lómin

shade, shadow

lómin noun "shade, shadow" (LT1:255)

lóminórë

place name. *Echoing Land

Quenya name of Dor-lómin (WJ/145). It is probably a combination of the North Sindarin word NS. lómin “echoing” with Q. nórë “land”. The Quenya word for “echoing” is elsewhere given as [ᴹQ.] lámina (Ety/LAM).

lómë

dusk, twilight

lómë noun "dusk, twilight", also "night"; according to SD:415, the stem is lómi- (contrast the "Qenya" genitive lómen rather than **lómin in VT45:28). According to PE17:152, lómë refers to night "when viewed favourably, as a rule, but it became the general rule" (cf. SD:414-415 regarding lōmi as an Adûnaic loan-word based on lómë, meaning "fair night, a night of stars" with "no connotations of gloom or fear"). In the battle-cry auta i lómë "the night is passing" (Silm. ch. 20), the "night" would however seem to refer metaphorically to the reign of Morgoth. As for the gloss, cf. Lómion masc. name "Child of Twilight [dusk]", the Quenya name Aredhel secretly gave to Maeglin _(SA). Otherwise lómë is usually defined as "night" (Letters:308, LR:41, SD:302 cf.414-15, SA:dú)_; the _Etymologies defines lómë as "Night [as phenomenon], night-time, shades of night, Dark" (DO3/DŌ, LUM, DOMO, VT45:28), or "night-light" (VT45:28, reading of _lómë uncertain). In early "Qenya" the gloss was "dusk, gloom, darkness" (LT1:255). Cf. lómelindëpl. lómelindi "nightingale" _(SA:dú, LR:41; SD:302, MR:172, DO3/DŌ, LIN2, TIN). _Derived adjective #lómëa "gloomy" in Lómëanor "Gloomyland"; see Taurelilómëa-tumbalemorna...

histë

dusk

histë noun "dusk" (LT1:255)

hísë

dusk

hísë (2) noun "dusk" (LT1:255). A "Qenya" form possibly obsoleted by #1 above.

laimë

shade

laimë noun "shade" (DAY; in an earlier version the gloss was "shadow (cast by an object or form)"; see VT45:8-9. Perhaps Tolkien transferred this meaning to lëo when giving laimë the more general meaning "shade".)

laira

shady

laira adj. "shady" (DAY)

lámina

echoing

lámina adj. "echoing" (LAM)

lëo

shade, shadow cast by any object

lëo noun "shade, shadow cast by any object" (DAY)

usque

noun. dusk

dusk

usque

noun. dusk, twilight

lómin

adjective. echoing

ered lómin

place name. Echoing Mountains

The mountains to the east of Hithlum translated “Echoing Mountains” (S/118), a combination of the plural of orod “mountain” and NS. lómin “echoing” (SA/lóm). This name must be in the North Sindarin dialect, since in ordinary (West) Sindarin word for “echoing” was S. loven (PE17/133).

Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name first appeared as Eryd-Lómin with the meaning “Mountains of Shadow” (SM/139, 296), with the second element a remnant of G. lómin “shadowy”. This name was generally revised to Eredwethion “Shadowy Mountains” (SM/140, 221), while the name Eredlómin was repurposed for the “Echoing Mountains” (SM/268, LR/259).

Since the adjective lómin no longer fit Noldorin phonology, Tolkien explained it as a loan word from Ilk. lómen “echoing”, adapted from the name Ilk. Lóminorthin (Ety/LAM). After Tolkien abandoned the Ilkorin language, he formulated the new derivation from the North Sindarin dialect, as noted above.

Lóminorthin

noun. echoing mountains (pure Dor. of Ered Lómin)

lómin (pl. of Dor.lómen “echoing”) + orthin (pl. of Dor. orth “mountain”)

dorloven

place name. *Echoing Land

The ordinary Sindarin form of Dor-lómin, which was itself a name in the North Sindarin dialect (PE17/133). This name is a combination of dôr “land” and loven “echoing” (RC/625).

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies from the 1930s, Tolkien similarly differentiated between ordinary Noldorin Dorlamren (containing the lenited form of N. glamren) from Dor-lómen, which was the Noldorized form of Ilkorin Lómendor (Ety/LAM).

glamren

echoing

(adj.) 1) glamren (lenited lamren; pl. glemrin), 2) *loven, pl. lovin (only attested in North Sindarin form lómin)

loven

echoing

pl. lovin (only attested in North Sindarin form lómin)

loven

adjective. echoing

gwath

noun. shade, shadow, dim light

gwath

noun. stain

gwathren

adjective. shadowy, dim

gwathui

adjective. shadowy

lum

noun. shade

lumren

adjective. shady

moth

noun. dusk

dae

shade

(i dhae) (shadow), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nae)

donn

shady

1) donn (black, swart, swarty, shadowy) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds. 2) hall (veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”, 3)

donn

shady

(black, swart, swarty, shadowy) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds.

donn

shadowy

1) donn (black, swart, swarty, shady) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds. 2) gwathren (dim), lenited wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.) 3) gwathui (lenited wathui; no distinct pl. form)

donn

shadowy

(black, swart, swarty, shady) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds.

dû

dusk

(i dhû) (night, nightfall, late evening, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302).

fuin

nightshade

(gloom, darkness, night, dead of night); no distinct pl. form.

