Quenya 

orya-

rise

orya- vb. "rise" (intrasitive only, contrast orta-), pa.t. oronyë (PE17:64)

orya-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • √RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount, up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising” ✧ PE17/063; PE22/156; PE22/163
  • ✶orya- “to rise” ✧ PE22/157
    • √RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount, up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising” ✧ PE22/134

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√OR/ORO > óryă[orja-]✧ PE17/063
√OR > orya[orja-]✧ PE22/156
✶or-ṓryā̆ye > or-ṓryeı̯e > orórie[orōrjaje] > [orōrjie] > [orōrie]✧ PE22/157
√oro/ro > orya-[orja-]✧ PE22/163

Variations

  • óryă ✧ PE17/064
  • orya ✧ PE22/156; PE22/157
  • orya- ✧ PE22/163
Quenya [PE17/064; PE17/077; PE22/133; PE22/139; PE22/156; PE22/157; PE22/163; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orya-

verb. *to raise

@@@ seems to be mostly a theoretical example to illustrate yā-causative, orta- is preferable in ordinary speach

orta-

rise

orta- vb. "rise", also transitive "raise, lift up", pa.t. ortanë (Nam, RGEO:67, ORO; misreading "ortani" in Letters:426). According to PE17:63-64, this pa.t. form ortanë is only transitive ("raised"), whereas the intransitive pa.t. ("rose") is orontë. Cf. orya-.

orta-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • √RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount, up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising” ✧ PE17/063

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√OR/ORO > órta-[orta-]✧ PE17/063

Variations

  • orta ✧ PE17/052; PE22/164
  • órta- ✧ PE17/064
  • ortă ✧ PE22/157
Quenya [PE17/052; PE17/064; PE21/77; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oro-

rise

oro- (2) vb. "rise" (LT1:256; Tolkien's later Quenya has orta-, but cf. oro #1)

oronyë

oronyë

oronyë, pa.t. of orya-, q.v.

orta/orya

verb. rise

Quenya [PE 22:104, 114, 117; PE 22:133; PE 22:157,159,163f] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

tyulya-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TYUL “stand up (straight), stand up (straight); [ᴱ√] tall”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

rel-

verb. to sow

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

Sindarin 

ortha-

verb. to raise

Element in

  • S. orthad “*raising” ✧ MR/373

eria

rise

eria- (arise) (i eria, in eriar), pa.t. erias (VT46:7)

eria

rise

(arise) (i eria, in eriar), pa.t. **erias **(VT46:7)

redh-

verb. to sow

Element in

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

Primitive elvish

orya-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • √RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount, up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising” ✧ PE22/134

Derivatives

  • Q. orya- “to rise” ✧ PE22/157

Variations

  • or-ja ✧ PE22/134
  • orj-a ✧ PE22/135
Primitive elvish [PE22/134; PE22/135; PE22/139; PE22/157; PE22/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ortā-

verb. to raise

Derivations

  • √RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount, up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising” ✧ PE18/089; PE18/106

Derivatives

  • Q. orta- “to raise, cause to rise, lift (up)” ✧ PE22/159

Variations

  • orta- ✧ PE18/089
  • ortā́ ✧ PE18/106; PE22/135
  • ortā ✧ PE22/135
Primitive elvish [PE18/089; PE18/106; PE22/135; PE22/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

ortha-

verb. to raise

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to raise, lift” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • On. orta- “to raise” ✧ Ety/ORO
    • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. ortóbe > ortho[orta-] > [ortʰa-] > [orθa-]✧ Ety/ORO
Noldorin [Ety/ORO; PE22/031] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eria-

verb. to rise

Noldorin [Ety/379, VT/46:7] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eria-

verb. to rise

Changes

  • oria → erio ✧ Ety/ORO

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • On. or- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO
    • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. orie > erio[oria-] > [œria-] > [eria-]✧ Ety/ORO

Variations

  • oria ✧ EtyAC/ORO (oria)
Noldorin [Ety/ORO; EtyAC/ORO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhedh-

verb. to sow

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing in its [Noldorin] infinitive form N. rheði “to sow” under the root ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow” (Ety/RED).

