Quenya 

ingwë

masculine name. Chief

Lord of the first tribe of the Elves and the high king of Elvenkind (S/52, 62). His name is ancient and its original meaning is unclear, but it is sometimes translated as “Chief”, and is interpreted as a combination of the root √ING “first, foremost” and the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this character was first named ᴱQ. Ing, but this was soon changed to ᴱQ. Inwe (LT1/22). The form become ᴹQ. Ingwe in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/13, LR/214), and the derivation for Ingwë discussed above had already emerged in The Etymologies (Ety/ING, WEG).

Quenya [MRI/Ingwë; PM/340; PMI/Ingwë; SI/Ingwë; WJI/Ingwë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Ingwë

chief

Ingwë masc. name, "chief", name of the "prince of Elves" _(PM:340, ING, WEG, VT45:18). Pl. Ingwer "Chieftains", what the Vanyar called themselves (so in PM:340, but in PM:332 the plural has the more regular form Ingwi). Ingwë Ingweron "chief of the chieftains", proper title of Ingwë as high king (PM:340)_. In the Etymologies, Ingwë is also said to be the name of a symbol used in writing: a short carrier with an i-tehta above it, denoting short i (VT45:18).

lingwë

noun. fish

A word for “fish” appearing in its plural form lingwi “fish” in notes on The Lands and Beasts of Númenor from 1965 (NM/336) and appearing as ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi under the root ᴹ√LIW in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/LIW).

Conceptual Development: Tolkien had ᴱQ. ingwe “fish” under the early root ᴱ√IWI “fish” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/43), and this word was also mentioned in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/43). The word {engwe >>} ingwe appeared unglossed in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/145). ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” with initial l first emerged in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as noted above.

lingwë

fish

lingwë (stem *lingwi-, given the primitive form ¤liñwi) noun "fish" (LIW)

ingwemar

place name. *Ingwë Home

A name appearing only in some notes from the 1950s (PE17/106), it is a compound of Ingwë and már, perhaps the personal home of Ingwë or his people, the Ingwi (Vanyar).

ingwi

collective name. People of Ingwë, Chieftains

A name for the People of Ingwë, the first tribe of Elves, more commonly known as the Vanyar (PM/332, PE17/154-5). It is simply the plural form of the name for their leader: Ingwë.

Alternate Forms: In a few places in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, this name appeared instead as Ingar (MR/230, 265). It also appeared in an alternate plural form Ingwer and genitive plural Ingweron (PM/340). This last example seems to be an irregular plural, since the plural of nouns ending in -e are usually formed by changing this vowel to an -i (WJ/361). See the entry for the Quenya plural nouns for further discussion.

Conceptual Development: This name first appeared as ᴱQ. Inwir (LT1/50) derived from the older name of their leader: ᴱQ. Inwe. At this stage the name referred only the royal house of the first tribe (QL/42). In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, the form changed to ᴹQ. Ingwi, but still referred only to the royal house (LR/171). In Tolkien’s writing from the 1950s and later, the term expanded to include all Elves of the first tribe (MR/230; PM/332, 340).

Quenya [MR/230; MR/265; MRI/Ingar; PE17/154; PE17/155; PM/332; PM/340; PMI/Ingwer] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ingwë ingweron

proper name. Chief of the Chieftains

A title of Ingwë as lord of the Ingwi (PM/340). The name is a combination of his name interpreted as “Chief”, and the genitive plural form of his name, which was also used as a name of the Vanyar. This plural formation is somewhat usual. The normal plural form of this name would be Ingwi, so the expected genitive plural would be Ingwion. For discussion, see the entries for Q. Ingwi and the Quenya plural nouns.

Ingwë

Ingwë

In the Etymologies, Ingwe is said to be a compound of ing ("first") + the ending -we (Quenya "man").

Quenya [Tolkien Gateway] Published by

-on

name

-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).

-a

it is said

-r nominative plural ending regularly used on nouns ending in -a, -i, -, -o, -u, e.g. Ainur, Valar, tier. Occasionally it is added also to nouns ending in -ë (that normally take the ending -I in the pl.). This seems to regularly happen in the case of nouns in - (see #fintalë, mallë, tyellë), sometimes also otherwise (see Ingwë, wendë, essë #1). This plural ending was ("it is said") first used by the Noldor (PM:402).

ingalaurë

masculine name. *Top Gold

The first mother-name Tolkien gave to Finarfin (MR/230, PE17/118). It seems to be a compound of inga “top” and laurë “gold”. It was Sindarized as Inglor.

Conceptual Development: In later writing Finarfin’s mother-name was changed to Ingoldo (PM/360).

