pl1. sín {ī}_ dem. pron. _this.
Sindarin
sen
pronoun. this
sen
adjective. this
sen
pronoun. this
sennas iaur
place name. Old Guesthouse
send
noun. ?rest
sennas
noun. guesthouse
sennui
adverb. ?rather, instead
send
noun. (?) rest
senn
noun. (?) rest
sennas
noun. guesthouse
sennui
adverb. (?) rather, (?) instead (used as an adverb?)
esten
adjective. thenna
adj. Q. thenna, senna. >> thenn
sen
this
*sen, lenited hen. Only attested in lenited pl. form hin* (unlenited sin) ”these” in the Moria Gate inscription (i thiw hin**, ”these letters”).
sen
this
lenited hen. Only attested in lenited pl. form hin (unlenited ✱sin) ”these” in the Moria Gate inscription (i thiw hin, ”these letters”).
sein
adjective. usual
@@@ should perhaps be sain
send
grey-elf
#send (i hend, o send, construct sen) _(probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda)_, pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim.
send
sinda
#send (i hend, o send, construct sen) _(probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda)_, pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form) = Quenya Sindar. As coll. pl. also Thindrim (VT41:9). The Sindar could also be called Eluwaith (e.g. _Elu-_people, the subjects of Elu Thingol: Elu + gwaith); this word was maybe only used in the First Age when Thingol was alive. The Sindar called themselves ELVES; see under FORSAKEN.
send
sinda
(i hend, o send, construct sen) (probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda), pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form) = Quenya Sindar. As coll. pl. also Thindrim (VT41:9). The Sindar could also be called Eluwaith (e.g. Elu-people, the subjects of Elu Thingol: Elu + gwaith); this word was maybe only used in the First Age when Thingol was alive. The Sindar called themselves
send
grey-elf (sinda)
#send (i hend, o send, construct sen) _(probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda)_, pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form). FORSAKEN ELVES (the Sindar in Beleriand), see FORSAKEN.
send
grey-elf
(i hend, o send, construct sen) (probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda), pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form).
senc
noun/adjective. mineral-like, flinty; flint
A neologism for an adjective “mineral-like, flinty” and a noun “flint” coined by Paul Strack in 2019 specifically for Eldamo (with the noun sense added in 2021), the equivalent of Q. sinca “flint”, where the i became e via a-affection. It is derived from an adjective form of primitive ✶sinki, which may mean “mineral”; see that entry for details.
sennas
guesthouse
(i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)
sennas
guesthouse
sennas (i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)
sennas
guesthouse
sennas (i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)
sennui
rather
sennui (instead) (SD:128-31)
sennui
instead
sennui (rather) (SD:128-31)
se
pronoun. this
sennui
rather
(instead) (SD:128-31)
sennui
instead
(rather) (SD:128-31)
baudh
sentence
(juridical) baudh (judgement) (i vaudh), pl. boedh (i moedh)
baudh
sentence
(judgement) (i vaudh), pl. boedh (i moedh)
caweth
noun. sense of taste, taste, judgement
gwabeth
noun. sentence, phrase
noen
sensible
noen (wise). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be ?nain for older ?nein.
noen
sensible
(wise). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be ?nain for older ?nein.
pethas
noun. sentence, phrase
felf
noun. feeling, sensation
menna-
verb. to send, (lit.) make go
lortha-
verb. to put to sleep, send to sleep
nosta-
5iH1`C verb. to notice, perceive, sense, smell
Cognate of Q. nusta-.
thenn
thenna
adj. Q. thenna, senna. >> esten
noen
wise
(sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein.
sael
wise
1) sael (lenited hael; no distinct pl. form), 2) noen (sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein. 3)
e
pronoun. he
thent
adjective. short
Thend
Grey-Elf
pl2. thendrim, thennath n. #Grey-Elf. Tolkien notes that in the plural forms "The e is analogical from (rare) sg. thend" (PE17:141).
an
preposition. to, towards, for
With suffixed article and elision in aglar'ni Pheriannath
an
to
_ prep. _to, for. naur an edraith ammen! 'fire [be] for rescue/saving for us'. aglar an|i Pheriannath 'glory to all the Halflings'.
aned
give
anha-
verb. to give
anno
verb. give!
