Quenya 

tinta-

verb. to kindle, cause to spark, to kindle, cause to spark, [ᴹQ.] make to spark

A word for “to kindle, cause to spark” (MR/388; PE17/69), a causative verb form based on the root √TIN (PE17/22, 69). Its most notable use is in the name Tintallë “(Star) Kindler” for Varda.

Conceptual Development: ᴹQ. tinta- “to kindle, make to spark” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the same derivation (Ety/TIN), and the verb’s introduction probably coincided with Tolkien’s invention of Varda’s sobriquet.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d limit this verb’s use to “kindle” = “make a spark”. For “kindle” = “set on fire” I’d instead use [ᴹQ.] narta-.

Quenya [MR/388; MR/471; PE17/022; PE17/069; SA/tin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tinta-

verb. kindle, cause to sparkle

tinta- vb. "kindle, cause to sparkle", cf. Tintallë (TIN, SA:tin, MR:388)

Tintallë

kindler

Tintallë noun "Kindler", a title of Varda who kindled the stars (TIN, Nam, RGEO:67). From tinta- "kindle, make to sparkle" (MR:388). According to PE17:69, the form "should be Tintalde", apparently because -llë was at the time the ending for plural "you" and Tintallë could be taken as meaning *"you kindle" rather than as a noun "Kindler". However, Tolkien later changed the pronominal suffix, eliminating the clash of forms while leaving Tintallë correct (after the revision, it was *tintaldë itself that would be the verb "you kindle").

Tintanië

kindler

Tintanië noun "Kindler" = Varda (TIN; Tintánië under TAN, which according to VT46:17 Tolkien interpreted both as "Star-maker" and "Star-making")

-ldë

kindler

-ldë (2) feminine agental suffix. Tolkien at one point commented that Vardas title Tintallë "Kindler" should be Tintaldë because the ending -llë was rather the suffix for plural "you" (PE17:69). Since this pronominal suffix -llë was later revised to -ldë, it is now the ending of Tintaldë itself that would be potentially problematic.

-llë

one of several suffixes indicating feminine agent

-llë (1) "one of several suffixes indicating feminine agent", as in Tintallë "kindler" vs. the verb tinta- "to kindle". In the source _(PE17:69) _Tolkien noted that -llë was little used because of the clash with the pronominal ending -llë (see #2 below), but the latter ending was later revised.

calta-

verb. to kindle, to kindle, [ᴹQ.] (cause to) shine, light up, [ᴱQ.] set light to

This causative verb meaning “kindle, cause to shine” was based on the root √KAL “light; shine” and had a lengthy history in Tolkien’s Elvish languages. ᴱQ. kalta- “kindle, set light to” first appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√KALA “shine golden” (QL/44), but in The Etymologies of the 1930s ᴹQ. kalta- was only glossed “shine” (Ety/KAL). However in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 kaltā́ was given as an example of causative verbs and glossed “cause to shine, light up, or kindle (lamp etc.)” (PE22/114). In Common Eldarin: Verb Structure from the early 1950s (primitive) kalta- was glossed “cause to shine, kindle” (PE22/156). This verb also appeared in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 as an element in the adjective Q. lacaltaima “not possible to be kindled”.

lilta-

verb. dance

lilta- vb. "dance" (LILT, Narqelion)

lilta-

verb. to dance

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “dance” derived from the root ᴹ√LILT of the same meaning (Ety/LILT). The verb reappeared as an active participle liltalyar “dancing” in notes from the late 1960s (PE23/134).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. lilt- “to dance” under the early root ᴱ√LḶTḶ (QL/55), where [[eq|short syllabic [ḷ] became [il]]] (PE12/11). It reappeared in the Early Qenya Grammar and English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, where its past forms lalsie or †laltye indicate the development of [[eq|long syllabic [ḹ] to [al]]] (PE14/58; PE15/71). After Tolkien decided that syllabic ḷ, ṇ, ṛ were not vowels in Primitive Elvish, he revised the root to ᴹ√LILT as noted above, so that the verb would probably have a more regular past like ✱liltane.

narta-

verb. kindle

narta- vb. "kindle" (VT45:37)

tunda-

verb. kindle

tunda- vb. "kindle" (LT1:270; rather tinta- or narta- in Tolkien's later Quenya)

turu-

verb. kindle

turu- (2) vb. "kindle" (a "Qenya" form from LT1:270; rather narta- or tinta- in LotR-style Quenya)

liltë

noun. dance

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

Noldorin 

nartha-

verb. to kindle, to kindle, *ignite, inflame, set fire to

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s for “kindle” given in the Noldorin-style infinitive form nartho and derived from the root ᴹ√NARTA of the same meaning (EtyAC/NARTA). This root is probably just a causative verb formation from ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire”, and thus more literally “✱make fire”. Hence I think this verb can be used in the general sense of “✱ignite, inflame, set fire to”, etc.