glamren

echoing

(lenited ’lamren; pl. glemrin)

gwathren

shadowy

(dim), lenited ’wathren; pl. gwethrin. (A lenited pl. is attested in the name Ered Wethrin, Shadowy Mountains.)

gwathui

shadowy

(lenited ’wathui; no distinct pl. form)

gwathuirim

shadowy people

(PM:330)

gwâth

shade

(noun) 1) gwâth (i **wâth; construct gwath) (shadow, dim light), pl. gwaith (in gwaith) (UT:261), 2) dae (i dhae) (shadow), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nae), 3) lûm (pl. luim**).

gwâth

shade

(i ’wâth; construct gwath) (shadow, dim light), pl. gwaith (in gwaith) (UT:261)

hall

shady

(veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”

lumren

shady

lumren (pl. lymrin)

lumren

shady

(pl. lymrin)

lûm

shade

(pl. luim).

moth

dusk

1) moth (i voth), pl. myth (i myth). David Salo would read *môth with a long vowel. 2) dû (i dhû) (night, nightfall, late evening, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302).

moth

dusk

(i voth), pl. myth (i myth). David Salo would read ✱môth with a long vowel.

tinnu

dusk

tinnu (i dinnu, o thinnu) (twilight, starlit evening, early night without a moon, starry twilight), pl. tinny (i thynny) if there is a pl.

tinnu

dusk

(i dinnu, o thinnu) (twilight, starlit evening, early night without a moon, starry twilight), pl. tinny (i thynny) if there is a pl.

eredlómin

place name. Echoing Mountains

lhumren

noun. shady

A word appearing as N. lhumren “shady” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, an adjective form of N. lhum “shade” (Ety/LUM).

Conceptual Development: The earliest iteration of this word was G. lómin “shady, shadowy, gloomy; gloom(iness)” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, the adjective form of G. lôm “gloom, shade” (GL/54). A similar word G. lumbrin or lumba “overcast” was an adjective based on G. lum “a cloud” (GL/55).

Neo-Sindarin: Since the root √LUM “shadow, darkness” survived in later writings (PE17/168), I think N. lhumren “shady” can be salvaged, though if adapted to Neo-Sindarin it would need to become ᴺS. lumren as suggested in HSD (HSD). Given the later use of Q. lumbo for “(dark) cloud”, I think the sense “overcast” from Gnomish lumbrin can be salvaged as well.

eredlemrin

place name. Echoing Mountains

A “pure Noldorin” name for Eredlómin appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a combination of the plural of orod “mountain” and the lenited plural of glamren “echoing” (Ety/GLAM, LOM, ÓROT).

Conceptual Development: In the entry for the root ᴹ√LAM it first appeared as (rejected) Eredlamrin (EtyAC/LAM).

glamren

adjective. echoing

glamren

adjective. echoing

gwath

noun. shade, shadow, dim light

gwath

noun. stain

gwath

noun. shade

lhum

noun. shade

lhum

noun. shade

A word appearing as N. lhum “shade” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from the root ᴹ√LUM, most notably an element in the name N. Hithlum (Ety/LUM). It was the cognate of ᴹQ. lumbe, and thus derived from primitive ✱lumbē, which explains why the final m survived as a reduction of mb.

Conceptual Development: The earliest iteration of this word was G. lôm {“pool, sl...” >>} “gloom, shade” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, based on primitive ᴱ✶lou̯me (GL/54) and probably derived from the early root ᴱ√LOMO as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Hisilómë). In this early document, G. lum or glum was “a cloud” (GL/55), likely a derivative of ᴱ√LUVU for “✱dark weather” as also suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Luvier). In Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s Tolkien had ᴱN. {lom >>} lhom “shadow” (PE13/149). This became N. lhum “shade” in The Etymologies, as noted above.

Neo-Sindarin: In later writings, Hithlum was designated North Sindarin and its final element was based on a loan from Q. lómë “dusk”, with the m surviving only because it was from the North dialect (PE17/133; WJ/400). However, the root √LUM “shadow, darkness” also survived in later writings (PE17/168), so I think N. lhum “shade” can be salvaged, though if adapted to Neo-Sindarin it would need to become ᴺS. lum as suggested in HSD (HSD). Given the later use of Q. lumbo for “(dark) cloud”, I think the Gnomish sense G. lum “[dark] cloud” can be salvaged as well.

lhumren

adjective. shady

tindu

noun. dusk, twilight, early night (without Moon)

tindu

noun. starry twilight

tinnu

noun. dusk, twilight, early night (without Moon)

tinnu

noun. starry twilight

us(u)kwē

noun. dusk

scella

noun. shade, screen

Probably noun. Primitive form given as skalnâ, derived from the stem SKAL1 "screen, hide (from light)" (LR:386). Since -nâ is an adjectival ending, often taking on the meaning of a kind of past participle, skalnâ must mean "screened, hidden (from light)"; this has become a noun "shade, screen" in Nandorin.

The word scella, sciella alone tells us that ln is assimilated to ll in Nandorin, and as in dunna, spenna a primitive final -â, usually lost, seems to persist as -a following a double consonant. The shift of a to e in skalnâ > scella is parallelled by the similar shift in spannâ > spenna, q.v. However, such a shift does not occur in what might seem to be similar environments (before a double consonant?); cf. hrassa, not hressa, from khrassê. It would seem that e might further break up into ie, scella having the alternative form sciella.

sciella

noun. shade, screen

>> scella