Quenya 

órë

noun. heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition

The meaning of the Quenya word órë is quite subtle, and does not have a direct equivalent in English. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien translated the word as “heart (inner mind)” (LotR/1123), but elsewhere he said that this was a poor translation of the word (VT41/11; NM/220). Tolkien wrote a lengthy essay on the nature of this word, first published in the year 2000 (VT41/11-19) and again in 2021 (NM/219-225). In this essay Tolkien described it as the source of wisdom and moral impulses that informed one’s judgement, so perhaps the closest English equivalent is “conscience”. This is still not quite right, however, since the órë could be the source of negative impulses as well, particularly among Men (VT41/13; NM/223). Furthermore, divine powers such as the Valar could sometimes (but not always) communicate subtly through one’s órë (VT41/15). Galadriel was described as having a particularly noble and generous órë (PM/337).

This word could also be used with the sense “warning, caution” (VT41/15) or even “premonition” (VT41/13). It seems that the órë and its urges was viewed as almost external to the mind itself, as indicated by the phrase órenya quetë nin “my heart tells me” = “I feel compelled to ...”, not unlike the pop-cultural “shoulder angel and devil” whispering into your ear. Tolkien said that in Quenya this word was associated with the sense of √OR “rise” and its urges were seen as rising up within the spirit (VT41/13). Compare this to the words for ordinary feelings, such as fëafelmë “✱(lit.) spirit-impulse”.

The word órë was also the name of tengwa #21 used for a weak and untrilled medial r (LotR/1123), many of which originated from primitive intervocalic [z] or [d]. There is no sign that órë ever had such a consonant medially, however, and it seems this name was chosen simply because it had a medial r.

Conceptual Development: There is no clear precursor to this word in Tolkien’s earlier writings, except perhaps ᴹQ. hóre “impulse” (Ety/KHOR).

Cognates

  • T. órë “heart (inner mind)” ✧ VT41/15; VT41/11
  • S. gûr “heart (inner mind)” ✧ VT41/11

Derivations

  • gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
    • GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11
  • GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ VT41/15

Element in

  • Q. ondórëa “hard-hearted, pitiless”
  • Q. órenya quéta nin “my heart is saying to me” ✧ VT41/13
  • Q. órenya quetë nin “my heart tells me” ✧ VT41/11
  • Q. óricuvoitë “uncommunicative, keeping one’s own counsel (not necessarily sinister)” ✧ PE22/155
  • ᴺQ. óripanta “sincere, honest, open, (lit.) open-hearted”

Variations

  • óre ✧ LotR/1123; VT41/11; VT41/11; VT41/12; VT41/13; VT41/13; VT41/13; VT41/13; VT41/14; VT41/15; VT41/15
  • ōre ✧ VT41/13
Quenya [LotR/1123; PE22/155; PM/337; VT41/11; VT41/12; VT41/13; VT41/14; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

-nya

my

-nya pronominal suffix, 1st person sg. possessive, "my" (VT49:16, 38, 48), e.g. tatanya "my daddy" (UT:191, VT48:17), meldonya "my [male] friend" (VT49:38), meldenya "my [female] friend" (Elaine inscription), omentienya "my meeting" (PE17:68), tyenya "my tye" (tye being an intimate form of "you"), used = "dear kinsman" (VT49:51, 56). This ending seems to prefer i as its connecting vowel where one is needed, cf. Anarinya "my sun" in LR:72, so also in hildinyar "my heirs". It was previously theorized by some that a final -ë would also be changed to -i- before -nya, but the example órenya "my heart [órë]" indicates that this is not the case (VT41:11).

elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

ninya

my

ninya _possessive pron _occurring in Fíriel's Song, evidently meaning "my"; see indo-ninya. It may be derived from the dative form nin "for me" by adding the adjectival ending -ya. Compare menya, q.v.

-nya

suffix. my

Element in

  • Q. amya “mummy, (orig.) my mother”
  • Q. atya “daddy, (my) father”
  • Q. onya “my child”
Quenya [PE17/057; PE17/067; PE17/132; PE17/190; VT49/16; VT49/38; VT49/48] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

-en

suffix. my

_1st sg. poss. suff. my.See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Later -nin_. >> lammen, -nin

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

Sindarin [VT/41:11,15] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

  • Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/11

Derivations

  • gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
    • GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
gorē > gûr[gorē] > [gōre] > [gūre] > [gūr]✧ VT41/11

nín

adjective. my

The acute accent in nín has sometimes been regarded as an error for a slanted macron in the manuscript, since all the other attested personal adjectives from Sauron defeated all have a circumflex accent. It was however noted that if the acute accent is confirmed, then this word is probably an enclitic, see HL/73. The acute accent is now confirmed by VT/44

