es

root. *place

A deleted root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with Quenya derivatives having to do with “place” (EtyAC/ES). In later writings, Q. nómë was the word for “place”.

es

root. indicate, name

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “indicate, name” with Quenya derivatives likes ᴹQ. esta- “to name” and ᴹQ. esse “name” (Ety/ES). Both these Quenya words appeared in Tolkien’s later writings (PE22/124; VT42/17; VT43/14; WJ/359). In addition, the verb form estathar “should be called” appeared in the King’s Letter from the late 1940s, indicated this root was used in the Noldorin/Sindarin branch of the languages as well. However, in Sindarin prayers from the 1950s, Tolkien used the word S. eneth for “name” (VT44/24), perhaps indicating the continued validity of another root for “name” in the Sindarin branch of the languages; see ᴱ√ENE for discussion.

esek

root. *sedge, reed

A (Ilkorin-only?) root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the derivatives Ilk. esg “sedge, reed”, Ilk. esgar “reed-bed”, and Ilk. Esgaroth “reed-lake” (Ety/ESEK). Elsewhere it seems S. lisg means “reed” as in S. Lisgardh “Land of Reeds” (UT/34), and similarly ᴹQ. liske < ᴹ✶lisge (PE19/51). Thus I suspect ᴹ√ESEK was a transient idea, one of the etymologies Tolkien considered for Esgaroth.

ese(t)

root. precede (forward)

ezdē

noun. rest

sed

root. rest

tal

root. appraise, esteem, value

A root Tolkien mentioned in the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s with a single derivative ᴹQ. tatalla- “admire, wonder at” (PE22/110). There are no signs elsewhere of this root being used with this meaning: typically √TAL = “foot”.

us

root. [unglossed]

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/US).

ar

root. day

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “day” with various derivatives like ᴹQ. are, N. aur “day” and ᴹQ. arin “morning” (Ety/AR¹). In Tolkien’s later writings, the Quenya word for “day” became aurë (RC/727; S/190), and in 1957 Quenya Notes he devised a new etymology for these day-words from the root √UR “heat” as in ✶auri “heat, period of sun” (PE17/148). That opens the question whether the various 1930s Quenya “morning” words from ᴹ√AR remain valid, but many Neo-Quenya writers (including me) retain them since there aren’t really any good alternatives. They might be salvageable as derivatives of the later root √AS “warmth” (so that “day” = “hot” and “morning” = “warm”).

maiga

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root appearing in the first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa from the 1930s (TQ1) to illustrate certain patterns of root formation (PE18/66). It may have serving as the basis for ᴹQ. Maia, though this word was given different derivations later.

phan

root. [unglossed]

A deleted root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/PHAN).

skil

root. [unglossed]

A root mentioned in passing in as a variant of ᴹ√KIL “divide” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, but it had no derivatives and appeared nowhere else (Ety/KIL).

stā

root. [unglossed]

A deleted root reference in The Etymologies apparently serving as the basis for the verbal action suffix ᴹ✶-stā “-ing” in ᴹ✶khau̯-stā “rest-ing” (Ety/KHAW; EtyAC/KHAW). See the entry on ✶-stā for further discussion.

uruk

root. [unglossed]

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/URUK).

ari

noun. day

kelun

noun. river

settā

adjective. first

stintā

root. short

tankāta-

verb. to make firm

tēra

adjective. straight, right

ṇdūnē

noun. sunset

skarwē

noun. wound

am

root. mother

amī̆l

noun. mother

auluta-

verb. [unglossed]

bay

root. [unglossed]

bányā

adjective. beautiful

edenā

adjective. first

ednōno

noun. firstborn

iw

root. [unglossed], [ᴱ√] *fish

kaltwa

?. [unglossed]

khe

pronoun. they

khlip

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root in a rejected paragraph from the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s (PE22/112 note #78).

kōmā

noun. [unglossed]

magā

noun. hand

mapā

noun. hand

maʒ

root. hand

māʒ

noun. hand

nē̆n

noun. water

stin

root. [unglossed]

tanka

adjective. firm

torōmā

noun. [unglossed]