(i geber, o cheber) (spike, stone ridge), pl. cebir (i chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn Gebir. Cf. also
Sindarin
ceber
noun. stake, spike, stone ridge
ceber
stake
ceber
stake
ceber
noun. stake, spike, stone ridge
ceber
stake
ceber
stake
(i geber, o cheber) (spike, stone ridge), pl. cebir (i chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn Gebir. Cf. also
turuk
noun. stake
Derivations
- √TURUK “*strong”
turuk
root. *strong
A root in notes from the late 1960s (PMB) serving as the basis for Q. {turma >>} turko, unglossed but probably meaning “✱stronghold” (PE17/22); it was likely an extension of √TUR “power, mastery”. It was probably also the basis for Q. turka “strong, powerful (in body)” in the name Q. Turkafinwe from 1968 (PM/352). However, in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s, primitive ✶turuk was glossed “stake” (PE22/71).
Derivatives
Elements
Word Gloss TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”
khag
root. stake
Derivatives
Variations
- KHAG ✧ PE19/091
bel
root. *strong, [ᴹ√] strong
The root √BEL “strong” has a long history in Tolkien’s writing. Its most notable derivative is S. beleg “great, mighty”. This word dates back all the way to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, where G. beleg already had this meaning (GL/22). In this document, its Qenya equivalent was ᴱQ. velike, meaning the early root must have been ✱ᴱ√ɃELE: in Early Quenya, ancient initial ƀ- > v- but initial b- > p-.
The root ᴹ√BEL appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the gloss “strong” and a number of Noldorin, Telerin and Ilkorin derivatives starting with bel- and having to do with strength (Ety/BEL). In the 1930s this root had no Quenya derivatives. The root √BEL reappeared in a list of “large & small” roots from around 1968, where it had the variant √MBEL and was also used in its extended form √MBELEK as the basis for the Quenya name Q. Melkor (PE17/115). This extended form was also given as the basis for S. beleg in these notes, which was given the glosses “large, great” implying the root had as much to do with size as strength.
This note indicates that S. beleg began with an ancient nasalized stop, but various mutations elsewhere in the corpus imply this was not the case, such as the soft mutation in S. Cûl Veleg “Bigload” (RC/536) and the nasal mutation in S. Taur-i-Melegyrn “Forest of the Great Trees” (WJ/185). I suspect the ancient strengthening of initial b- to mb- must have been limited to the Quenya branch of the language; see the √MBELEK for further discussion.
Derivatives
- √MBELEK “mighty, powerful, strong; power as force or strength; great, large” ✧ PE17/115
- ✶(m)belek- “large, great, big, large, great, big, [ᴹ✶] huge; mighty” ✧ PE17/115
- Q.
velca“large, great, big”- S. beleg “great, mighty; large, big, great, mighty; large, big, [ᴱN.] huge” ✧ PE17/115
- Q. melehta “mighty” ✧ PE17/115
- Q. melehtë “might, power (inherent)” ✧ PE17/115
- ᴺQ. meletya- “to magnify”
- Q. Melkor “He who arises in Might; (lit.) Mighty Arising” ✧ MR/350
- S. belaith “mighty” ✧ PE17/115
- S. beleg “great, mighty; large, big, great, mighty; large, big, [ᴱN.] huge” ✧ PE17/115
- ᴺS. beleitha- “to extol, magnify”
Variations
- MBEL ✧ PE17/115; PE17/150
mbel
root. *strong
ceber
noun. stake, spike, stone ridge
ceber (i geber, o cheber) (spike, stone ridge), pl. cebir (i chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn Gebir. Cf. also