caran
adjective. red
caran
red
_ adj. _red, ruddy. >> Caradhras
caran
adjective. red
e
pronoun. he
The meaning "he" is deduced from the apparent function of this word in the so-called "King's Letter", but it also seems possible to interpret it as "indeed" (as in Q. e, LR/63, VT/45:11), used here in a way of formal address expressing the wishes or the will of the King
edhel
noun. Elf
einior
adjective. elder
einior
adjective. elder
eledh
noun. Elf
elen
noun. Elf
ell
noun. Elf
ena
usually
pl. enan** ** poss. art. usually, esp. later reduced to en before vowel (not when g was lost), na before consonant. Plural is enan > enn/, nan. >> na
esten(t)
adjective. short
estent
adjective. (very?) short
The slash sign in minlamad thent/estent might indicate either variant forms of an adjective, or a sequence of two short verse units, possibly of alliterating half-lines, see Tolkien's Legendarium p. 122
faer
noun. spirit
gaer
adjective. red, copper-coloured, ruddy
hen
pronoun. this
pl1. hin _ dem. pron. _this.
hên
noun. child (mostly used as a prefix in patronymics or metronymics)
hên
noun. child
A word for “child” derived from the root √KHIN, more specifically from ✶khinā with short i which became e in Sindarin due to a-affection (WJ/403). It often appeared in its mutated plural form chîn in phrases like Narn i Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” (WJ/160). This is pronounced with spirantal “ch” as in German Bach, not affricate “ch” as in English “church”.
Christopher Tolkien made the editorial decision to render this plural form as Hîn in The Silmarillion as published as well as in Unfinished Tales, where it “was improperly changed by me [Christopher Tolkien] to Narn i Hîn Húrin ... because I did not want Chîn to be pronounced like Modern English chin” (LR/322). It seems Tolkien himself had similar concerns, as he sometimes rendered its Quenya cognate as sén, which would have Sindarin forms ✱sên “child” and ✱i hîn “the children”. However, Tolkien’s motive was probably a desire to retain the early (originally Adûniac) form Ad. Eruhîn “Children of God”, which in Sindarin otherwise became Eruchîn (LB/354).
hû
spirit
_ n. _spirit, shadow.
leithian
noun. release, freeing, release from bondage
na
to
e _ prep. _to, towards (of spacetime). n' before vowels. >> nan 2
na
preposition. to
prep. to Na-chaered palan-díriel lit. "To-distance (remote) after-gazing" >> na-chaered, nan 2
penedh
noun. Elf
rhosc
adjective. russet, russet, [N.] brown
ruin
adjective. (fiery) red
sael
adjective. wise
sael
adjective. wise
sui
conjunction. as, like
then
adjective. short
thenn
adjective. short
thenn
Grey-Elf
pl1. thinn n. Grey-Elf. Q. thinda, sinda. The form thinn is given with a dagger, indicating an archaic or poetical form.
thennes
noun. Grey-Elf
fem. n. Grey-Elf. >> -es
thenneth
noun. Grey-Elf
fem. n. Grey-Elf. >> -eth
thennon
noun. Grey-Elf
pl1. thennyn masc. n. Grey-Elf. Note the rule on the same page stating that the ending was "after n -or". >> -on
thennor
noun. Grey-Elf
pl1. thennyr masc. n. Grey-Elf.
thent
adjective. short
thind
Grey-Elf
pl2. thindrim n. #Grey-Elf.
thindeth
noun. Grey-Elf
fem. n. #Grey-Elf. >> -eth
thindon
noun. Grey-Elf
masc. n. #Grey-Elf. >> -on
thinedh
noun. Grey-Elf
{ð} fem. n. #Grey-Elf. >> -eth
thinidh
Grey-Elf
pl2. thinidhrim {ð} n. #Grey-Elf.
thinidhes
noun. Grey-Elf
{ð} fem. n. #Grey-Elf.
ti
pronoun. them
îdh
noun. rest, repose
Ēd
noun. Rest
Dor. Rest
adab
house
(building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb.
adleitha
release
(verb, = "to free") adleitha- (i adleitha, in adleithar); also adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin). RELEASE (noun) 1) adleithian, pl. adleithiain, 2) leithian (freeing), pl. leithiain
adleitha
release
(i adleitha, in adleithar); also adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).
