(above), with article erin ”on the” (followed by ”mixed mutation” according to David Salo’s reconstructions). Erin represents archaic örin.
Sindarin
ont
adverb/adjective. no, none
bo
preposition. on
erin
preposition. on the
or
on
or
on
po
on
po (lenited bo) (VT44:23)
po
on
(lenited bo) (VT44:23)
gú
no, not
also ú
baw!
no
! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix
baw!
no
(don’t!) Prefix
-deid
suffix. his
-deith
suffix. his
-dhol
head
_ suff. _head (often applied to hills or mountains that had _not _a sharp apex). >> Fanuidhol
-dyn
suffix. his
baw
interjection. no, don't!
di
preposition. with
_ prep. _with. Q. lé.
di
preposition. with
dol
noun. head
dol
noun. hill or mountain
dol
head
doll
head
dúnad
noun. descent
A word for “descent” in notes from 1968 in the name Dúnad in Gyrth “Descent of the Dead” (NM/364). It is clearly based on √NDU “down; descend”.
emel
noun. mother
emel
noun. mother
A word for “mother” in notes on Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, along with a diminutive form emelig (VT48/17 note #13). These forms were struck through and replaced by emig as the proper diminutive form from the root √EM (VT48/6), but that doesn’t necessarily invalidate emel = “mother”, which appeared elsewhere as (probably primitive) emel, emer in rough versions of these notes (VT48/19 note #16). These Sindarin forms are unusual in that the medial m did not become v, which means the primitive form was likely based on ✱emm- as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT48/17 note #14).
Conceptual Development: G. amil “mother” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s along with rejected forms {anwin, amril} and an archaic variant †amaith (GL/19). The forms {emaith >>} amaith appeared unglossed in Gnomish Lexicon Slips revising that document (PE13/109). In The Etymologies of the 1930s there was a form N. †emil for “mother” under the root ᴹ√AM of the same meaning, but Tolkien said this word was archaic, apparently replaced by N. naneth (Ety/AM¹; EtyAC/AM¹). With N. emil, the a became e via i-affection, but the medial m failing to become v requires an explanation similar to that of 1960s S. emel.
Neo-Sindarin: I generally prefer derivatives of the earlier root √AM for “mother” words in Quenya, but in the case of Sindarin, I find emel and emig from √EM to be better and more widely accepted.
emig
noun. "litte mother"
emig
noun. index finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)
emmel
noun. mother
na
preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)
na
preposition. to, towards, at
neth
noun. sister
neth
noun. girl (in her teens, approaching the adult)
nethel
noun. sister
A word for “sister” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √NETH of similar meaning and replacing the archaic form of the word †nîth (VT47/12, 14). The diminutive/affectionate form nethig “[little] sister” was used as a play name for the fourth finger (VT48/6); Tolkien considered an alternate diminutive netheg (VT47/14, 32) and also considered giving this diminutive an alternate meaning “little girl” (VT47/15, 33); see S. neth for discussion.
Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. thêl “sister” from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES (Ety/THEL), and the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. hethir “sister” from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE] (GL/48; QL/40). See those entries for discussion.
nethig
noun. "litte sister"
First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion
nethig
noun. ring finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)
First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion
nîth
noun. sister
nîth
noun. sister
onna-
verb. to beget
tîn
adjective. his
tîn
pronoun. his
Non-lenited form suggested by Carl Hostetter (VT31/21).
în
adjective. his (referring to the subject)
ú
prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)
û
interjection. no
adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).
dôl
head
dôl (i dhôl, construct dol) (hill), pl. dŷl (i nŷl). Note: In the Etymologies, this word was derived from a root with initial nd- (NDOL), which would make the mutations different (i nôl, pl. i ndŷl). However, the later name Fanuidhol "Cloudyhead" apparently indicates that the lenited form of this d was later to be dh (whereas it would be n if the former derivation had been maintained).
dôl
head
(i dhôl, construct dol) (hill), pl. dŷl (i nŷl). Note: In the Etymologies, this word was derived from a root with initial nd- (NDOL), which would make the mutations different (i nôl, pl. i ndŷl). However, the later name Fanuidhol "Cloudyhead" apparently indicates that the lenited form of this d was later to be dh (whereas it would be n if the former derivation had been maintained).****
emig
little mother
(no distinct pl. form except with article: in emig). Also used (in children’s play) as a name for the index finger (VT48:6, 17)
illad
noun. everything
ilnad
pronoun. everything
na
with
(in instrumental sense?) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
with
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
naneth
mother
naneth (pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)
naneth
mother
(pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)
neth
sister
1) neth (also used = ”girl”). (VT47:14-16, 33; VT48:6), pl. nith. Notice the homophone neth ”young”. Also nîth (no distinct pl. form though the plural article with show pluarlity when the noun is definite: in nîth) (VT47:14). 2) gwathel (i **wathel), pl. gwethil (in gwethil). 3) muinthel (i vuinthel), pl. muinthil (i muinthil), more usual than the shorter form thêl (stem thele-), pl. theli. In “Noldorin”, the pl. was thelei** (LR:392 s.v. THEL).
odh(o)r
noun. parent (gender neutral)
A neologism for a gender-neutral term for “parent” coined by Luinyelle posted on 2025-06-03 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), derived from primitive ᴹ✶onrō. Luinyelle suggested it would be used mostly in its plural form edhyr “parents” referring to both a mother and father (or other pair of parents).
odhril
parent
1) (fem.) odhril (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. odhrillath. 2) (male) odhron (pl. edhryn for archaic ödhryn; coll. pl. odhronnath):
odhril
parent
(no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. odhrillath.
odhron
parent
(pl. edhryn for archaic ödhryn; coll. pl. odhronnath)
onna
beget
onna- (i onna, in onnar), also prefixed edonna- (i edonna, in edonnar), passive participle ?edonnen.
onna
beget
(i onna, in onnar), also prefixed edonna- (i edonna, in edonnar), passive participle ?edonnen.
tín
his
*tín (only attested in lenited form dín, following a noun with article). Possibly, the word also covers ”her(s)” and ”its” as a general 3rd person form. If ”his” refers to the same person as the subject, the form ín* is used instead (e.g. i venn sunc i haw ín** ”the man drank his (own) juice”, but *i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his (somebody elses) juice”.
tín
his
(only attested in lenited form dín, following a noun with article). Possibly, the word also covers ”her(s)” and ”its” as a general 3rd person form. If ”his” refers to the same person as the subject, the form ín is used instead (e.g. ✱i venn sunc i haw ín ”the man drank his (own) juice”, but ✱i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his (somebody else’s) juice”.
ín
his
(pronoun referring to the subject, e.g. ✱i venn sunc i haw ín ”the man drank his [own] juice”, as opposed to ✱i venn sunc i haw dín ”the man drank his [= another’s] juice”)
(prep.) 1) or (above), with article erin ”on the” (followed by ”mixed mutation” according to David Salos reconstructions). Erin represents archaic örin. 2)