Noldorin [EtyAC/NARTA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nartha-

verb. to kindle

Noldorin [VT/45:37] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Sindarin 

toniel

noun. kindler

Sindarin [Gilthoniel LotR/II:I, LotR/IV:X, RGEO/72-74] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lilla-

なな¸%`C verb. dance, to dance

Sindarin [Realelvish.net] Published by

lilt

なな%1 noun. dance

Sindarin [Realelvish.net] Published by

lilt

noun. dance

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

liltha-

verb. to dance

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

nartha

kindle

nartha- (i nartha, in narthar) (VT45:37)

thoniel

kindler

(feminine) #thoniel (pl. thonil). Isolated from Vardas title Gilthoniel, Star-kindler.

Sindarin [Parviphith] Published by

Adûnaic

nitir- Reconstructed

verb. to kindle

A verb attested only as an agental-formation in the names Gimilnitîr “Star-kindler” and gimlu-nitîr “kindler of a (particular) star” (SD/428). Thorsten Renk suggested (NBA/32) the base verb is nitir-, and this seems to me to be the likeliest possibility. Andreas Moehn instead suggested (EotAL/NIT’Y) that the verb stem may be nit-, and that the -îr is some kind of feminine agental suffix.


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

tinta-

verb. to kindle, make to spark

narta-

verb. to kindle, to kindle, *ignite, inflame, set fire to

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s for “kindle” derived from the root ᴹ√NARTA of the same meaning (EtyAC/NARTA). This root is probably just a causative verb formation from ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire”, more literally “✱make fire”. Hence I think this verb can be used in the general sense of “✱ignite, inflame, set fire to”, etc.

Qenya [EtyAC/NARTA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lilta-

verb. to dance

Gnomish

tinta-

verb. to dance

A noun glossed “dance” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/70), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√TṆTṆ (QL/93), probably with [[g|short syllabic [ṇ] becoming [in]]]. It had a past form {tinti >>} tanti showing the development of [[g|long syllabic [ṇ̄] to [an]]].

Gnomish [GL/69; GL/70] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galtha-

verb. to kindle

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s given as {galta- >>} galtha- “kindle”, apparently a transitive or causative variant of G. gal- “shine (golden)” (GL/37).

lalt

noun. dance

A noun appearing as G. lalt “a dance” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/52), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√LḶTḶ “dance” (QL/55), probably with [[g|long syllabic [ḹ] becoming [al]]].

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would adapt this word as ᴺS. lilt for better compatibility with the later root ᴹ√LILT “dance”, as suggested by Fiona Jallings.

laltha-

verb. to dance

A word appearing as G. laltha- “to dance” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a verb form of G. lalt “a dance” (GL/52).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would adapt this word as ᴺS. liltha- for better compatibility with the later root ᴹ√LILT “dance”.

Middle Primitive Elvish

lilt

root. dance

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “dance” with derivative ᴹQ. lilta- of the same meaning (Ety/LILT). It is a later iteration of ᴱ√LḶTḶ “dance” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with both Qenya and Gnomish derivatives like ᴱQ. lilt and G. lalt “dance” (QL/55; GL/52).

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LILT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

lḷt-

verb. to dance

Early Primitive Elvish [PE14/058] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lḷtḷ

root. dance

Early Primitive Elvish [QL/055] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

lalta

noun. dance

lilt

noun. dance

A noun appearing in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s as ᴱQ. lilt “a dance” based on the early root ᴱ√LḶTḶ (QL/55), where [[eq|short syllabic [ḷ] became [il]]] (PE12/11). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, the noun form was lalta, probably with [[eq|long syllabic [ḹ] becoming [al]]] (PE15/71).

Neo-Quenya: I would adapt this noun as ᴺQ. liltë “dance”, based on the later root ᴹ√LILT “dance” (Ety/LILT).

Early Quenya [PE15/71; PME/055; QL/055; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lilt-

verb. to dance

Early Quenya [PE14/058; PE15/71; QL/055] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tantare

noun. dance

A word for “dance” in the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, a noun form of ᴱQ. tanta- “dance” (PE15/71). The same noun appeared various times in the contemporaneous Early Qenya Grammar (PE14/42-44, 71, 73).

Early Quenya [PE14/042; PE14/043; PE14/044; PE14/071; PE14/073; PE15/71] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tunda-

verb. to kindle

A verb in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “kindle” with variants tunda- and turu- (the latter marked † as archaic), appearing under the early root ᴱ√TUŘU [TUÐU] of the same meaning (QL/96).

Early Quenya [LT1A/Turuhalmë; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

turu-

verb. to kindle