adleithian
release
pl. adleithiain
an
to
(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
to
(adverbial prefix) an-. 3)
anna
give
anna- (i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
anna
give
(i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
avar
non-eldarin elf
pl. Evair, also called
be
as
(like, according to). Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salo’s reconstruction)
be
like
(as, according to) Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salo’s reconstruction)
born
red
(hot), lenited vorn, pl. byrn
bâr
house
bâr (dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
bâr
house
(dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
calben
elf of the great journey
(i galben, o chalben), pl. celbin (i chelbin).
car
house
(building, dwelling-place) 1) car or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity. 2) adab (building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb. 3)
car
house
or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity.
caran
red
1) caran (lenited garan, pl. cerain). Also carn (lenited garn, pl. cern), 2) coll (scarlet), lenited goll, pl. cyll (VT45:15, 24). Note: homophones mean "hollow" and also "cloak". 3) born (hot), lenited vorn, pl. byrn, 4) (fiery red) naru (analogical pl. nery). The archaic fom narw is also listed (LR:374 s.v. _NAR_1). 5) rhosc (russet, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhysc. Cf. also
caran
red
(lenited garan, pl. cerain). Also carn (lenited garn, pl. cern)
cened
sight
#cened (i gened) (seeing), pl. cenid (i chenid) if there is a pl. Isolated from cenedril, see MIRROR.
cened
sight
(i gened) (seeing), pl. cenid (i chenid) if there is a pl. Isolated from cenedril, see
coll
red
(scarlet), lenited goll, pl. cyll (VT45:15, 24). Note: homophones mean "hollow" and also "cloak".
crann
ruddy
(lenited grann, pl. crain).
dúnedhel
elf of beleriand
(i Núnedhel), pl. *Dúnedhil*** (i Ndúnedhil*). (WJ:378, 386)*
e
he
1) e (SD:128-31), 2) ho, hon, hono. (The distinctions between these forms are unclear. Possibly ho is the nominative ”he”, whereas hon is the accusative ”him”. Hono could be an emphatic form. It may be that all of these pronouns, except e, are ”Noldorin” and were not maintained in Sindarin proper.)
e
he
(SD:128-31)
edhel
elf
(pl. edhil). Coll. pl. Edhelrim (or Edhellim) (UT:318). Also †eledh, pl. elidh, coll. pl. eledhrim (Letters:281), also elen, pl. elin, also with coll. pl. eledhrim (elen + rim with the regular change nr > dhr). (WJ:363, 377-78; the shorter coll. pl. Eldrim > *Elrim*** may also occur). But since elin** also means "stars", other terms for "Elf" may be preferred.
edhelharn
elf-stone
(pl. edhelhern) (SD:128-31).
einior
elder
einior (pl. einioer). Archaic *einiaur.
einior
elder
(pl. einioer). Archaic ✱einiaur.
elleth
elf-woman
(pl. ellith) (WJ:363-64, 377)
ellon
elf-man
(pl. ellyn)
elvellon
elf-friend
(pl. elvellyn, coll. pl. elvellonnath (WJ:412);
eruchen
children of the one
)
fae
spirit
1) fae (soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form. 2) faer (radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)
fae
spirit
(soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form.
faer
spirit
(radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)
gaer
red, reddish
(copper-coloured, ruddy); lenited ’aear; no distinct pl. form. (This is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” goer.) Note: homophones mean "dreadful, awful, fearful; holy" and also "sea".
gobel
village
(i ’obel) (enclosed dwelling, ”town”), pl. gebil (i ngebil = i ñebil). Archaic pl. ✱göbil.
golu
secret lore
(i ngolu = i ñolu, o n’golu = o ñgolu), analogical pl. gely (in gely = i ñgely) if there is a pl. Archaic golw, hence golwath as the likely coll. pl.****
gwanwel
elf of aman
(”departed” Elf), pl. gwenwil (in gwenwil), coll. pl. gwanwellath. (WJ:378) Also gwanwen; see
had
hurl
had- (i châd, i chedir), pa.t. hant, with endings hanni- as in hennin *”I hurled”.
had
hurl
(i châd, i chedir), pa.t. hant, with endings hanni- as in hennin ✱”
hain
them
hain (of inanimates) One entry in the Etymologies ( LR:385 s.v. S-) may be taken as implying that the pronouns ”they” (and ”them”?) are hein of inanimates, hîn of women and huin of men. For ”Noldorin” hein and huin we may have to read hain and hŷn, respectively, in Third Age Sindarin.
