Quenya 

hroa

hröa

hroa (sometimes spelt "hröa")noun "body" (changed by Tolkien from hrondo, in turn changed from hrón). The word hroa comes from earlier ¤srawa(VT47:35). Pl. hroar is attested (MR:304, VT39:30). In MR:330, Tolkien notes that hroa is "roughly but not exactly equivalent to 'body' " (as opposed to "soul"). The Incarnates live by necessary union of hroa (body) and fëa (soul) (WJ:405). Hroafelmë "body-impulse" (impulses provided by the body, e.g. physical fear, hunger, thirst, sexual desire) (VT41:19 cf. 13)

hröa

noun. body, bodily form, flesh; physical matter

A word for “body” widely used in a variety of documents from 1958-59, derived from primitive ✶srawā based on the root √SRAW (MR/350). This word and derivation was mentioned again in notes from 1968 (VT47/35). In one place Tolkien used hroa metaphorically for the “the ‘flesh’ or physical matter of Arda” (MR/399), but as noted by Christopher Tolkien, Tolkien elsewhere used {orma >>} erma for “physical matter” (MR/406 note #2).

Conceptual Development: In early 1958 versions of the documents mentioned above, Tolkien used hrondo for “body”, a term he introduced in Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 as a derivative of √SRON (PE17/183). But in the typescript version of Laws and Customs of the Eldar from 1958, he generally struck through hrondo and replaced it with hröa (MR/209, 217), which is the form he stuck with thereafter.

Cognates

  • S. rhaw “flesh, body” ✧ MR/350

Derivations

  • srawā “body” ✧ MR/350; VT41/14; VT47/35
    • SRAW “body, flesh” ✧ VT47/35

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
srawā > hröa[srawā] > [r̥awā] > [r̥oa]✧ MR/350
srawā > hroa[srawā] > [r̥awā] > [r̥oa]✧ VT41/14
srawa > hroa[srawa] > [r̥awā] > [r̥oa]✧ VT47/35

Variations

  • hroa ✧ MR/399; VT41/14; VT47/35
Quenya [MR/209; MR/216; MR/218; MR/219; MR/304; MR/308; MR/330; MR/350; MR/399; MR/470; MR/471; NM/014; NM/083; PMI/hröa; VT41/14; VT47/35; WJ/405] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hrón

flesh/substance of arda

hrón noun "flesh/substance of Arda", "matter" (PE17:183), also at one point used = hroa "body", q.v. Compare erma.

hrondo

corporeal form or body (especially of the elves)

hrondo noun "a corporeal form or body (especially of the Elves)" (PE17:183). Tolkien replaced this word by hroa, q.v.

coa

köa

coa ("köa")noun "house" (VT47:35, with etymology); coarya "his house" (WJ:369), allative coaryanna ("k") "to/at his house" (VT49:23, 35), quenderinwë coar ("koar") "Elvish bodies" (PE17:175). Notice how coa "house" is here used metaphorically = "body", as also in the compound coacalina "light of the house"(a metaphor for the soul [fëa] dwelling inside the body [hroa]) (MR:250)

spirit, shadow

noun "spirit, shadow" (PE17:86)

fëa

spirit

fëa noun "spirit" (pl. fëar attested, MR:363). The Incarnates are said to live by necessary union of hroa (body) and fëa (WJ:405). In Airëfëa noun "the Holy Spirit", Fëanáro masc. name "Spirit of Fire" (Quenya-Sindarin hybrid form: Fëanor), Fëanturi noun "Masters of Spirits", name of the two Valar Mandos and Lórien (SA:tur), fëafelmë noun "spirit-impulse" (impulses originating with the spirit, e.g. love, pity, anger, hate) (VT41:19 cf. 13, VT43:37). In one source it is said to mean specifically a "spirit indwelling a body", i.e. "soul" (PE17:124), which contradicts such uses as Airefëa or Fëanturi. Cf. fairë.

