comya-
verb. to collect
Cognates
- S. covad(a)- “to bring together, make meet” ✧ PE17/158
Derivations
- √KOM “gather, collect” ✧ PE17/158
Elements
Word Gloss -ya “verbal suffix” Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √KOM > komya [komja-] ✧ PE17/158 Variations
- komya ✧ PE17/157 (komya); PE17/158
hosta-
gather, collect, assemble
ahosta
verb. assemble, gather
A verb occurring in the Markirya poem, consists of prefix a- and verb hosta- (gather).
Tolkien noted: "When the bare stem of the verb is used (as after 'see' and 'hear') as infinitive na- [changed to a-] is prefixed if the noun is the object not the subject". In man cenuva lumbor ahosta (changed from na-hosta), "who shall see the clouds gather"
comya-
gather, assemble
comya- ("k")vb. "gather, assemble" (transitive)(PE17:158)
hosta-
verb. to gather (hastily together), collect, assemble, pile up
Cognates
- ᴺS. hosta- “to gather, collect”
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. hostaitë “able to gather”
- Q. man cenuva lumbor ahosta? “Who shall see the clouds gather?” ✧ MC/222; MC/222
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶khot-ta > hosta [kʰotta-] > [kʰosta-] > [xosta-] > [hosta-] ✧ PE17/039 Variations
- hosta ✧ PE17/039
ócom-
gather, assemble
#ócom- vb. "gather, assemble" (intransitive)(PE17:157, 158). Cited in the form ócomë "gathers, assembles", evidently an endingless aorist. Perfect ócómië given.
hahta
pile, mound
hahta noun "pile, mound" (KHAG)
sanganë
gather
sanganë vb.? "gather" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")
covad-
verb. 'collect'
v. 'collect', trans. or intr. 'assemble, bring together'. pa. t. covant, pp. covannen.
cova-
verb. gather
weak intr. v. gather, assemble, come to same place, meet. mae-govannen 'well met'. This gloss was rejected.
hosta-
verb. to gather, collect
Cognates
- Q. hosta- “to gather (hastily together), collect, assemble, pile up”
Derivations
- √KHOT “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
kob
root. gather, collect
kom
root. gather, collect
A root Tolkien invented to explain S. mae govannen “well met”, serving as the basis for the verb S. covad(a)- “bring together, make meet” (PE17/16, 157-158). Tolkien gave this root as both √KOB and √KOM, but some of its Quenya derivatives can only be derived from √KOM: Q. comya- “to collect” and Q. ócom- “to gather, assemble”. For Tolkien’s earlier conceptions on the foundations for mae govannen, see the entry on √BA(N).
Derivatives
- ᴺQ. cómë “[computer] file, *document”
- Q. comya- “to collect” ✧ PE17/158
- Q.
conta-“[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/157- Q. ócom- “to gather, assemble” ✧ PE17/157; PE17/158
- Q. (o)combë “gathering, assembly, assemblage, collection, gathering, assembly, assemblage, collection, *congregation” ✧ PE17/157; PE17/158
- S. cova- “to come together, meet; to gather, assemble” ✧ PE17/157; PE17/158
- S. covad(a)- “to bring together, make meet” ✧ PE17/016; PE17/158
Variations
- KOB- ✧ PE17/016 (KOB-)
- KOB ✧ PE17/150; PE17/157 (KOB); PE17/158; PE17/158
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
hosta-
verb. to collect
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHOTH “gather” ✧ Ety/KHOTH
Element in
- ᴹQ. íre ilqa yéva nótina, hostainiéva, yallume “when all is counted, and all numbered at last” ✧ LR/072
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KHOTH > hosta- [kʰotʰta-] > [kʰosta-] > [xosta-] > [hosta-] ✧ Ety/KHOTH
khoth
root. gather
Derivatives
Element in
- N. Glamhoth “Orcs, (lit.) Barbaric Host” ✧ Ety/GLAM
hosta-
verb. to gather, collect
Derivations
- ᴱ√HOSO “*gather”
glesta-
verb. to gather
lactha-
verb. (tr.) gather together, collect, amass
Derivations
- ᴱ√LAKA “*pick (up)”
lese
root. collect
A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “collect” with derivatives like ᴱQ. lese- “come together, gather” and ᴱQ. lesta “gathering, assembly” (QL/53). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. lest “gathering, assembly, concourse, moot” and G. lesta- “gather, assemble, meet” (GL/53). There are no clear indications of this root in Tolkien’s later writings, where Tolkien seems to have shifted to ᴹ√KHOTH “gather”, but it is possible that ᴹQ. lesta “measure” from Fíriel’s Song of the 1930s is connected to this early root.
Derivatives
kḷkḷ
root. gather, collect, reap
A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “gather, collect, reap” with derivatives like ᴱQ. kalka “sickle” and ᴱQ. kilk- “gather, reap” (QL/47). Given the change of the Elvish constellation from ᴱQ. Telpea Kalka “✱Silvern Sickle” to later Q. Valacirca “Sickle of the Valar”, it is clear this root was replaced by ᴹ√KIRIK.
Derivatives
arm-
verb. to gather, collect
Derivations
- ᴱ√ƷṚMṚ “*gather” ✧ QL/032
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√‘ṚMṚ > arm- [ṛm-] > [arm-] ✧ QL/032 ᴱ√‘ṚMṚ > arme [ṝme-] > [arme-] ✧ QL/032
rakta-
verb. to pile, hoard, amass, collect
Derivations
- ᴱ√RAKA “pile up; *break” ✧ QL/078
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√RAKA > rakta-² [rakta-] ✧ QL/078 Variations
- sorakta- ✧ QL/078
sorakta-
verb. to pile, hoard, amass, collect
kumpo
noun. pile
A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “pile” appearing as a derivative of the root ᴱ√KUMU “heap up”, but Tolkien considered transferring it to ᴱ√KUPU “hump” (QL/49).
Cognates
- G. cûm “mound (especially grave), burial mound”
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√KUMU > kumpo [kumpō] > [kumpo] ✧ QL/049 ᴱ√KUPU > kumpo [kumpō] > [kumpo] ✧ QL/049
hosta- vb. "gather, collect, assemble" (Markirya), "gather hastily together, pile up" (PE17:39), hostainiéva "will be gathered", future tense of the stative verb *hostainië*, derived from hostaina "gathered", past participle of hosta- "gather". Such stative verbs are probably not conceptually valid in Tolkien's later Quenya; see -ië**. (FS)