nuru

death, death

nuru, Nuru noun "death, Death" _(ÑGUR). This represents earlier ñuru (VT46:4) _and should be spelt accordingly in Tengwar writing. When personalized, Nuru refers to Mandos. Cf. Nurufantur.

urdu

death

urdu noun "death" (LT2:342; rather nuru in Tolkien's later Quenya)

urtu

noun. death

Cognates

• S. gurth “death”

Element in

• Q. násië “now and at the hour of our death: Amen” ✧ VT43/34

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

sanar

mind

sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)

effírië

death

#effírië noun "death" (isolated from effíriemmo "of our death"). A verbal stem *effir- "expire, die" seems to be implied. (VT43:34)

effírië

noun. death

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

síma

mind, imagination

síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)

sáma

mind

sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)

sáma

noun. mind

Derivations

• √SAM “mind, think, reflect, be aware” ✧ PE17/183; VT41/05

Element in

• ᴺQ. sámalórië “madness”
• ᴺQ. essámalë “agreement, (lit.) one-mindedness”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√SAM > sāma	[sāma]	✧ PE17/183
√sam > sāma	[sāma]	✧ VT41/05

Variations

• sāma ✧ PE17/183; VT41/05

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

• Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/11

Derivations

• ✶gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
  • √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11

Element in

• S. guren bêd enni “my heart tells me” ✧ VT41/11

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶gorē > gûr	[gorē] > [gōre] > [gūre] > [gūr]	✧ VT41/11

guru

noun. death

_ n. _death. guru << gûru.

guru

noun. death, death (abstract)

A Sindarin word for “death” derived from primitive ✶ñgurū (PE17/87), unusual in that its primitive ancient vowel u did not vanish. In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien had variant forms [N.] gûr and gurw “death” marked with a “?”, both derived from Old Noldorin nguru and indicating some uncertainty on the exact phonetic developments (EtyAC/ÑGUR). Elsewhere in The Etymologies Tolkien said that [N.] guru was “Death as state or abstract”, as opposed to [N.] gwanw or gwanath for the “act of dying” (Ety/GWAN).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would assume guru was for death as an abstraction or principle, and for the death of individuals I would use either gurth or gwanu/gwanath; see those entries for discussion.

Changes

• gûru → guru ✧ PE17/087

Cognates

• ᴹQ. nuru “death, death [abstract]”

Derivations

• ✶ñgurū “death” ✧ PE17/087
  • √ÑGUR “death; to die”

Element in

• S. guruthos “dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, [N.] fear of death” ✧ PE17/087

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ngurū > guru	[ŋgurū] > [ŋguru] > [guru] > [guru] > [guru]	✧ PE17/087

Variations

• gûru ✧ PE17/087 (gûru)

Nûrnen

place name. Death

_ topon. _Death, dead water. >> guru

gurth

noun. death

gurth

noun. death

The usual Sindarin word for “death”, derived from the root √ÑGUR of similar meaning (UT/39; Ety/ÑGUR).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/43), anchored by well established names like Gurthang or Gurtholf(in), the name of Túrin’s sword. Tolkien experimented with various alternate forms over the years, such as G. urthu (GG/14), G. gurthu (GL/43), ᴱN. gurdh (PE13/146) and N. guruth (Ety/ÑGUR), but kept coming back to gurth as the basic form.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use this word for death in general and especially violent death, as opposed to the more euphemistic [N.] gwanath or gwanu “death”, more literally “departure”.

Cognates

• Q. urtu “death”

Derivations

• √ÑGUR “death; to die”

Element in

• S. Belegurth “Great Death”
• S. Gurthang “Iron of Death” ✧ SA/gurth
• S. gurth an Glamhoth “Death to the din-horde” ✧ UT/039

Variations

• Gurth ✧ UT/039

gwanu

noun. death (act of dying, not death as a state or abstract)

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

gûr

death

(i ngûr = i ñûr, o n’gûr = o ñgûr, construct gur), pl. guir (in guir = i ñguir)