Sindarin [UT/40, VT/44:22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nín

pronoun. my

Derivations

  • ni “I, me”

Element in

Sindarin [UT/040; UT/054; VT44/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

hûn

heart

1) (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix - apparently meaning ”heart”..

nín

my

nín (following a noun with article: i adar nín, ”my father”). Not to be confused with nîn ”watery, wet” or as noun ”tear”, or the pl. form of nên ”water”. In a very few attested cases, the pronoun ”my” appears as an ending -en added to a noun (lammen ”my tongue”, guren ”my heart”).

nín

my

(following a noun with article: i adar nín, ”my father”). Not to be confused with nîn ”watery, wet” or as noun ”tear”, or the pl. form of nên ”water”. – In a very few attested cases, the pronoun ”my” appears as an ending -en added to a noun (lammen ”my tongue”, guren ”my heart”).

Telerin 

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

  • Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/15; VT41/11

Derivations

  • gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
    • GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11
  • GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ VT41/15

Element in

Variations

  • ōre ✧ VT41/11; VT41/11
  • hōre ✧ VT41/15
Telerin [VT41/11; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nia

pronoun. my

Derivations

  • ni “I, me”

Element in

Noldorin 

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

Noldorin [Ety/364] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

ninya

pronoun. my, my; [ᴺQ.] mine

Element in

Variations

  • inya ✧ PE22/123 (inya); PE22/123 (inya)
Qenya [LR/072; PE22/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

khōn

noun. heart

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHO(N) “heart (physical)”

Variations

  • khō-n ✧ PE21/55
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/55; PE21/64; PE21/66] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

elf

noun. heart

Changes

  • elfelf(in) “feeling, heart” ✧ GL/32

Cognates

  • Eq. elwen “heart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart”

Element in

  • G. Elfrin(iol) “Littleheart” ✧ GL/32 (Elfriniol); GL/32 (elfrin)
  • G. Elfrith “Littleheart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23

Variations

  • elfeg ✧ GL/32 (elfeg)
  • Elf ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
Gnomish [GL/32; LT2/202; PE15/23] Group: Eldamo. Published by

honn

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondhonn ✧ GL/49

Cognates

  • Eq. hon “heart”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HONO “*heart”

Variations

  • hond ✧ GL/49 (hond)

ilf

noun. heart

Cognates

  • Eq. elwen “heart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart”

Element in

  • G. Ilfrin “Littleheart” ✧ GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin; LT1A/Ilverin
  • G. Ilfrith “Dear Heart” ✧ GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin
Gnomish [GL/49; GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhonn

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondlhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/147
  • hondlhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/149

Cognates

  • Eq. hon “heart” ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162

Element in

  • En. urhonn “heartless” ✧ PE13/156

Variations

  • hond ✧ PE13/147 (hond); PE13/149 (hond)
  • honn ✧ PE13/156 (honn)
Early Noldorin [PE13/147; PE13/149; PE13/156; PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

elben

noun. heart

elwen

noun. heart

A word appearing as ᴱQ. Elben “heart” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin of the 1910s (LT2/202; PE15/23), but as ᴱQ. Elwen “heart” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√LEFE (QL/35, 52). These words were connected to the character G. Elfrith who vanished from later versions of the Legendarium.

Cognates

  • G. elf “heart” ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
  • G. ilf “heart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LEFE “*heart” ✧ QL/035; QL/052

Element in

  • Eq. Elwenil(do) “Littleheart” ✧ LT1A/Ilverin (Elwenildo); LT2/202 (Elbenil)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LEFE > Elwen[elɸen] > [elβen] > [elwen]✧ QL/035
ᴱ√LEFE > elwen[elɸen] > [elβen] > [elwen]✧ QL/052

Variations

  • Elben ✧ LT2/202; PE15/23
  • Elwen ✧ QL/035
Early Quenya [LT1A/Ilverin; LT2/202; PE15/23; QL/035; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hon

noun. heart

Changes

  • hondolonda “heart” ✧ PE13/162

Cognates

  • En. lhonn “heart” ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162
  • G. honn “heart”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HONO “*heart” ✧ QL/040

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√HONO > hon[xondo] > [xondǝ] > [xond] > [hond] > [hon]✧ QL/040

Variations

  • londa ✧ PE13/149; PE13/162
  • hondo ✧ PE13/162 (hondo); QL/040
  • honde ✧ PE16/137
  • hon ✧ QL/040
Early Quenya [PE13/149; PE13/162; PE15/32; PE16/137; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

honde

noun. heart

hondo

noun. heart

londa

noun. heart