Quenya 

-ien

suffix. -land

Element in

Variations

  • -ien ✧ PE17/071 (-ien)

Sindarin 

-iand

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced in -ian.Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -ian, -ianda

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:29:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-iand

regional ending

pl1. -iend _ suff. _regional ending. -ien(d) was often used of a single varied region (e.g.Anórien, Ithilien). >> -and, -ian, -ion

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:42:170] < _yandē _a wide region or country. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ianda

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced in -ian.Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -ian, -iand

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ian

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced from -iand(a). Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -iand, -ianda

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ian

regional ending

pl1. -ien _ suff. _regional ending. -ien was often used of a single varied region (e.g.Anórien, Ithilien). Such words were still pl. with article (in Anórien). >> -iand, -ion

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:42] < _yandē _a wide region or country. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ian(d)

suffix. -land, country

A suffix meaning “-land” or “country” appearing often in the names of regions and countries along with its plural variant -ien(d) “-lands”, mentioned in a number of places in Tolkien’s later writings (Let/383; UT/318). In notes from the late 1950s Tolkien derived it from primitive ✶yandē “a wide region or country” from the root √YAN “wide”, which replaced another root √YON of similar meaning (PE17/42-43). In notes having to do with “large & small” words, probably from the late 1960s, Tolkien connected it instead to an apparent adjective S. iand “wide”, still derived from √YAN (PE17/115).

Conceptual Development: This suffix seems to have first appeared in ᴱN. Broseliand in the Lays of Beleriand of the 1920s, precursor to the name S. Beleriand and almost certainly inspired by the legendary medieval French forest Brocéliande. Tolkien used this suffix widely in names starting with Lord of the Rings drafts, but it seems he did not develop a clear etymology for the suffix until quite late. Tolkien himself mentioned the connection between this suffix and the French name Brocéliande in a 1967 letter (Let/383). It is thus an interesting case study in how Tolkien would gradually integrate elements inspired by real-world languages into his Elvish corpus.

Derivations

  • yandē “a wide region or country” ✧ PE17/042
    • YAN “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend” ✧ PE17/042

Element in

  • S. Anórien “Sunlending, *(lit.) Sun-lands” ✧ PE17/042; PE17/042
  • S. Beleriand “Country of Balar” ✧ PE17/029; PE17/037; PE17/042; PE17/042
  • S. Cardolan “?Red Hill Land”
  • S. Eryd-wethion “Mountains of the Region of Shadows” ✧ PE17/042
  • S. Garthúrian “Hidden Realm”
  • S. Ithilien “Land of the Moon” ✧ PE17/042; PE17/042; UT/318
  • S. Lórien “*Golden Lands”
  • S. Ossiriand “Land of Seven Rivers”
  • S. Rochand “Rohan, Horse-country” ✧ Let/382; UT/318
  • S. Rohan “Riddermark, (lit.) Horse-country”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
yandē > -iand[-jandē] > [-jande] > [-iande] > [-iand] > [-iann] > [-ian]✧ PE17/042
yandē > iend[-jandī] > [-jandi] > [-iandi] > [-iendi] > [-iend] > [-ienn] > [-ien]✧ PE17/042

Variations

  • -and ✧ Let/382; Let/383; UT/318
  • an ✧ Let/383
  • -ian ✧ PE17/037; PE17/042; PE17/043
  • -iand(a) ✧ PE17/037 (-iand(a))
  • -iand ✧ PE17/042
  • -iann ✧ PE17/115
  • (i)and ✧ PE17/170
Sindarin [Let/382; Let/383; PE17/029; PE17/037; PE17/042; PE17/043; PE17/115; PE17/170; UT/318] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-iend

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced in -ien. Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -ien, -iende

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-iende

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced in -ien. Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -ien, -iend

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ien

a suffix in names of regions

_ suff. a suffix in names of regions. Reduced from -iend(e). Tolkien proposed but finally rejected a borrowing to the Q. gen. pl1. -ion_. >> -iend, -iende

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-ion

suffix. regional ending

_ suff. _regional ending. In older names, it usually applied only to a single feature (e.g.Sirion 'the Great Stream'). It was esp. applied to topographical features of large extent, esp. long, wide river, long (and wide) ranges. It was mostly used in post-Exilic times and so was probably partly due to Quenya influences. >> -on, Eregion, Nanduhirion, Sirion

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:37:42-3] < S. _iaun_ large, extensive, wide < _ı_9_aun_ < _yānā_ < YANA < _yā- _wide, large, extensive. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

-ien

suffix. -land

Element in

-ndor

suffix. -land

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ndorē “land, dwelling-place, region where certain people live”
    • ᴹ√NDOR “dwell, stay, rest, abide” ✧ Ety/NDOR

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Andóre “Land of Gift”
  • ᴹQ. Endor “Middle-earth”