hain
them
(of inanimates) One entry in the Etymologies ( LR:385 s.v. S-) may be taken as implying that the pronouns ”they” (and ”them”?) are hein of inanimates, hîn of women and huin of men. For ”Noldorin” hein and huin we may have to read hain and hŷn, respectively, in Third Age Sindarin.
haust
resting
: this is the etymological meaning of the word for ”bed” (haust); see BED.
haust
resting
); see BED.
ho
he
hon, hono. *(The distinctions between these forms are unclear. Possibly ho is the nominative ”he”, whereas hon is the accusative ”him”. Hono could be an emphatic form. It may be that all of these pronouns, except e, are ”Noldorin” and were not maintained in Sindarin proper.)*
hên
child
hên (i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). _(WJ:403) _CHILDREN OF THE ONE (Elves and Men as children of God) Eruchín** **(sg. *Eruchen)
hên
child
(i chên), pl. hîn (i chîn); also -chen, pl. -chín at the end of compounds (e.g. Eruchín ”Children of Eru”). (WJ:403)
hûr
fiery spirit
(i chûr, o chûr, construct hur) (readiness for action, vigour), pl. huir (i chuir) if there is a pl.
idhren
wise
idhren (pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic *gölwin)
idhren
wise
(pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic ✱gölwin)
ist
lore
ist (knowledge); no distinct pl. form.
ist
lore
(knowledge); no distinct pl. form.
laegel
green-elf
pl. laegil; coll. pl. laegrim or laegeldrim (WJ:385). These forms from a late source would seem to supersede the ”N” forms listed in LR:368 s.v. LÁYAK: *Lhoebenidh* or *Lhoebelidh*. The Green-elves of Beleriand were also called Lindel (pl. Lindil), also Lindedhel (pl. Lindedhil) *(WJ:385)*.
lefn
elf left behind
pl. lifn.
leithian
release
(freeing), pl. leithiain
miniel
first elf
(i Viniel), pl. Mínil (i Mínil), coll. pl. Miniellath. (WJ:383)
mornedhel
dark elf
(i Vornedhel), pl. Mornedhil (i Mornedhil). Conceivably the entire word could be umlauted in the pl.: ?Mernedhil. **(WJ:409) Another term for ”Dark Elf” is Dúredhel (i Dhúredhel), pl. Dúredhil (i Núredhil**).
naru
red
(analogical pl. nery). The archaic fom narw is also listed (LR:374 s.v. NAR1).
noss
house
(family) 1) noss (construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan), 2) nost (pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360), 3) nothrim (family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)
noss
house
(construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan)
nost
house
(pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360)
nothrim
house
(family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)
nuitha
stop short
(i nuitha, in nuithar) (prevent from coming to completion; stunt; not allow to continue) (WJ:413)
peredhel
half-elf
(pl. peredhil) (PM:256, 348).
rhosc
red
(russet, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc *(the lenition product of rh is uncertain)*, pl. rhysc. Cf. also
rhosc
russet
rhosc (red, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhysc
rhosc
russet
(red, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc *(the lenition product of rh is uncertain)*, pl. rhysc
sael
wise
(lenited hael; no distinct pl. form)
sui
as
1) prep. “like, as”) sui (VT44:23), 2) (prep.) be (like, according to). Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salos reconstruction)
sui
as
(VT44:23)
sui
like
(prep. ”as, like”) 1) sui (VT44:23), 2) #be (as, according to) Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salos reconstruction)
sui
like
(VT44:23)
thent
short
thent (pl. thint), also ?estent (pl. estint).
thent
short
(pl. thint), also ?estent (pl. estint).
thinnas
shortness
(also used for a “breve”, a mark indicating that a vowel is short). Verb
tin
pronoun. them
tisg
adjective. ticklish
@@@ root inversion
îdh
rest
_(noun) _1) îdh (repose), no distinct pl. form even if there could be a pl. 2) post (i bost, o phost) (pause, halt, cessation, respite), pl. pyst (i physt),
This demonstrative adjective is probably enclitic. We have suggested that this possibility could perhaps explain why the mutated form of tîw on the Doors of Durin is thiw instead of the expected thîw, see HL/69