nixë noun "frost" (WJ:417); previously described as a synonym of niquis "ice-flake or snowflake", q.v. (PE17:168)
Quenya
aryon
heir
nixë
frost
aryon
heir
nixë
frost
nixë noun "frost" (WJ:417); previously described as a synonym of niquis "ice-flake or snowflake", q.v. (PE17:168)
hîl
noun. heir
hîl
noun. heir
Cognates
- Q. hildë “heir, follower, heir, follower; [ᴱQ.] child”
Element in
hîl
heir
1) #hîl (i chîl), same forms in pl., also with article (i chîl), coll. pl. híliath. Isolated from the name Eluchíl, heir of Elu (WJ:350). 2) rêd (construct red), pl.rîd (idh rîd). The word is presented as a borrowing from Beorian, so it may not be the normal Sindarin word for ”heir”.
hîl
heir
(i chîl), same forms in pl., also with article (i chîl), coll. pl. híliath. Isolated from the name Eluchíl, heir of Elu (WJ:350).
hell
9j¸$ noun. frost
rêd
heir
(construct red), pl.rîd (idh rîd). The word is presented as a borrowing from Beorian, so it may not be the normal Sindarin word for ”heir”.
nich
noun. frost
A neologism for “frost”, cognate of Q. nixë of the same meaning (WJ/417), that assumes a phonetic development similar to that of S. ach vs. Q. akse (axë) “neck” (PE17/92); see the entry on how [[os|[p], [t], [k] spirantalized before [s]]] in (Old) Sindarin.
Cognates
- Q. nixë “frost; ice-flake or snow-flake”
Derivations
- √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white”
hell
noun. frost
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “frost” derived from the root ᴹ√KHEL “freeze”, but Tolkien deleted this short root and its derivatives, keeping only the longer form ᴹ√KHELEK (Ety/KHEL).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had a number of similar “frost” related words: G. heloth “frost”, G. hîl {“ice-cold, icy” >>} “frost” as well as G. helfileg “frost on panes, etc.” (GL/48-49), all based on the early root ᴱ√HELE “freeze”, the last with the added element G. fileg “fern”.
Neo-Sindarin: Tolkien probably deleted N. hell “frost” because he abandoned the short root ᴹ√KHEL, but short √KHEL did reappear in later writings (PE17/116), so it is tempting to restore hell “frost” as well. However, this conflicts with other attested words like N. hell “naked”, so I think it is better to use a neologism like ᴺS. nich for “frost”; see that entry for discussion.
Cognates
- ᴹQ.
helle“frost” ✧ Ety/KHELDerivations
- ᴹ√KHEL “freeze” ✧ Ety/KHEL
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KHEL > hell [kʰelle] > [xelle] > [xell] > [hell] ✧ Ety/KHEL Variations
hell✧ Ety/KHEL (hell)
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
rêda
noun. heir
Element in
- S. Eluréd “Heir of Elu (Thingol)” ✧ PM/369
hilde
noun. heir
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHIL “follow”
Element in
- ᴹQ. Sinome nimaruva, yo hildinyar tenn’ Ambar-metta “Here will I abide, and my heirs, unto the ending of the world” ✧ SD/056; SD/056
aryon
noun. heir
Changes
aryo/aryon→ aryon “son of property, heir” ✧ Ety/ƷAR|GARDerivations
- ᴹ√GAR “keep, hold, possess; maintain, defend” ✧ Ety/ƷAR|GAR; Ety/GAR
Element in
- ᴺQ. aryonië “inheritance”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√GAR > aryon [garjon] > [ɣarjon] > [arjon] ✧ Ety/ƷAR GAR ᴹ√GAR > aryo/aryon [garjon] > [ɣarjon] > [arjon] ✧ Ety/GAR Variations
- aryo/aryon ✧ EtyAC/GAR (
aryo/aryon)
helka
adjective. ice-cold
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHELEK “ice” ✧ Ety/KHEL
Element in
- ᴹQ. Helkar
- ᴹQ. Helkarakse “Grinding Ice”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KHELEK > helka [kʰelka] > [xelka] > [helka] ✧ Ety/KHEL Variations
- helk ✧ EtyAC/KHEL
helle
noun. frost
Cognates
- N.
hell“frost” ✧ Ety/KHELDerivations
- ᴹ√KHEL “freeze” ✧ Ety/KHEL
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KHEL > helle [kʰelle] > [xelle] > [helle] ✧ Ety/KHEL Variations
helle✧ Ety/KHEL (helle)
helor
noun. frost
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHEL “freeze”
hîl
noun. frost
Changes
hîl→ hîl “ice-cold, icy” ✧ GL/49Derivations
- ᴱ√HELE “*freeze” ✧ GL/48
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√χele-k > hîl [xēl] > [xīl] > [hīl] ✧ GL/48
helc
adjective. ice-cold, icy, cold
Changes
hîl→ helc ✧ GL/48Cognates
- Eq. helka “ice-cold”
Derivations
- ᴱ√HELE “*freeze” ✧ GL/48
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√χele-k > helc [helk] > [helx] > [helk] ✧ GL/48 Variations
- helc ✧ GL/48
- helw ✧ GL/48
- hîl ✧ GL/48 (
hîl)
helw
adjective. ice-cold, icy, cold
heloth
noun. frost
helka
adjective. ice-cold
Cognates
- G. helc “ice-cold, icy, cold”
Derivations
- ᴱ√HELE “*freeze” ✧ LT1A/Helkar; QL/039
Element in
- Eq. Helkar ✧ LT1A/Helkar
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√HELE > helka [xelkā] > [xelka] > [helka] ✧ QL/039
aryon noun "heir" (GAR under 3AR). In a deleted entry in the Etymologies, the word was given as aryo, aryon and defined as "son of property = heir" (VT45:14), whereas in VT45:16 (reproducing deleted material from the Etymologies), the word is defined as "heir, prince". Alternative form haryon.