun. [unglossed]
tompë
noun. [unglossed], *pulse, beat
@@@ Neo-meaning “✱pulse, beat” suggested by Röandil on 2023-04-20
turinqui
queen
turinqui ("q") noun "queen" (LT1:260; apparently the fem. of tur. In Tolkien's later Quenya, "queen" is tári.)
tá
high
tá 2) adj. "high" (LT1:264; there spelt tâ. This is hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, but cf. tára "lofty".)
tána
high, lofty, noble
tána (meaning unclear, probably adj. "high, lofty, noble") (TĀ/TA3). Compare tára.
tár
king
tár noun "king" (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes); the pl. tári "kings" must not be confused with the sg. tári "queen" (TĀ/TA3). Prefix tar-, compare -tar above. The normal Quenya word for "king" is aran, but compare Tarumbar.
tára
lofty
tára (1) adj. "lofty". (SA:tar, LT1:264, TĀ/TA3 (AYAK, TÁWAR), VT45:6), "tall, high" (WJ:417). Compare antara. Adverb táro in an early "Qenya" text (VT27:20, 26). The adj. tára is not to be confused with the continuative form of the verb #tar- "stand".
tári
noun. queen, queen, [ᴱQ.] mistress, lady
túr
king
túr, tur noun "king" (PE16:138, LT1:260); rather aran in LotR-style Quenya, but cf. the verb tur-. Also compare the final element -tur, -ntur "lord" in names like Axantur, Falastur, Fëanturi, Vëantur (q.v.)
um(ba)-
prefix. [unglossed]
umbacarin
noun. [unglossed]
virya-
change, alter(nate)
virya- (2) vb. "change, alter(nate)" (intransitive), pa.t. virnë/virinyë, cf. transitive vista-, q.v. (PE17:189, 191)
vista-
change
vista- (2) vb. "change" (transitive), pa.t. vistanë, cf. intransitive virya-, q.v. (PE17:189, 191)
wirnë
change
wirnë noun? "change" (PE17:191)
wirnë
noun. change
wistë
noun. change
yaulë
cat
yaulë noun "cat" (PE16:132). Compare mëoi.
éna
?. [unglossed]
ñor
fear
[ñor noun? prefix? "fear" (PE17:172)]
úpa-
verb. [unglossed]
þossë
noun. fear
þúna
?. [unglossed]
aico
noun. cliff
ecar
conjunction. or
eldatár
`Vm#1~C6 noun. elf-king, elfking, elven-king
ettemo
noun. foreigner
@@@ NQNT uses either aiano “stranger” or ettelea “foreign” as a noun
herca
conjunction. or
miura
noun. cat
miuro
noun. cat
miurë
noun. cat
nur-
verb. to serve
rianna
noun. queen
sossë
noun. fear
veumë
noun. service
veuya-
verb. to serve
veuyalë
noun. service
vev-
verb. to serve
vevië
noun. service
vistë Reconstructed
noun. change
This word is unattested, but there is indirect evidence for it as an element of walwistë “change of mind” (PE17/189). This word likely contains the archaic form †wistë from before the change of w- to v-. Its modern form would be ✱vistë. If you accept inwist- as the stem form of inwis “change of mind”, it likely contains †wistë as well.
There is another attested word wirne with the gloss “change” (PE17/191), but I think it is likelier to be the archaic form of the strong-past tense of the verb virya- instead of a noun.
var (1) conj. "or" (QL:100). In Tolkiens later Quenya, the word hya appears for "or". A phrase involving a double var…var may mean "either…or" in one early (untranslated) text, according to Christopher Gilsons interpretation (PE15:32, 39)