-es

ending referring to persons or animals used after dh [= ð]

pl1. -is suff. fem. ending referring to persons or animals used after dh [= ð], th. >> -eth, -on

-eth

suffix. feminine ending

Cognates

• Q. -issë “ending in feminine names” ✧ PM/345

Derivations

• ✶-ittā “ending in feminine names” ✧ PM/345

Element in

• S. adaneth “(mortal) woman”
• S. Astoreth
• S. Firieth “(Female) Mortal” ✧ WJ/387
• S. Ioreth “Old Woman” ✧ RC/579
• S. Íreth ✧ PM/345
• S. Núneth
• S. Thenneth “*Grey-Elf (f.)” ✧ PE17/141

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶-ittā > -eth	[-ittā] > [-itta] > [-ittʰa] > [-iθθa] > [-eθθa] > [-eθθ] > [-eθ]	✧ PM/345

Variations

• -es ✧ PE17/141
• eth ✧ RC/579

-ien

suffix. feminine ending

An occasional feminine suffix in Sindarin, in one place given as a feminine patronymic (PE17/170) as in the name Lúthien “Daughter of Flowers” (PE17/15, 161). See the entry on the root √YE(L) for a discussion of conceptual vacillations on its connection to “daughter”.

Conceptual Development: In Noldorin it seems N. -ien was simply a feminine suffix in the name N. Lhúthien “Enchantress” (Ety/LUK).

Cognates

• Q. -ien “feminine ending; feminine patronymic, -daughter” ✧ PE17/170

Derivations

• ✶-(i)ondo ✧ PE17/170
  • √YON “son”

Element in

• S. Erien
• S. Lúthien “Daughter of Flowers”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶(ĭ)ondī > -ien	[-iondī] > [-iondi] > [-iœndi] > [-iœnd] > [-iœnn] > [-ienn] > [-ien]	✧ PE17/170

-ien Reconstructed

suffix. feminine ending

Cognates

• Ilk. -ien “element in female names”

Element in

• N. Lhúthien “Enchantress”