macil

sword

macil ("k")noun "sword" (MAK, LT1:259, VT39:11, VT45:32, VT49:17); macilya "his (or their) sword" (PE17:130), see -ya #4.

necel

thorn

necel ("k") noun "thorn" (PE17:55)

necel

noun. thorn

A word for “thorn” in notes on the Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s, derived from the root √NEK having to do with angles (PE17/55).

Derivations

• √NEK “narrow, narrow; *angular, sharp” ✧ PE17/055

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√NEK > nekel	[nekel]	✧ PE17/055

Variations

• nekel ✧ PE17/055

ehtë

spear

ehtë (stem *ehti-, given the primitive form ekti) noun "spear" (EK/EKTE). Another word for "spear" is hatal.

nassë

thorn, spike

nassë (2) noun "thorn, spike" (NAS). Not to be confused with nassë "(s)he is", VT49:30 or nassë # above. Note that in late material, the unambiguous word necel appears for "thorn" (PE17:55).

hatal

spear

hatal noun "spear" (VT49:14, 33). Another word for "spear" is ehtë.

hatal

noun. spear, spear, *javelin

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHAT “hurl, cast, send through air, loose from hand”

Element in

• Q. antanen hatal sena “I cast a spear at him” ✧ VT49/14

yelca

sword

[yelca noun ?"sword" - Tolkien's gloss is not certainly legible, and the word was struck out anyway. (VT45:11)]

megil

noun. sword

The word was struck out in the Etymologies, but is well attested in late compounds such as Mormegil or Arvegil (with regular mutation). It is conceivably the Sindarinized form of Quenya makil, coexisting with magol (see tegil and tegol for a similar case)

megil

noun. sword

_ n. _sword. i·arben na megil and 'The Knight of the Long Sword'.

aith

point of spear, spear point

(no distinct pl. form)

aith

noun. spear-point, [ᴱN.] spear, thorn

Element in

• ᴺS. eitheb “thorny, *(orig.) full of points; sharp”
• ᴺS. eithron “*spearman, [ᴱN.] warrior”

naith

spearhead

(gore, wedge, point, promontory); no distinct pl. form;

hathel

broadsword blade

(i chathel, o chathel) (axe blade), pl. hethil (i chethil)

aeg

thorn

(peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.

rêg

thorn

(construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg)

thela

point of spear, spear point

(-thel), pl. ?thili

êg

thorn

1) êg (construct eg), pl. îg; 2) rêg (construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg), 3) aeg (peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.

êg

thorn

(construct eg), pl. îg

ecthel

point of spear, spear point

(pl. ecthil), literally "thorn point&quot

ecthel

thorn point

(pl. ecthil). See also

lang

sword

(cutlass), pl. leng.

magol

sword

(i vagol), analogical pl. megyl (i megyl), coll. pl. maglath (though analogical ?magolath may also be possible). In ”Noldorin”, this was the native word for ”sword” (derived from primitive makla, as is Quenya macil); it is unclear whether Tolkien definitely replaced it with megil when he turned ”Noldorin” into Sindarin, or whether both words coexist in the language.

megil

sword

1) megil (i vegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i megil). This is a borrowing from Quenya macil (VT45:32). 2) magol (i vagol), analogical pl. megyl (i megyl), coll. pl. maglath (though analogical ?magolath may also be possible). In ”Noldorin”, this was the native word for ”sword” (derived from primitive makla, as is Quenya macil); it is unclear whether Tolkien definitely replaced it with megil when he turned ”Noldorin” into Sindarin, or whether both words coexist in the language. 3) lang (cutlass), pl. leng.

megil

sword

(i vegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i megil). This is a borrowing from Quenya macil (VT45:32).

hadron

hurler of spears or darts

(i chadron, o chadron), pl. hedryn (i chedryn), coll. pl. hadronnath

makla

noun. sword

Derivatives

• Aq. makal “*sword” ✧ PE19/083

Variations

• makil ✧ PE21/71

aith

noun. spearpoint

eith

noun. spear-point

Changes

• aith → eith “spear-point” ✧ EtyAC/EK

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ehte “spear” ✧ Ety/EK

Derivations

• ᴹ√EK “spear, (sharp) point, thorn” ✧ Ety/EK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√EK > aith	[ektē] > [ekte] > [ektʰe] > [exθe] > [eiθe] > [eiθ] > [aiθ]	✧ Ety/EK
ᴹ√EK > eith	[ektē] > [ekte] > [ektʰe] > [exθe] > [eiθe] > [eiθ]	✧ Ety/EK

Variations

• aith ✧ Ety/EK

maethon

noun. sword

êg

noun. thorn

êg

noun. thorn

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “thorn” under the root ᴹ√EK (Ety/EK). In The Etymologies this root was glossed “spear”, but I think this gloss applied only to the extended form of the root √EKTE, because elsewhere √EK had other glosses like “sharp, (sharp) point, thorn” (WJ/365; VT48/25; PE22/127).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, G. eg merely meant “point” (GL/32) while G. aith was “thorn” (GL/18), both from the early root ᴱ√EKE or ᴱ√EHE having to do with points (GL/31; QL/35). In Gnomish Lexicon Slips this became G. aithr “thorn” which also had an archaic sense “†sword” (PE13/108), a word that also appeared as ᴱN. aithr “thorn, [archaic] †sword” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/136).

Cognates

• ᴺS. eithos “thorn bush”

Derivations

• ᴹ√EK “spear, (sharp) point, thorn” ✧ Ety/EK

Element in

• N. Egnor ✧ Ety/EK
• N. Ecthelion ✧ Ety/EK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√EK > êg	[ek] > [eg] > [ēg]	✧ Ety/EK

magl

noun. sword

The word megil (q.v.), probably introduced by the Ñoldor, was also used

magol

noun. sword

The word megil (q.v.), probably introduced by the Ñoldor, was also used

magol

noun. sword

Cognates

• ᴹQ. makil “sword” ✧ Ety/MAK; EtyAC/MAK

Derivations

• ᴹ√MAK “sword; fight (with a sword), cleave” ✧ Ety/MAK
• ᴹ✶makla “sword” ✧ EtyAC/MAK
  • ᴹ√MAK “sword; fight (with a sword), cleave” ✧ Ety/MAK; EtyAC/MAK

Element in

• N. Magladhûr “Black-sword” ✧ Ety/MAK; Ety/MAK
• N. Maglavorn “Black-sword” ✧ Ety/MAK
• N. Mormegil “Black-sword” ✧ EtyAC/MAK (Mormegil)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√MAK > magl > magol	[makla] > [makl] > [magl] > [magol]	✧ Ety/MAK
ᴹ✶makili- > megil	[makili] > [makile] > [mekile] > [mekil] > [megil]	✧ EtyAC/MAK

Variations

• megil ✧ Ety/MAK; EtyAC/MAK (megil)

megil

noun. sword

The word was struck out in the Etymologies, but is well attested in late compounds such as Mormegil or Arvegil (with regular mutation). It is conceivably the Sindarinized form of Quenya makil, coexisting with magol (see tegil and tegol for a similar case)

megil

noun. sword