Neo-Sindarin: Since initial r unvoiced to rh in Noldorin of the 1930s but not in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s, most Neo-Sindarin writers adapt this word as ᴺS. redh- “to sow”, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. rer- “to sow” ✧ Ety/RED

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow” ✧ Ety/RED

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√RED > rheði[red-] > [reð-] > [r̥eð-]✧ Ety/RED

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

orya-

verb. to rise

Element in

  • ᴹQ. ororia- “to keep on rising (and falling)”

Variations

  • ory(a) ✧ PE22/114
Qenya [PE22/114; PE22/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orta-

verb. to rise

Cognates

  • On. or- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO
  • N. eria- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶orta- “to rise”
    • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ PE22/098
  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ORO > orta-[orta-]✧ Ety/ORO

Variations

  • orta- ✧ Ety/ORO
  • órt(a) ✧ PE22/106 (órt(a))
  • órta ✧ PE22/107; PE22/115
  • ort(a) ✧ PE22/114
  • orta ✧ PE22/115
Qenya [Ety/ORO; PE22/100; PE22/104; PE22/106; PE22/107; PE22/109; PE22/111; PE22/114; PE22/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orta-

verb. to raise, lift

Cognates

  • On. orta- “to raise” ✧ Ety/ORO
  • N. ortha- “to raise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ortā- “to raise”
    • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ PE18/039; PE22/098
  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ORO > orta-[orta-]✧ Ety/ORO

Variations

  • orta- ✧ Ety/ORO
  • ortā́ ✧ PE22/106 (ortā́); PE22/106 (ortā́); PE22/114
  • ortā ✧ PE22/107
Qenya [Ety/ORO; PE22/104; PE22/105; PE22/106; PE22/107; PE22/108; PE22/109; PE22/114; PE22/115; PE22/117] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rer-

verb. to sow

A verb appearing as 1st sg. ᴹQ. rerin “I sow” with past tense rende in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from the root ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow” (Ety/RED). Here the ancient d became r as it usually did after vowels.

Neo-Quenya: In both Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) from the 1930s and Outline of Phonology (OP2) from the 1950s, Tolkien indicated that when medial d followed an r, it could dissimilate to l rather that following its usual development to r (PE19/32, PE19/70). In OP2 he gave the verb Q. ral- < √RAD as an example (PE19/99). Thus it is possible that ᴹQ. rer- should be revised to ᴺQ. rel- “to sow” to fit this rule, as suggested by Elaran. However, since Tolkien had this rule in the 1930s but still had ᴹQ. rer- in The Etymologies, I prefer to think the dissimilation of medial d to l was a sporadic change, and would therefore retain rer- for purposes of Neo-Quenya.

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. orya- “sow” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√ORO (QL/70).

Cognates

  • N. rhedh- “to sow” ✧ Ety/RED

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow” ✧ Ety/RED

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√RED > rerin[redin] > [reðin] > [rerin]✧ Ety/RED

Old Noldorin 

orta-

verb. to raise

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to raise, lift” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivatives

  • N. ortha- “to raise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ORO > ortóbe[orta-]✧ Ety/ORO
Old Noldorin [Ety/ORO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

or-

verb. to rise

Changes

  • orta → ortie ✧ Ety/ORO

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ Ety/ORO

Derivatives

  • N. eria- “to rise” ✧ Ety/ORO

Variations

  • orta ✧ EtyAC/ORO (orta)
Old Noldorin [Ety/ORO; EtyAC/ORO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

orta-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ PE22/098

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to rise”

Variations

  • ort-ă ✧ PE22/098
  • ory-ă ✧ PE22/098
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/098] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ortā-

verb. to raise

Derivations

  • ᴹ√RŌ/ORO “rise, up, high” ✧ PE18/039; PE22/098

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. orta- “to raise, lift”

Variations

  • orta ✧ PE18/039
  • ortā ✧ PE22/098
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE18/039; PE22/098] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

orya-

verb. to sow

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ORO “*sow” ✧ QL/070

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ORO² > orya-[orja-]✧ QL/070
Early Quenya [QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oro-

verb. to rise

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ORO “steepness, rising” ✧ LT1A/Kalormë; QL/070

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ORO¹ > oro-[oro-]✧ QL/070
Early Quenya [LT1A/Kalormë; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

orto-

verb. to raise

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ORO “steepness, rising” ✧ LT1A/Kalormë; QL/070

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√ORO¹ > orto-[orto-]✧ QL/070
Early Quenya [LT1A/Kalormë; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amu-

verb. to raise

Derivations

  • ᴱ√AM(U) “up(wards)” ✧ LT2A/Amon Gwareth; QL/030

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√AM(U) > amu-[amu-]✧ QL/030
Early Quenya [LT2A/Amon Gwareth; QL/030] Group: Eldamo. Published by