súlë

spirit, breath

súlë (þ) noun "spirit, breath", also name of tengwa #9; originally thúlë (þúlë), before the shift th > s that occurred shortly before the rebellion of the Noldor (Appendix E, THŪ). Its gloss, "blowing forth", was metaphorically used as "the emission of power (of will or desire) from a spirit" (PE17:124). If the element súlë appears in Súlimë and Súlimo (q.v.), the stem-form may seem to be súli-.

vilissë

spirit

vilissë noun "spirit" (GL:23)

þúlë

noun. spirit

Sindarin 

rhond

noun. body

n. body. >> rhonn, rhû

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:183] < RON solid, tangible, firm. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

rhond

noun. body

A Sindarin word for “body”, cognate of Q. hrondo, appearing as rhonn in Quenya Notes from 1957 (QN: PE17/183) and as rhond or rhonn in notes concerning spirit, also probably from 1957 (NM/237). In the former document, it was derived from the root √SRON, a variant of √RON “solid, tangible, firm” (PE17/183).

Neo-Sindarin: Its Quenya cognate hrondo was replaced by Q. hröa < ✶srawā in notes from 1958-59 (MR/209, 350). However, the Sindarin equivalent of hroa was rhaw, a word that also meant “flesh” along with many other (Neo) Sindarin meanings such as “wild” and “lion”. As such, I would retain rhond as “body” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin; the continued viability of the root √RON is indicated by other words like S. Grond.

Cognates

  • Q. hrondo “(physical) body, corporeal form” ✧ PE17/183

Derivations

  • SRON “flesh, substance, matter, substance, matter, flesh” ✧ PE17/183
    • RON “solid, tangible, firm” ✧ PE17/183

Element in

  • S. Elrond “Star-dome” ✧ PE17/183

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
SRON > rhond > rhonn[srondo] > [r̥ondo] > [r̥ond] > [r̥onn]✧ PE17/183

Variations

  • rhonn ✧ NM/237; PE17/183
Sindarin [NM/237; PE17/183] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhonn

noun. body

n. body. >> rhond, rhû

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:183] < RON solid, tangible, firm. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

faer

noun. spirit

Sindarin [MR/349] Group: SINDICT. Published by

spirit

_ n. _spirit, shadow.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:86] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

rhaw

body

rhaw (?i thraw or ?i raw the lenition product of rh is uncertain) (flesh), pl. rhoe (?idh roe). Note: a homophone means ”wild, untamed”. (MR:350).

rhaw

body

(?i thraw or ?i raw – *the lenition product of rh is uncertain) (flesh), pl. rhoe (?idh roe). Note: a homophone means ”wild, untamed”. (MR:350)*.

hûr

fiery spirit

(i chûr, o chûr, construct hur) (readiness for action, vigour), pl. huir (i chuir) if there is a pl.

fae

spirit

1) fae (soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form. 2) faer (radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)

fae

spirit

(soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form.

faer

spirit

(radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)

fân

manifested body of a vala

(veil, cloud), construct fan, pl. fain.

bellas

bodily strength

(i vellas), pl. bellais (i mellais) if there is a pl.

Adûnaic

manô

noun. spirit

A noun translated “spirit” and fully declined as an example of a Weak II noun (SD/438). It appeared with both a short a (SD/424) and long â (SD/438). Given its ending , it might be a masculine-noun, but it seems unlikely that spirits would only be male. This entry assumes it is a common-noun instead. It is probably related to ᴹQ. manu “departed spirit” as suggested by various authors (AAD/19, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/MAN).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. manu “departed spirit”

Derivations

  • ✶Ad. manaw “spirit” ✧ SD/424; SD/424

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶Ad. manaw- > manau > manō[manaw] > [manau] > [manō]✧ SD/424
✶Ad. manaw+yi > manau+yi > manōyi > manôi[manawji] > [manauji] > [manōji] > [manōi]✧ SD/424

Variations

  • manō ✧ SD/424
  • mānō ✧ SD/438
Adûnaic [SD/424; SD/438] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

phay

root. spirit, spirit; [ᴹ√] radiate, send out rays of light

When this root first appeared in The Etymologies (Ety/PHAY), it was glossed “radiate, send out rays of light” and its derivatives were consistent with this definition, most notably in N. Feanor “Radiant Sun”. In later writings, this root was instead glossed “spirit” (PM/352), which is the connotation of most of its later derivatives. For example, the later meaning of S. Fëanor was changed to “Spirit of Fire”.

