Primitive elvish

ōre

adjective. arising

Primitive elvish [PE17/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gorē

noun. heart, inner(most) mind

Primitive elvish [NM/176; NM/219; VT41/11] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orya-

verb. to rise

Primitive elvish [PE22/134; PE22/135; PE22/139; PE22/157; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Quenya 

orë

grain

orë (ori-) noun "grain" (QL:70)

órë

noun. heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition

The meaning of the Quenya word órë is quite subtle, and does not have a direct equivalent in English. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien translated the word as “heart (inner mind)” (LotR/1123), but elsewhere he said that this was a poor translation of the word (VT41/11; NM/220). Tolkien wrote a lengthy essay on the nature of this word, first published in the year 2000 (VT41/11-19) and again in 2021 (NM/219-225). In this essay Tolkien described it as the source of wisdom and moral impulses that informed one’s judgement, so perhaps the closest English equivalent is “conscience”. This is still not quite right, however, since the órë could be the source of negative impulses as well, particularly among Men (VT41/13; NM/223). Furthermore, divine powers such as the Valar could sometimes (but not always) communicate subtly through one’s órë (VT41/15). Galadriel was described as having a particularly noble and generous órë (PM/337).

This word could also be used with the sense “warning, caution” (VT41/15) or even “premonition” (VT41/13). It seems that the órë and its urges was viewed as almost external to the mind itself, as indicated by the phrase órenya quetë nin “my heart tells me” = “I feel compelled to ...”, not unlike the pop-cultural “shoulder angel and devil” whispering into your ear. Tolkien said that in Quenya this word was associated with the sense of √OR “rise” and its urges were seen as rising up within the spirit (VT41/13). Compare this to the words for ordinary feelings, such as fëafelmë “✱(lit.) spirit-impulse”.

The word órë was also the name of tengwa #21 used for a weak and untrilled medial r (LotR/1123), many of which originated from primitive intervocalic [z] or [d]. There is no sign that órë ever had such a consonant medially, however, and it seems this name was chosen simply because it had a medial r.

Conceptual Development: There is no clear precursor to this word in Tolkien’s earlier writings, except perhaps ᴹQ. hóre “impulse” (Ety/KHOR).

Quenya [LotR/1123; PE22/155; PM/337; VT41/11; VT41/12; VT41/13; VT41/14; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orendë

noun. (nuclear) family

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

eldandil

masculine name. Elf-friend

A term meaning “Elf-friend”, but implying an interest in them as a subject of lore (WJ/412). This name is a compound of Elda “Elf” and the suffix -(n)dil “-friend”.

Quenya [WJ/410; WJ/412; WJI/Eldandil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

quendil

masculine name. Elf-friend

A term translated as “Elf-friend” (WJ/410), but more accurately describing those concerned with the lore of Elven-kind (WJ/412). This name is a compound Quendë “Elf” and the suffix -(n)dil “friend”. It also appear in the longer form Quendendil.

Quenya [WJ/410; WJ/412; WJI/Quendil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

or-

urge, impel, move

#or- vb. "urge, impel, move", only of "mental" impulse. Constructed as an impersonal verb: orë nin caritas "I would like/feel moved to do so" (VT41:13), literally *"it impels for me to do so" (notice that what is the subject in English appears in the dative in Quenya). Elsewhere this verb is presented as an A-stem ora- instead (so that the aorist would be ora instead of orë, cf. ora nin "it warns me" in VT41:15), with past tense oranë or ornë, future tense oruv[a], present tense órëa and a form orië that may be the gerund; the forms orórië and ohórië were rejected but may have been intended as perfect forms (VT41:13, 18, VT49:54)

orë nin caritas

I feel an urge/wish/desire to do it

orë nin caritas nó namin alasaila

I would like / feel moved to do so but judge it unwise

or-

verb. to warn, urge, feel an urge/wish/desire

órenya quéta nin

my heart is saying to me

órenya quetë nin

my heart tells me

Quenya [VT41/11; VT41/13; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amaurëa

dawn, early day

amaurëa noun "dawn, early day" (Markirya)

ambarónë

noun. dawn, dawn; [ᴹQ.] uprising, sunrise, Orient

Quenya [PE17/082; RC/385] Group: Eldamo. Published by

erdë

seed, germ

erdë (1) noun "seed, germ" (ERÉD, VT45:12)

naicea

adjective. cruel

Quenya [PE 22:126] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

nwalca

cruel

nwalca ("k")adj. "cruel" (ÑGWAL; this must represent earlier *ñwalca = *ngwalca; these forms are not given in Etym, but compare nwalmë_ below. In Tengwar writing, the initial NW would be represented by the letter nwalmë.)_

ora-

verb. to warn, urge, feel an urge/wish/desire

Quenya [VT41/13; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orta-

verb. to rise

Quenya [PE17/052; PE17/064; PE21/77; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orya-

verb. to rise

Quenya [PE17/064; PE17/077; PE22/133; PE22/139; PE22/156; PE22/157; PE22/163; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oryande

noun. arising

Quenya [PE 22:137] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

oryandë

noun. arising

ára

dawn

ára noun "dawn" (AR1). According to VT45:6, ára is also the name of the long vowel carrier of the Tengwar system; it would be the first letter of the word ára if spelt in Tengwar.

tyulya-

verb. to rise

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Telerin 

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

Telerin [VT41/11; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

óre nia pete nin

my heart tells me

Sindarin 

orest

noun. hour

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

oreth

noun. hour

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

guren bêd enni

my heart tells me

orbelain

noun. *Day of the Valar, Friday

Sindarin [Let/427; LotR/1110; PM/138] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwaren

noun. [nuclear] family

minuial

noun. "morrowdim", the time near dawn, when the star fade

Sindarin [LotR/D] min+uial "first twilight". Group: SINDICT. Published by

balch

cruel

1) balch (lenited malch; pl. belch), 2) baug (tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

balch

cruel

(lenited malch; pl. belch)

baug

cruel

(tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

eredh

seed

eredh (germ), pl. eridh

eredh

seed

(germ), pl. eridh

minuial

dawn

minuial (i vinuial) (morrowdim, twilight), pl. minuiail (i minuiail)

minuial

dawn

(i vinuial) (morrowdim, twilight), pl. minuiail (i minuiail)

Adûnaic

nimruzîr

noun. Elf-friend

A noun meaning “Elf-friend”, attested only in the (subjective) plural form Nimruzîrim (PM/151). It is identical to the Adûnaic name Nimruzîr of Q. Elendil, which had the same meaning.

