Sindarin 

minas tirith

place name. Tower of Guard, Tower of Watch

The name of Minas Anor after the resurgence of Mordor, translated “Tower of Guard” (LotR/245) or “Tower of Watch” (PE17/31). The name was also used for a stronghold of the Noldor on Tol Sirion in Beleriand (S/120). This name is a combination of minas “tower” and tirith “watching, guarding” (SA/minas, tir; PE17/31).

Conceptual Development: As a tower of the Noldor, Tolkien first used the name N. Inglormindon, but revised it to N. Minnastirith (LR/146), translated “Watchtower” (LR/264). The form Minnas-tirith also appeared in The Etymologies (Ety/TIR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, Tolkien considered a variety of names for the capital of Gondor before settling on N. Minas Tirith (TI/115-6), which he initially translated as “Tower of Guard” (TI/127).

Sindarin [LotR/0245; LotRI/Minas Tirith; LT2I/Minas Tirith; NM/303; PE17/031; PE17/108; PMI/Minas Tirith; PMI/Mundburg; S/297; SA/minas; SA/tir; SD/129; SDI2/Minas Tirith; SI/Minas Tirith; UTI/Minas Tirith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amon tirith

place name. Hill of Guard

The hill where Minas Tirith was built, translated “Hill of Guard” (RC/772). It is a combination of amon “hill” and tirith “watch, guard”.

a tiro nin, fanuilos

o guard me, Elbereth

Sindarin [Let/278; LotR/0729; PE17/021; PE17/094; RGEO/64] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tir-

verb. to look (towards), watch (over), guard, to look (towards), watch (over), guard; [G.] to look (out) for, watch for, await, expect

Sindarin [Let/279; Let/427; LotR/0729; MR/320; PE17/095; RGEO/64; RGEO/65; S/168] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirith

noun. watching, guarding, watch, ward, guard

Sindarin [PE17/025; PE17/031; RC/772; SA/sîr; VT42/11] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tiria-

verb. to watch, gaze; to ward, guard

Sindarin [LB/354; Let/279; Let/427; LotR/0238; LotR/0729; PE17/025; RGEO/63; RGEO/64; RGEO/65] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirith

noun. watch, guard (abstract noun), vigilance

Sindarin [Ety/394, S/437, Letters/158, VT/42:11] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tirith

guard, guarding

(i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

tir-

guard

_(verb) 1) tir- (cited in the form _tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (watch over, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen. 2) tiria- (watch, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar)

tir-

guard

(cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (watch over, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen. 2) tiria- (watch, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar)

tirith

guard, guarding

(abstract noun) tirith (i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

Minas Tirith

noun. tower watch

minas (“tower, fort”), tirith (“watch, guard, vigilance”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

tirith

watch

{1st ĭ}_n._watch, ward, guard. >> tíria, Minas Tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:25:31] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tir-

watch

(cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (guard, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen.

tir-

watch (over)

tir- (cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (guard, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen.

tiria

watch

  1. tiria- (guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar). 2)

tiria

watch

(guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar).

tirith

watch, watching

(i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

hebin

verb. I keep, I have kept

Because of the mutation triggered by the first person pronominal ending, it is impossible to guess whether the stem of this should be heb-, hab- or hob-. The root KHEP listed in VT/41:6 apparently implies that heb- is the correct form

Sindarin [ú-chebin LotR/A(v), VT/41:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

band

safekeeping

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, duress, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

gartha

keep

(defend) (i ’artha, i ngarthar = i ñarthar). Noun

heb

keep

(verb) 1) heb- (i chêb, i chebir) (retain); 2) gartha- (defend) (i **artha, i ngarthar** = i ñarthar). Noun

heb

keep

(i chêb, i chebir) (retain)

Quenya 

tir-

verb. watch, watch over, guard, heed

tir- vb. "watch, watch over, guard, heed", 1st pers. aorist tirin "I watch", pa.t. tirnë (TIR), imperative tira (VT47:31) or á tirë (PE17:94), future tense tiruva "shall heed" in Markirya (also MC:213, 214); also in CO with pronominal endings: tiruvantes "they will guard it" (tir-uva-nte-s "guard-will-they-it"). The stem also occurs in palantíri (q.v.), Tirion place-name "Great Watchtower", a city of the Elves (SA:tir; in MR:176 the translation is "Watchful City")

tir-

verb. to watch (over), guard, heed; to look (at), gaze, observe, to watch (over), guard, heed; to look (at), gaze, observe; [ᴱQ.] to keep, preserve

Quenya [CPT/1296; CPT/1298; MC/222; PE17/025; PE17/086; PE17/094; PE22/155; SA/tir; UT/305; UT/317; VT47/31] Group: Eldamo. Published by

varno

noun. protector, guard

A neologism for “protector, guard” from ABNW (ABNW) from the early 2000s, based on varya- “to protect”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

tirista

noun. *watch, guard

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

cenda-

verb. watch

cenda- vb. "watch" (not "guard", but observe to gain information), also used = "read". Cenda = also noun "reading", as in sanwecenda "thought-inspection, thought-reading". (VT41:5, PE17:156)