The earlier sense “radiate” probably also survived in Tolkien’s later conception, however. On MR/250, the word Q. fairë “spirit” is said to originally have had the sense “radiance”, which is precisely the meaning that ᴹQ. faire had in The Etymologies. There is also a primitive monosyllable ✶phāy “flame, ray of light” in the Outline of Phonology from the early 1950s (OP2: PE19/102). If the root meaning “radiate” remains valid, then the word S. ✱fael “gleam of the sun”, an element of S. Faelivrin “gleam of the sun on the pools of Ivrin” (the second name of Finduilas), might be a derivative of this root.

Derivations

  • PHA “exhalations (as mists upon water or steams and the like)” ✧ NM/237

Derivatives

  • phaini “vapour” ✧ NM/237
    • S. faen “vapour; [disembodied] spirit” ✧ NM/237
  • phairi “spirit (general)” ✧ NM/237
    • Q. fairë “spirit (disembodied), phantom; †radiance” ✧ NM/237
    • S. faer “spirit (in general)”
  • phanā “veil, cloud” ✧ NM/237
    • Q. fana “raiment, veil; (bright) shape or figure; bodily form of an angelic spirit” ✧ PE17/173; PE17/174
    • S. fân “(white) cloud; veil, curtain; form or vision of a spiritual being; spirit [embodied]” ✧ PE17/173; PE17/174
  • phāy “flame, ray of light”
    • Q. “*ray of light, flame” ✧ PE19/104
  • phayā “soul, indwelling spirit” ✧ NM/237
    • Q. fëa “(indwelling or incarnate) spirit, soul” ✧ MR/349; MR/470; NM/237; PE17/124; PE19/104; VT41/14
    • S. fae “incarnate spirit, incarnate spirit, *soul”
  • Q. faila “fair-minded, just, generous” ✧ PM/352
  • Q. fëa “(indwelling or incarnate) spirit, soul” ✧ PM/352
  • S. fael “gleam of the sun; *gleaming”
  • S. fael “fair-minded, just, generous” ✧ PM/352

Variations

  • phay ✧ NM/237; NM/237
  • PHAYA ✧ PM/352
Primitive elvish [NM/237; PM/352] Group: Eldamo. Published by

srawā

noun. body

Derivations

  • SRAW “body, flesh” ✧ VT47/35

Derivatives

  • Q. hröa “body, bodily form, flesh; physical matter” ✧ MR/350; VT41/14; VT47/35

Element in

Variations

  • srawa ✧ VT47/35
Primitive elvish [MR/350; VT41/14; VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

mân

noun. departed spirit

Noldorin [Ety/371] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Primitive adûnaic

manaw

noun. spirit

The primitive form of manô “spirit” (SD/424). Its plural form manaw+yi is also attested.

Derivatives

  • Ad. manô “spirit” ✧ SD/424; SD/424

Variations

  • manaw- ✧ SD/424
Primitive adûnaic [SD/424] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

blaith

noun. spirit

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√VILI “*air”

Element in

  • G. gumlaith “weariness of spirit, depression, grief” ✧ GL/43; LT1A/Cûm a Gumlaith
Gnomish [GL/23; GL/43; LT1A/Cûm a Gumlaith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

kolume

noun. body

A word for “body” in notes on parts of the body from the 1920s (PE14/117).

Element in

Early Quenya [PE14/117] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vilisse

noun. spirit

Cognates

  • G. blaith “spirit” ✧ GL/23

Derivations

  • ᴱ√VILI “*air”
Early Quenya [GL/23] Group: Eldamo. Published by