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

gûr (i **ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir** = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

gûr (i **ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir** = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gurth

death

(i ngurth = i ñurth, o n’gurth = o ñgurth), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth)

hûn

heart

1) (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

guruth

death

(i nguruth = i ñuruth, o n’guruth = o ñguruth), pl. gyryth (in gyryth = i ñgyryth)

gwanu

death

(i ’wanu), analogical pl. gweny (in gweny). Archaic gwanw (LR:397 s.v. WAN), hence coll. pl. ?gwanwath. Other words (rather referring to Death as a state or abstract):

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû- apparently meaning ”heart”..

gwanath

death

1) (act of dying) gwanath (i **wanath), pl. gwenaith (in gwenaith), 2) (act of dying, especially the ”death” of Elves by fading or weariness) gwanu (i **wanu), analogical pl. gweny (in gweny). Archaic gwanw (LR:397 s.v. WAN), hence coll. pl. ?gwanwath. Other words (rather referring to Death as a state or abstract): 3) gûr (i ngûr = i ñûr, o n**gûr = o ñgûr, construct gur), pl. guir (in guir = i ñguir), 4) gurth (i ngurth = i ñurth, o n**gurth = o ñgurth), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth), 5) guruth (i nguruth = i ñuruth, o n**guruth = o ñguruth), pl. gyryth (in gyryth** = i ñgyryth)

gwanath

death

(i ’wanath), pl. gwenaith (in gwenaith)

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

• Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/15; VT41/11

Derivations

• ✶gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
  • √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11
• √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ VT41/15

Element in

• T. óre nia pete nin “my heart tells me” ✧ VT41/11

Variations

• ōre ✧ VT41/11; VT41/11
• hōre ✧ VT41/15

agan

noun. death

A noun for “death” attested both as an independent word (SD/426) and in the compound agannâlô “death-shadow” (SD/247).

Element in

• Ad. Agân “Death” ✧ SD/426
• Ad. agannâlô burôda nênud “[the] death-shadow [is] heavy on us” ✧ SD/247; SD/247
• Ad. agannūlo burudan nēnum “death-shade heavy-is on-us” ✧ SD/312

Variations

• Agan ✧ SD/247

agân

masculine name. Death

The masculine personification of agan “death” (SD/426). This could be the Adûnaic name for Mandos.

Variations

• Agān ✧ SD/426

ñgurū

noun. death

Derivations

• √ÑGUR “death; to die”

Derivatives

• S. guru “death, death (abstract)” ✧ PE17/087

Element in

• S. Núrnen “Sad Water, Dead Water” ✧ PE17/087

Variations

• ngurū ✧ PE17/087

gûr

noun. death

guru

noun. death (abstract)

Changes

• ngurw → gûr/gurw ✧ Ety/ÑGUR

Cognates

• ᴹQ. nuru “death, death [abstract]” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR

Derivations

• On. nguru “death” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR
  • ᴹ√ÑGUR “*death” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR
• ᴹ√ÑGUR “*death” ✧ Ety/WAN

Element in

• N. Gurfannor “Lord of Death-cloud” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. nguru > gûr/gurw	[ŋguru] > [guru] > [guru] > [guru]	✧ Ety/ÑGUR
ᴹ√NGUR > Guru	[ŋguru] > [guru] > [guru] > [guru]	✧ Ety/WAN

Variations

• gûr/gurw ✧ Ety/ÑGUR (gûr/gurw)
• Guru ✧ Ety/WAN
• gûr ✧ EtyAC/ÑGUR
• ngurw ✧ EtyAC/ÑGUR (ngurw)

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

guruth

noun. death

guruth

noun. death

Derivations

• On. ngurtu “death” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR
  • ᴹ√ÑGUR “*death” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR

Element in

• N. Gurtholf “Wand of Death” ✧ Ety/ÑGUR
• N. gurth i Morthu “*death (of) ?Sauron” ✧ RS/186
• N. guruthos “fear of death”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. ngurtu > guruth	[ŋgurtu] > [ŋgurtʰu] > [ŋgurθu] > [gurθu] > [gurθu] > [gurθu] > [guruθ]	✧ Ety/ÑGUR

Variations

• Gurth ✧ RS/186

gwanw

noun. death (act of dying, not death as a state or abstract)

gwanath

noun. death (act of dying, not death as a state or abstract)