rain (wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” (VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)
Sindarin
rain
noun. erratic wandering
rain
noun. erratic wandering
rain
noun. border
lain
adjective. free, freed
rein
noun. erratic wandering
edrain
noun. border
rain
adjective. free, *unconstrained
rain
free
rain
wandering
rain (erratic, free). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border”. (VT46:10)
rain
border
(noun) rain; no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rain). Note: the adj. ”erratic, wandering” is a homophone of rain.
rain
border
; no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rain). Note: the adj. ”erratic, wandering” is a homophone of rain.
rain
erratic
rain (wandering, free). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border”. (VT46:10)
rain
noun. border
rain
wandering
(erratic, free). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border”. (VT46:10)
rain
erratic
(wandering, free). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border”. (VT46:10)
rain
free
(wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” *(VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)*
ross
noun. rain
celebros
place name. Silver Foam, Silver Rain
A stream in Beleriand (S/220), translated “Silver Foam” (SM/313) or “Silver Rain” (LR/140; Ety/ROS¹). This name is a combination of celeb “silver” and ross “foam” (SA/celeb, ros), so a more literal translation would be “Foam-silver” (WJ/151).
Conceptual Development: In early Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name was once briefly written N. Celebrindon “Silver Bowl” (SM/313), but it mostly appeared in the form N. Celebros (SM/131, 313; LR/140). At its first appearance, its translation was already “Foam-silver” (SM/131), and it retained essentially the same meaning thereafter. This name also appeared in The Etymologies, which is the source of the derivation given above (Ety/ROS¹).
ross
noun. rain; spindrift, spray, foam, rain; spray, spindrift, foam
The best known Sindarin word for “rain” (MR/155; Ety/ROS¹), also used for “spindrift, spray” (PM/368) and “foam” (PE17/121), derived from the root √ROS (PM/368).
Conceptual Development: The earliest precursor to this word may be G. {nôs >>} G. noss or noth “rain” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/60), likely derived from the early root ᴱ√NOSO or ᴱ√NOTO which had Qenya derivatives of similar meaning (QL/67). The Etymologies of the 1930s instead had N. rhoss “rain” derived from the root ᴹ√ROS “distil, drip” (Ety/ROS¹), as seen in names from this period such as N. Celebros “Silver-rain” (Ety/ROS¹; LR/140), N. Silivros “Glimmering Rain” (Ety/ROS¹; LR/210), and N. Rauros “Rush-rain, Roar-rain” (TI/285).
In later writings Tolkien began to translate S. ross as “foam”, in names like S. Cair Andros “Ship of Long Foam” (LotR/1115; PM/371), S. Elros “Star-foam” (PM/349; Let/448) and S. Celebros “Foam-silver” (WJ/151). This word and its root gave Tolkien considerable difficulty, and in a 1968 essay labeled The Problem of Ros (PM/367-371), Tolkien first gave their meaning as “spray, spindrift”, but then explored the possibility that they were instead loan words from Bëorian. However, he was forced to abandon this line of reasoning when he remembered that S. Andros “Long-foam” has appeared in The Lord of the Rings appendices as a Sindarin word.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use the noun ross mainly with the sense “rain”. I would use gwing for “foam, spindrift”. However, to preserve words like Cair Andros, I would also allow the use of ross for any more or less continuous “spray of water”, such as with waterfalls as indicated by the name Rauros “Roaring Spray” (RC/327).
silivros
proper name. Sparkling Rain
Another name for Silpion translated “Sparkling Rain” (MR/155), a combination of archaic †silif “silver (light)” and ross “spray; rain”.
Conceptual Development: The name N. Silivros appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s translated “Glimmering Rain” (LR/210) and also in The Etymologies, which is the source of the derivation above (Ety/ROS¹, SIL). It appeared in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (MR/155) but not in the published version of The Silmarillion.
Celebros
noun. silver foam, silver rain
celeb (“silver”) + ros (“foam, rain”) The original form of ros is probably ross, with the final s dropped at the end of a polysyllable [HKF].
galadlóriel
proper name. Golden Rain, (lit.) Golden Tree
A Sindarin name for Q. Laurelin appearing in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s but not the published Silmarillion (MR/155). It is a combination of galadh “tree” and glóriel “golden” (Ety/GALAD, Ety/LÁWAR).
