tecil ("k")noun "pen" (TEK, PM:318, VT47:8)
Quenya
pen
without, not having
pen
preposition. without, not having
Derivations
- √PEN “lack, be without, have not” ✧ PE17/171
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √PEN > pen [pen] ✧ PE17/171
tecil
pen
tecil
noun. pen
Cognates
- S. tegil “pen” ✧ PM/318; VT47/08
Derivatives
- S. tegil “pen” ✧ VT47/08
Variations
- tekil ✧ PM/318; VT47/08
penya
lacking, inadequate
penya adj. "lacking, inadequate"; pl. penyë in penyë tengwi "lacking signs", "inadequate signs"; in early Elvish analysis of Quenya the term for vowels with no preceding consonant, held (in many cases incorrectly) to have lost such a consonant (VT39:6, 8)
-enca
without, -less
-enca suffix "without, -less" (PE17:167), cf. nec-, q.v.
quén
one, (some)body, person, individual, man or woman
quén (quen-, as in pl. queni; as final element in compounds -quen) noun "one, (some)body, person, individual, man or woman", pl. queni = "persons", "(some) people", "they" with the most general meaning (as in "they [= people in general] say that..."). The element is combined with noun and adjective stems in old compounds to denote habitual occupations or functions, or to describe those having some notable (permanent) quality; examples include roquen, ciryaquen, arquen, q.v. Also in aiquen "whoever", ilquen "everybody" (WJ:361 cf. 360, 372).
er
one, alone
er cardinal "one, alone" (ERE, VT48:6, VT49:54), in an early source also adv. "only, but, still" (LT1:269); Eru er "one God" (VT44:17; er was here emended by Tolkien from erëa, which seems to be an adjectival form *"one, single".)
ve
pronoun. us (inclusive)
Derivations
Element in
- Q. hrívë úva véna “winter is drawing near (to us)” ✧ PE22/167; VT49/14
- Q. inwë “ourselves (inclusive)”
- ᴺQ. venya “ours (inclusive)”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶wē̆ > vē̆ [wē] > [βē] > [vē] ✧ PE17/130 ✶wi > vi [wi] > [βi] > [vi] ✧ PE17/130 Variations
- vē̆ ✧ PE17/130
- vi ✧ PE17/130
- vé ✧ VT49/51
a
cardinal. one
erëa
cardinal. one
erëa adj.? "one" or *"single", apparently an adjectival form (see er) (VT44:17)
lér
man
**lér noun "man" (NI1; hypothetical Q form of PQ dēr; the form actually used in Quenya was nér)
min
cardinal. one
min numeral "one", also minë (VT45:34, VT48:6)
min
cardinal. one, one, [ᴱQ.] one (in a series), the first
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
minë
cardinal. one
minë numeral "one", also min (MINI, VT45:34)
mir
cardinal. one
mir (2) cardinal "one" (LT1:260; in LotR-style Quenya rather minë)
nér
man
nér (1) (ner-, as in pl. neri) noun "man" (adult male elf, mortal, or of other speaking race) (MR:213, VT49:17, DER, NDER, NI1, VT45:9; see also WJ:393)
nér
noun. man
ter
through
ter (1), also terë, prep. "through", "throughout" (Notes on CO, UT:317, TER/TERES, Narqelion, VT44:33, 35, VT49:41, 42). The preposition is used both with spatial and temporal reference: ter i·aldar "through the trees" (Narqelion, cf. VT49:42), ter coivierya "throughout his/her life", ter yénion yéni "through years of years" (VT49:42, VT44:33, 35)
ter
preposition. through
Derivations
- √TER “pierce”
Element in
- Q. et sillumello ter yénion yéni tenn’ ambarmetta “*from this hour, through years of years until the ending of the world” ✧ VT44/35
- Q. nai amanya onnalya ter coivierya “*may your (sg.) child be blessed throughout his/her life” ✧ VT49/42
- Q. nai calambar onnalda ter coivierya “*may your (pl.) child be light-fated throughout his/her life” ✧ VT49/42
- Q. tercáno “herald”
- ᴺQ. tercara “thorough, elaborate, comprehensive”
- Q. tercen “insight, *(lit.) through-sight”
- ᴺQ. tercénima “transparent”
- ᴺQ. tercol- “to endure, carry through”
- Q. termar- “to stand, *endure, last, (lit.) through-abide” ✧ UT/317
- ᴺQ. tervanta- “to traverse”
- Q. terpellië “*temptation”
- Q.
terfantië“*temptation”
vëo
man
†vëo noun "man" (WEG; etymologically connected to vëa "manly, vigorous"; the more neutral word for "man" is nér. According to VT46:21, Tolkien indicated that vëo is an archaic or poetic word.) Tolkien at a later point defined the word as "living creature" (PE17:189). Cf. variant wëo, q.v.
mis
less
mis adverbial particle "less" (PE14:80)
nec-
without, -less
nec- prefix "without, -less" (PE17:167), cf. -enca, q.v.
nec-
prefix. without
Derivations
- √NEK “divide, separate, part; deprive” ✧ PE17/167
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NEK > nec- [nek-] ✧ PE17/167
mo
somebody, one
vi
pronoun. us (inclusive)
mo
one, someone, anyone
mo, indefinite pronoun "one, someone, anyone" (VT42:34, VT49:19, 20, 26)
ú
without, destitute of
ú (1) adv. and prep. "without, destitute of" (VT39:14). Usually followed by genitive: ú calo "without light" (cala). In one source, ú is seemingly also used as a negative verb "was not" (VT49:13), but Tolkien revised the text in question.
au-
without
au- (3) privative prefix, = "without" (AWA)
ava-
without
ava- (3) prefix "without" (AR2, AWA). In some cases apparently used as a mere negation prefix: The form avalerya in VT41:6 is seemingly a negated form of the verb lerya- "release, set free"; the verb avalerya- is suggested to have the same meaning as the root KHAP = "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty". Likewise, the verb avalatya- from the same source seems to mean "to close, shut", this being a negated form of a verb *latya- "open" (q.v.)
ampícië
adverb. less
Elements
Word Gloss pic- “to lessen, dwindle, wane”
undo
less
@@@ from Discord challenges Feb 2022
Derivations
- √NŪ/UNU “down, under; go down, sink”
[pen prep. "without, not having" (PE17:171). Cf. Ú #1.]