-ina ending for what Tolkien called "general 'passive' participle" (VT43:15); compare nótina "counted", rácina "broken", hastaina "marred" (q.v.). The stem-vowel is usually lengthened when the ending is added to the stem of a primary verb (as in the two first examples above), though the lengthening fails to occur (or is not denoted) in carina as the passive participle of car- "make, do" (VT43:15).
Quenya
rácina
adjective. broken
Element in
- Q. man tiruva rácina cirya? “Who shall heed a broken ship?” ✧ MC/222
Elements
Word Gloss rac- “to break” Variations
- rákina ✧ MC/222; MC/223
racina
stripped, deprived
-ina
general 'passive' participle
rac-
break
rac- ("k")vb. "break", past participle rácina ("k") "broken" in Markirya
rusta
broken
rusta adj.? "broken" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")
#racina adj. "stripped, deprived"; this adj. is only attested in the pl. (racinë ["k"]). Compare rácina under rac- above. Cf. #racina tengwë (only pl. racinë tengwi ("k") is attested) "stripped sign", "deprived sign"; in early Elvish analysis of Quenya the term for a consonant with no following vowel; the vowel was held to have disappeared or been omitted (VT39:6)