Conceptual Development: The name N. Galadlóriel appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/210). In The Etymologies, N. Galadloriel appeared with a short o, had the derivation given above and appeared beside a variant form N. Galagloriel (Ety/GALAD, Ety/LÁWAR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, N. Galagloriel was translated “Golden Rain”, but as Christopher Tolkien pointed out, this was not its actual meaning (RS/187).
lain
free, freed
; no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”thread”.
edrain
border
edrain (no distinct pl. form)
edrain
border
(no distinct pl. form)
eilia
rain
(vb.) eilia-, impersonal 3rd singular uil "it rains". (In ”Noldorin”, the impersonal form was "oeil" = öil, later eil.)
eilia
rain
impersonal 3rd singular uil "it rains". (In ”Noldorin”, the impersonal form was "oeil" = öil, later eil.)
ross
rain
ross (construct ros) (foam, dew, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss). (Letters:282) Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”.
ross
rain
(construct ros) (foam, dew, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss). (Letters:282) Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”.
mîdh
noun. dew, dew, *moisture, damp(ness); [ᴱN.] mist, drizzle
A Sindarin word for “dew” given as míð in the Outline of Phonology (OP2) from the 1950s as a derivative of ✶mizdē “drizzle” (PE19/101), illustrating how [[os|[z] vanished before [d] lengthening preceding vowel]] in (Old) Sindarin.
Conceptual Development: N. mîdh “dew” also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, already with the same derivation as given above (Ety/MIZD), though Tolkien first wrote its gloss as “fine rain” (EtyAC/MIZD). This deleted gloss seems to be a remnant of ᴱN. midh “mist, drizzle” from Early Noldorin Word-lists, but there its primitive form was ᴱ✶míye (PE13/150).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would extend the meaning of this word to include “✱moisture, damp(ness)” in general, especially as the result of a previous rain.
nítha-
verb. to snow, hail, rain
uil-
verb. to rain
gwing
foam
1) gwing (i **wing) (spindrift, spume, spray blown off wave-tops), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwing), 2) ross (construct ros) (rain, dew, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss) (Letters:282). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”, 3) falf (breaker), pl. felf, coll. pl. falvath**
mîdh
dew
1) mîdh (i vîdh, construct midh), no distinct form in pl. except with article (i mîdh), 2) ross (construct ros) (foam, rain, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss). (Letters:282) Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”.
ross
dew
(construct ros) (foam, rain, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss). (Letters:282) Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”.
edinor
noun. anniversary day
hross
noun. foam
n. foam. >> ross
limp
adjective. wet
loen
adjective. soaking wet, swamped
mîdh
noun. dew
dew
nîn
adjective. wet, watery
nîn
wet
_ adj. _wet. Q. nenya. >> Nindalf
ross
noun. foam
n. foam. >> hross
adleitha
free
(i adleitha, in adleithar), also †adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).
faltha
foam
(verb) faltha- (i faltha, i falthar)
glosta-
verb. to snow
A neologism for “to snow” coined by Fiona Jallings, based on the root √(G)LOS “snow, whiteness”.
glân
border
glân (i **lân, construct glan) (hem), pl. glain (in glain**) (VT42:8) Note: a homophone means ”white, claer”.
glân
border
(i ’lân, construct glan) (hem), pl. glain (in glain) (VT42:8) Note: a homophone means ”white, claer”.
leitha
set free
(i leitha, i leithar)
limp
adjective. wet
limp
wet
(no distinct pl. form).
loen
soaking wet
(swamped), no distinct pl. form.
mesc
wet
1) mesc (lenited vesc, pl. misc). Also spelt mesg. 2) limp (no distinct pl. form). 3)
mesc
wet
(lenited vesc, pl. misc). Also spelt mesg.
mîdh
dew
(i vîdh, construct midh), no distinct form in pl. except with article (i mîdh)
nîd
wet
nîd (damp, tearful); no distinct pl. form. 4) nîn (watery); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”.
nîd
wet
(damp, tearful); no distinct pl. form. 4) nîn (watery); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”.
rîw
border
*rîw (construct riw) (hem, edge), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rîw). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhîf.
rîw
border
(construct riw) (hem, edge), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rîw). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” rhîf.
A word for “erratic wandering” appearing in notes on The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor from 1967-69, derived from √RAN “wander, stray, meander” and an element in the river name Gilrain “✱Wandering Star” (VT42/13). See also ᴺS. rain “free, ✱unconstrained” [N. rhain] for another (adjectival) meaning for this word.