varya-

to protect

varya- vb. "to protect" (BAR)

turma

shield

turma (1) noun "shield" (TURÚM).

sanda

noun. shield

Cognates

• S. thand “shield” ✧ UT/281

Derivations

• ✶thandā “shield” ✧ UT/282

Element in

• Q. sandastan “shield-barrier” ✧ UT/282

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶thandā > sanda	[tʰandā] > [θandā] > [θanda] > [sanda]	✧ UT/282

umbas

shield

umbas (þ) noun "shield" (VT45:33)

alatya-

verb. to shield, ward off, protect

thand

noun. shield

thand

noun. shield

Cognates

• Q. sanda “shield” ✧ UT/281

Derivations

• ✶thandā “shield” ✧ UT/282

Element in

• S. thangail “shield-fence, shield-wall” ✧ UT/281

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶thandā > Than-	[tʰandā] > [tʰanda] > [θanda] > [θand] > [θann]	✧ UT/282

Variations

• Than- ✧ UT/281 (Than-)

thangail

noun. shield-fence, a battle formation of the Dúnedain

beria

protect

(i veria, i meriar)

beria

protect

beria- (i veria, i meriar)

caw

zyE noun. shelter, protection

A theoretical noun from supposed OS *kauma < KAW (the root of Q cauma 'id.', PE17/108).

osta-

verb. to surround with walls, build up, fortify, protect; to surround

Derivations

• ᴹ√OS “round, about”

thangail

shield wall, shield fence

. No distinct pl. form. *(UT:281) ***

amath

shield

(pl. emaith)

thand

shield

(noun) 1) thand, construct than, pl. thaind, coll. pl. thannath; 2) amath (pl. emaith);

thand

shield

construct than, pl. thaind, coll. pl. thannath

sot

root. shelter, protect, defend

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. sótë “refuge”

Element in

• ✶ostō “fortress or stronghold” ✧ WJ/414

Variations

• soto ✧ WJ/414

kaw

root. shelter

This root was primarily used as the basis for the word Q. coa “house”, which first appeared (without the root) in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (WJ/369). The root √KAW “shelter” appeared in various etymological notes from the mid-to-late 1960s (PE17/107-108, 164; VT47/35). The root √KAWA also appeared in the 2nd version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa written around 1950, but there it was unglossed and had no glossed derivatives, so whether it meant “shelter” in the early 1950s is unclear.

The only published root with form similar to √KAWA prior to 1950 is ᴱ√KAẆA “stoop” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/45), also appearing as kava- or cava- in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/25, 27). The Ẇ is Tolkien’s usual representation of derivatives of ancient labialized velar spirants [ɣʷ] or [xʷ] (PE12/15-16). The derivatives of this root included words like ᴱQ. kauko/G. caug “humpback” and ᴱQ. kawa-/G. cam(m)a- “bow”, so it seems to have no connection to later √KAW other than its similarity in form.

Derivatives

• ✶kawa “shelter, house” ✧ PE17/108; VT47/35
  • Q. cöa “house; outhouse, shed, hut, booth; building used for a dwelling or other purposes; †body” ✧ PE17/108; VT47/35
• ✶kā “home, house” ✧ VT47/35
• Q. cöa “house; outhouse, shed, hut, booth; building used for a dwelling or other purposes; †body” ✧ PE17/107; PE17/164

Element in

• Q. cauma “protection, shelter, shield” ✧ PE17/108

Variations

• KAWA ✧ PE18/082
• kāw(ɜ) ✧ VT47/35

thandā

noun. shield

Derivatives

• Q. sanda “shield” ✧ UT/282
• S. thand “shield” ✧ UT/282

beria-

verb. to protect

beria-

verb. to protect

Cognates

• ᴹQ. varya- “to protect” ✧ Ety/BAR

Derivations

• ᴹ✶baryā- “to protect” ✧ Ety/BAR
  • ᴹ√BAR “raise; uplift, save, rescue(?)” ✧ Ety/BAR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶baryā́- > berio	[barja-] > [baria-] > [beria-]	✧ Ety/BAR

amath

noun. shield

amath

noun. shield

Cognates

• ᴹQ. umbas “shield” ✧ EtyAC/MBAT(H)

Derivations

• ᴹ√MBAT(H) “screen, shield” ✧ EtyAC/MBAT(H)

Element in

• N. Orchelanath ✧ EtyAC/MBAT(H) (Orchallamath)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√MBAT(H) > ambath > amath	[ṃbatʰ] > [ambatʰ] > [ambaθ] > [ambaθ] > [ammaθ] > [amaθ]	✧ EtyAC/MBAT(H)

ambath

noun. shield