Quenya [MR/230; MRI/Ingalaurë; PE17/118; PMI/Finarfin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

#turco

chief

#turco (1) noun "chief" (isolated from Turcomund "chief bull", Letters:423). Turco, masc. name, see Turcafinwë.

esse

noun. name

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

essë

name

essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).

essë

noun. name

Quenya [LotR/1123; MR/216; MR/470; PM/339; UT/266; UTI/epessë; VT42/17; VT43/14; WJ/359] Group: Eldamo. Published by

esta-

verb. name

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

héra

chief, principal

héra adj. "chief, principal" (KHER)

nixi

name. fish

Quenya [PE 22:125] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

sanda

name

[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)

sanya

name

[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)

turco

noun. chief

Noldorin 

imbe

masculine name. Ingwë

@@@

Noldorin [EtyAC/ING] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

A noun appearing as N. lhim “fish” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi of the same meaning (Ety/LIW), where the labialized velar ñw (> ñgw) became the labial m (< mb) and the initial l unvoiced to lh.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien had G. ing “fish” (GL/51), cognate to ᴱQ. ingwe of the same meaning (QL/43). In Gnomish labialized velars only became labials in limited circumstances, so the primitive ng survived.

Neo-Sindarin: Since the unvoicing of initial liquids did not occur in Sindarin, many people adapt this word as ᴺS. lim “fish” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

Noldorin [Ety/LIW; Ety/LOK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hâl

noun. fish

Noldorin [VT/45:20] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hâl

noun. fish

A noun for “fish” appearing on the front page of The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶khala (EtyAC/KHAL¹). As such, it was probably based on the root ᴹ√KHAL “(small) fish” (Ety/KHAL¹), but may have transferred to ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” when Tolkien revised that root (Ety/SKAL²).

Noldorin [EtyAC/KHAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhimb

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Sindarin 

eneth

noun. name

Sindarin [VT/44:21,24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

esta-

verb. to name

Sindarin [estathar SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lim

noun. fish

Sindarin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneth

name

(noun) eneth (pl. enith)

eneth

name

(pl. enith)

ess

noun. name

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

esta

name

(verb.) esta- (call) (i esta, in estar)

esta

name

(call) (i esta, in estar)

hâl

fish

(noun) hâl (i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.

hâl

fish

(i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.

lim

noun. fish

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

main

chief

(adj.) main (lenited vain; pl. mîn) (prime, prominent) (VT45:15)

main

chief

(lenited vain; pl. mîn) (prime, prominent) (VT45:15)

Primitive elvish

en

root. name


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Quenya

ingwe

noun. fish

Early Quenya [PE16/145; PME/043; QL/043; QL/049; QL/091; QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

en(we)

noun. name

Early Quenya [QL/035] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

ingwe

masculine name. Prince of Elves

Qenya [Ety/ING; Ety/WEG; EtyAC/ING; LBI/Ingwë; LBI/Inwë; LR/165; LR/171; LR/193; LRI/Ingwë; LT1I/Ingwë; LT1I/Inwë; LT2I/Ingwë; LT2I/Inwë; PE22/023; SM/013; SM/084; SMI/Ing; SMI/Ingwë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ingweqenya

proper name. Ingweqenya

A term for the dialect of Qenya spoken in the house of Ingwe appearing in linguistic notes from the 1930s (LR/172, 193), it is simply a combination of the name of the Elf-lord prepended to the language.

Qenya [LR/172; LR/193; LRI/Ingwëa; LRI/Ingwiqen(d)ya] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ingwelindar

collective name. Ingwelindar

A term for the house of Ingwe within the tribe of the Lindar appearing in linguistic notes from the 1930s (LR/171), it is simply a combination of the name of the Elf-lord with the name of his tribe.

Qenya [LR/171; LRI/Ingwelindar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ingwemindon

place name. Tower of Ingwë

Earlier name for the tower of Ingwe in Valinor in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/222), a combination of his name with mindon “tower”.

Qenya [LR/222; LRI/Ingwemindon; MR/090; MR/180; MRI/Ingwemindon] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lingwe

noun. fish

esse

noun. name

Qenya [Ety/ES; PE22/022; PE22/051; PE22/124; SD/047] Group: Eldamo. Published by

káno

noun. chief

Middle Primitive Elvish

ingwege

masculine name. Ingwe

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/ING] Group: Eldamo. Published by

liñwi

noun. fish

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LIW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

skala

noun. fish

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/KHAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

ing

noun. fish

enn

noun. name

thegor

noun. chief

Gnomish [GL/72; LT1A/Cûm a Thegranaithos] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

líw

noun. fish

A Doriathrin noun for “fish” derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi (Ety/LIW). It is the clearest example of how [[ilk|[ŋg] vanished before [w] lengthening the preceding vowel]], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Doriathrin/líw). @@@ same development in ᴱN hiw PE13/147

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as rejected ling (EtyAC/LIW), probably reflecting Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of [-ŋgw-] in Ilkorin.

Doriathrin [Ety/LIW; EtyAC/LIW] Group: Eldamo. Published by