orro

ugh, alas! ow!

orro (also horro) "ugh, alas! ow!" (interjection "of horror, pain, disgust") (VT45:17)

orro

interjection. alas!

orrostar

place name. Eastlands

The eastern region of Númenor (UT/165), a combination of the prefix orro- of orró- “east” and the plural of the suffix -sta “land”.

Orrostar

eastlands

Orrostar place-name, the "Eastlands" of Númenor (UT:165)

orró-

uprising, sunrise, east

orró-, hró- "uprising, sunrise, east" (PE17:18), element underlying words like the following, and also hróna (q.v.)

orró-

prefix. uprising, sunrise, east

orróna

eastern

orróna adj. "eastern" (PE17:18)

orróna

adjective. eastern

horro

ugh, alas! ow!

horro (also orro) interjection "ugh, alas! ow!" (said to be an interjection "of horror, pain, disgust") (VT45:17)

ro-

prefix. uprising, sunrise, east

Ambarónë

uprising, sunrise, orient

Ambarónë noun "uprising, sunrise, Orient" (AM2)

hró-

prefix. east

hróme(n)

noun. east

hróna

eastern

hróna adj. "eastern" (PE17:18), apparently a variant of róna, q.v. (itself not clearly glossed).

róme

noun. east

rómenya

eastern

rómenya adj. "eastern" (RŌ)

róna

adjective. east

rhufen

adjective. east

azûl

noun. east

A noun for “east” attested only in the prepositional phrase azûlada “eastward, ✱to the east” = azûl + -ada “to(ward)” (SD/247, 312).

rhúnen

adjective. eastern

rhúnen

adjective. eastern

rhûn

place name. East

Name of the region in the east and also part of the title of the Sea of Rhûn (LotR/1045), it is simply rhûn “east” used as a name.

Conceptual Development: On draft maps for the Lord of the Rings from the 1940s, the name of the sea was N. Rhûnaer “Eastern Sea” (TI/307), also appearing as Rúnaer >> Rhúnaer in drafts of the Lord of the Rings appendices (PM/198). A similar form N. Rúnaeluin appears in the drafts of the final chapters of the Lord of the Rings, and might be a variation of this name (SD/65, 71 note #9).

rhûn

noun. east, east, [N.] eastern; †rising

The Sindarin word for “east”, cognate of Q. rómen (LotR/1116, 1123). It was ultimately derived from the root √RŌ/ORO “rise” (Ety/RŌ), and so likely originally meant “rising” as in “rising sun” (PE22/35).

Conceptual Development: The word N. rhûn “east” appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s along with ᴹQ. rómen, both derived from ᴹ√RŌ (Ety/RŌ). At the time, there were no problems with this equivalence, since [[n|initial [r] was unvoiced]] in Noldorin. Tolkien went on to use both these forms in The Lord of the Rings.

Unfortunately, Tolkien later abandoned the unvoicing of initial r in Sindarin, making these two forms problematic. Tolkien considered modifying the Sindarin form to rûn (PE17/88) or the Quenya form to hrómen (PE17/18). The latter was probably derived from an s-strengthened form of the root ᴹ√SRŌ (PE22/127), where the initial sr- would become voiceless [r] in both Quenya and Sindarin. Ultimately, though, he left both forms alone. Perhaps he decided the s-strengthening of the root was a Sindarin-only variant.

rûn

noun. east

amrûn

uprising

(noun) amrûn (sunrise, orient, east), pl. emrŷn

amrûn

uprising

(sunrise, orient, east), pl. emrŷn

rhu

east

*(as in Rhudaur ”Eastwood”, name of a realm: rhu- + taur ”wood”)*.

rhunen

eastern

rhunen (lenited ?thrunen or ?runen the lenition product of rh- is uncertain), pl. rhúnin

rhunen

eastern

(lenited ?thrunen or ?runen – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain)*, pl. rhúnin

rhûn

east

(?na Thrûn) (maybe primarily ”the East” as a region), also amrûn (sunrise, orient, uprising). The term ✱Rhúven (?na Thrúven) is maybe primarily ”east” as a direction; the final element means ”way”. This word is spelt ”rhufen” in the source (LR:384 s.v. RŌ), but it would seem that f here represents v. –

(s)rō Reconstructed

root. east