Conceptual Development: An earlier name for the faithful Númenóreans was Avaltiri (SD/347).

Adûnaic [PM/151; PMI/Nimruzîrim] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

arvelain

noun. *Day of the Valar

balch

adjective. cruel

Noldorin [Ety/377] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eredh

noun. seed, germ

Noldorin [Ety/356] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hortha-

verb. to urge on, speed

Noldorin [Ety/364] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balch

adjective. cruel

Noldorin [Ety/ÑGWAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

elethon

masculine name. Ælfwine

A rejected Noldorin name for Ælfwine (“Elf-friend”) appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (EtyAC/SON), a combination of Eledh “Elf” and the suffixal form of (rejected) thond “friend”.

Noldorin [EtyAC/SON] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eria-

verb. to rise

Noldorin [Ety/ORO; EtyAC/ORO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Quenya

ore

noun. seed, grain

A noun appearing as ᴱQ. ore (ori-) “seed, grain” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√ORO (QL/70). Tolkien indicated its primitive form was ✱[or]ı̯ǝ. Tolkien also indicated that its root may be better analyzed as o- + ᴱ√RIẎI “scatter” (QL/70, 80).

Neo-Quenya: There are indications that the root ᴹ√RĪI̯ survived until at least the early 1930s, so I would salvage this early word but update it to ᴺQ. ori “grain” = o + . I would use the later word ᴹQ. erde for “seed”, however. I would assume that like English “grain”, ori be used both collectively for a mass of “grain” as well as an individual “grain”.

Early Quenya [QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

óre

noun. dawn, Sunrise, East

Early Quenya [LT1A/Oromë; MC/214; QL/054; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oreros

proper name. Eastwind

Name of the eastern wind in the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s (QL/71). It initial element is clearly óre “dawn, East”, but the meaning of the second element is unclear.

Early Quenya [QL/071] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oresul

proper name. Eastwind

Name of the eastern wind in the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s (QL/71), a combination of óre “dawn, East” with a variant of súlime “wind”.

Early Quenya [QL/071] Group: Eldamo. Published by

órea

adjective. of the dawn, Eastern

Early Quenya [LT1A/Oromë; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maika

adjective. cruel

Early Quenya [GL/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mile

noun. seed

Early Quenya [QL/061] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eldairon

masculine name. Ælfwine

Qenya name for Ælfwine from the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/313). Most likely it also means “Elf-friend” since its initial element is clearly Elda “Elf”, but the etymology of the second element is unclear.

Early Quenya [LT2/313; LT2I/Eldairon] Group: Eldamo. Published by

olirdea

adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels

oro-

verb. to rise

Early Quenya [LT1A/Kalormë; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ulird(e)a

adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels

@@@ possibly based on unattested hir(d) “innards, bowels, guts”, cognate of ᴱN. girdh, as suggested by Damien Bador in private correspondance

Early Quenya [PE13/144; PE13/161] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

oren

adjective. hot (weather)

Early Noldorin [PE13/151; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orerdh

adjective. without bowels, pitiless

olerdh

adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels

Early Noldorin [PE13/144; PE13/161; PE13/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galad

noun. dawn

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

ger

noun. ore, metal

geth

noun. ore of metals (esp. raw iron)

faig

adjective. cruel

am(b)ros(t)

noun. dawn

Gnomish [GL/19; PE13/110; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amrost

noun. dawn

aurost

noun. dawn

haurost

noun. dawn

Gnomish [GL/20; LT1A/Ûr; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

elendil

masculine name. Elf-friend

Qenya [Ety/NIL; LR/029; LR/031; LR/048; LRI/Elendil; RS/197; RS/215; RSI/Elendil; RSI/Orendil; SD/403; SDI1/Elendil; SDI2/Elendil; SDI2/Nimruzân; SDI2/Nimruzîr; TII/Elendil; WRI/Elendil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

elesser

masculine name. Elf-friend

A variant of Elendil appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/SER), perhaps a compound of the root ᴹ√ELED “star-folk, Elf” and the suffix -ser “friend”, as indicated by the archaic form †Eleðser.

elériel

masculine name. Ælfwine

A rejected variant of Elendil appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (EtyAC/ÑEL), perhaps a compound of the root ᴹ√ELED “star-folk, Elf” and the (rejected) suffix -el “friend”.

naikea

adjective. cruel

nwalka

adjective. cruel

orta-

verb. to rise

Qenya [Ety/ORO; PE22/100; PE22/104; PE22/106; PE22/107; PE22/109; PE22/111; PE22/114; PE22/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orya-

verb. to rise

Qenya [PE22/114; PE22/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Rohirric

orald

masculine name. Orald

Rohirric [LotRI/Bombadil; RC/761; TII/Orald] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

or-

verb. to rise

Old Noldorin [Ety/ORO; EtyAC/ORO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

eredē

noun. seed

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ERÉD; EtyAC/ERÉD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orta-

verb. to rise

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/098] Group: Eldamo. Published by