nai

be it that

nai (1) imperative verb "be it that", used with a verb (usually in the future tense) to express a wish. The translation "maybe" in Tolkien's rendering of Namárië is somewhat misleading; he used "be it that" in the interlinear translation in RGEO:67. Apparently this is na as the imperative "be!" with a suffix -i "that", cf. i #3. It can be used with the future tense as an "expression of wish" (VT49:39). Nai hiruvalyë Valimar! Nai elyë hiruva! "May thou find Valimar. May even thou find it!" (Nam, VT49:39). Nai tiruvantes "be it that they will guard it" > "may they guard it" (CO). Nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna "may a star shine upon your book-fair" (VT49:38), nai elen siluva lyenna "may a star shine upon you" (VT49:40), nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto "may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding" (VT49:42-45), nai laurë lantuva parmastanna lúmissen tengwiesto "may (a) golden light fall on your book at the times of your reading" (VT49:47). Nai may also be used with a present continuative verb if an ongoing situation is wished for: Nai Eru lye mánata "God bless you" (VT49:39) or literally "be it that God is (already) blessing you". The phrase nai amanyaonnalya "be it that your child [will be] blessed" omits any copula; Tolkien noted that "imper[ative] of wishes precedes adj." (VT49:41). VT49:28 has the form nái for "let it be that"; Patrick Wynne theorizes that nái is actually an etymological form underlying nai (VT49:36)

Tiristemindon

place name. Minas Tirith

Quenya [PE 22:125] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

tiris

watch, vigil

tiris (tiriss-), also tirissë, noun "watch, vigil" (LT1:258, QL:93)

varyando

noun. protector

A neologism for “protector” from the NQW, based on varya- “to protect”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Noldorin 

minas tirith

place name. Tower of Guard

Noldorin [PE22/125; SDI1/Minas Tirith; TI/115; TI/116; TI/127; TII/Minas Tirith; WRI/Minas Tirith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirith

noun. watch, guard

Noldorin [Ety/TIR; PE22/125] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirith

noun. watch, guard (abstract noun), vigilance

Noldorin [Ety/394, S/437, Letters/158, VT/42:11] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tir-

verb. to watch

Noldorin [Ety/TIR; EtyAC/NDI] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tiria-

verb. to watch

tir-

verb. to watch, to gaze, look at

Noldorin [Ety/394] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tiria-

verb. to watch, to gaze, look at

Noldorin [Ety/394] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Westron

tunas

noun. guard

tud

root. watch, guard

Early Primitive Elvish

wara

root. care for, guard, watch (over)

This root appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as ᴱ√QARA “care for, guard, watch (over)” along with derivatives ᴱQ. qāra “watch, ward”, ᴱQ. qārele “watchfulness, anxiety”, and Gnomish variant gwar- (QL/76). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon G. gwar- appear with the gloss “watch (all senses)” with an apparent primitive form u̯ar “guard” (GL/46). This may represent a conceptual shift from primitive {ᴱ✶gʷar- >>} ᴱ✶war-, with earlier Qenya kʷar- being the result of the usual change whereby initial voiced stops were unvoiced [gʷ- > kʷ-]. Further evidence of this shift may be found in ᴱQ. Varavilindo, Qenya cognate of G. Gwarbilin “Birdward(en)” (GL/70), where the Qenya form was the result of w becoming v.

The most notable derivative of this root was G. gwareth “watch, guard, ward” as in G. Amon Gwareth “Hill of Watch” (LT2/158), a name that retained this form and meaning into Silmarillion drafts of the early 1930s (SM/137). In the mid-1930s, Tolkien considered changing the name to N. Amon Thoros (LR/56), but ultimately retained this name as S. Amon Gwareth into the 1950s, though without translation (WJ/200; S/126). It is thus possible this early root ᴱ√(G)WARA “guard” survived, but it just as likely that the name Amon Gwareth survived without being given a proper etymology in the Elvish languages as Tolkien imagined them in the 1950s and 60s.

Early Primitive Elvish [GL/46; QL/076] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kopo

root. keep, guard‽

Early Primitive Elvish [GL/40; LT1A/Kópas; QL/047] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gopo Reconstructed

root. keep, guard‽

Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

gwareth

noun. watch, guard, ward; vigilance

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “watch, guard, ward” based on the verb G. gwar- “watch” (GL/46-47), also translated “vigilance” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin (PE15/27). Its most notable use is in the name Amon Gwareth “Hill of Watch” (LT2/158) which survived into The Silmarillion as published but without translation in Tolkien’s later writings (S/126; WJ/200).

Gnomish [GL/47; LBI/Gwareth; LT2A/Amon Gwareth; PE15/20; PE15/27] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwar-

verb. to watch (all senses), guard

Gnomish [GL/25; GL/46; LT1A/Tinfang; LT2A/Amon Gwareth; LT2A/Glamhoth; PE15/27] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tair

noun. look-out, watch, guard; gaze, regard

Gnomish [GL/68; GL/71] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwarestrin

place name. Tower of Guard, Watchtower

Gnomish [LT2/158; LT2A/Gwarestrin; LT2I/Gwarestrin; PE13/102; PE15/27] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

tiri-

verb. to watch; to keep, guard, preserve; to look at, gaze at, observe

Early Quenya [MC/214; QL/093] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

tiriste

noun. *watch, guard

tiristemindon

place name. Minas Tirith

A Quenya translation of Minas Tirith in linguistic notes from the 1940s (PE22/125). Its final element is clearly mindon “tower”, so its initial element tiriste most likely means, “watch, guard” as an abstraction of the verb tir- “to watch”.

tir-

verb. to watch

Middle Primitive Elvish

tir

root. watch, guard

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SKAL²; Ety/TIR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Edain

hal(a)

verb. watch, guard