rub
Quenya
mul-
grind
psar
verb. rub
mul-
verb. to grind, *pulverize
Cognates
- ᴺS. mol- “to grind, pulverize”
Derivations
- √MUL “grind (fine)”
Element in
- ᴺQ. mulondo “millstone”
Sindarin
run-
verb. to rub, grind
Derivations
- √RUN “rub, grind, smooth, polish, rub, grind, smooth, polish; [ᴹ√] flat of hand or sole of foot”
mol-
verb. to grind, pulverize
A neologism coined by Fiona Jallings in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) on 2018-07-08, a cognate of [ᴱQ.] mul- “grind”.
Cognates
- ᴺQ. mul- “to grind, *pulverize”
Derivations
- √MUL “grind (fine)”
Element in
tallif
noun. ankle
Cognates
- ᴺQ. tallimë “ankle, (lit.) foot-link”
Elements
Word Gloss tâl “foot; [lower] end” lîf “link, link, *joint”
Quendya
psar-
verb. rub
Primitive elvish
run
root. rub, grind, smooth, polish, rub, grind, smooth, polish; [ᴹ√] flat of hand or sole of foot
A root appearing in an undated note from around 1968 as part of an explanation for the tree-name S. lebethron, given as {√RON >>} √RUN “rub, grind, smooth, polish”, with a derivatives Q. runda “smooth, polished” and [deleted] ron “smoothed by polishing”, probably Sindarin (PE17/89).
The Etymologies of the 1930s instead had the root ᴹ√RUN “flat of hand or sole of foot” with derivatives like ᴹQ. runya/N. rhein “footprint”, and also as the basis for the final element of ᴹQ. tallune/N. tellen “sole of foot” (Ety/RUN). It’s conceivable the two iterations of the root are related based on the “smoothness” of the hand or foot.
Changes
RON→ RUN ✧ PE17/089Derivatives
Variations
- RUN ✧ PE17/089; PE17/183
- RON ✧ PE17/089 (
RON)
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Gnomish
grind
noun. ankle, wrist
grinn
noun. ankle, wrist
A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s given as {grind >>} grinn “ankle, wrist”, an element in G. mabrin(d) “wrist = ✱hand grinn” and G. talgrin(d) “ankle = ✱foot grinn” (GL/42, 55, 69). As such, it seems to refer to a body joint, but specifically limited to wrists or ankles. It may be related to (a variant of) the element rikta in ᴱQ. marikta “wrist” under the early root ᴱ√RIKI (QL/80).
Changes
grind→ grinn “ankle, wrist” ✧ GL/42Derivations
- ᴱ√RIKI “*twist”
Element in
- G. mabrin(d) “wrist” ✧ GL/42 (
mabrin); GL/55; GL/69- G. talgrin(d) “ankle” ✧ GL/42 (
taldrin); GL/69Variations
- grind ✧ GL/42 (
grind); GL/55; GL/69
talgrin(d)
noun. ankle
A word appearing as G. {talrid >> talrind >>} talgrin(d) “ankle” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (along with a number of other rejected variants), a combination of G. tâl “foot” and G. grinn “ankle, wrist” (GL/69) and analogous to G. mabrin(d) “wrist”.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would adapt this early word as ᴺS. tallif “ankle, (lit.) foot-link”, with a second element S. lîf “link” as seen in the 1968 word S. molif “wrist, (lit.) hand link” (VT47/6).
Changes
talrind→ talgrind “ankle” ✧ GL/69taldrin(d)→ talgrin ✧ GL/69talrid→ talrind “ankle” ✧ GL/69Elements
Word Gloss tâl “foot” grinn “ankle, wrist” Variations
- taldrin ✧ GL/42 (
taldrin); LT2A/Talceleb- talgrind ✧ GL/69
- talgrin ✧ GL/69
- talrind ✧ GL/69 (
talrind); LT2A/Talceleb- taldrin(d) ✧ GL/69 (
taldrin(d))- talrid ✧ GL/69 (
talrid)- taldrid ✧ GL/69 (
taldrid)- tallid ✧ GL/69 (
tallid)
Early Primitive Elvish
mṛðṛ
root. grind
A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s given as ᴱ√MṚŘṚ with derivatives like ᴱQ. mar (mard-) “grit, course grain or powder”, ᴱQ. mard- “grind, pulverize” and ᴱQ. marma “sand” (QL/63). In a list of roots at the end of the M-section, ᴱ√MṚÐṚ was gloss “grind” (QL/63). Early in the M-section Tolkien had the root {ᴱ√MAŘA² >>} ᴱ√MARA as a dialectical variation or byform of ᴱ√MṚŘṚ, with the derivative ᴱQ. marilla “pearl” (QL/59); see that entry for details. The Gnomish cognate of ᴱQ. marilla was given as G. brithla “pearl” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/24), and this Gnomish word probably a derivative of ᴱ√MṚÐṚ. In that document these words served as the base for ᴱQ. Silmaril and its Gnomish equivalent G. Silubrilt (GL/67). There are no signs of this root in Tolkien’s later writing, and Q. Silmaril was given different etymologies later on.
Derivatives
Element in
- G. brithla “pearl”
Variations
- MṚŘṚ ✧ QL/059; QL/063
mṛřṛ
root. grind
gwaṙa
root. rub
A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “rub” (QL/103). There are no signs of it in Tolkien’s later writing.
Changes
WAṘA→ GWAṘA ✧ QL/103Derivatives
Variations
- WAṘA ✧ QL/103 (
WAṘA)
Early Quenya
mul(u)-
verb. to grind
A verb appearing as ᴱQ. mul- “grind” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√MULU “grind (fine)” (QL/63). In a nearby comparative list of roots it was given as mulu- “grind”.
Neo-Quenya: The 1968 word Q. mulë “meal” (PE17/115) indicates ✱√MUL survived in Tolkien’s later writing, so I would retain ᴺQ. mul- “to grind” for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
Derivations
- ᴱ√MULU “grind (fine)” ✧ QL/063; QL/063
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√MULU > mul- [mul-] ✧ QL/063 Variations
- mul- ✧ QL/063
- mulu- ✧ QL/063
mard(a)-
verb. to grind, pulverize
A verb appearing as ᴱQ. mard- “grind, pulverize” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√MṚÐṚ (QL/63), where syllabic ṛ became ar as usual before a dental consonant (PE12/11). In a nearby comparison list of roots it was given as marda- “grind” (QL/63/11).
Derivations
- ᴱ√MṚÐṚ “grind” ✧ QL/063; QL/063
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√MṚŘṚ > mard- [mṛð-] > [marð-] > [mard-] ✧ QL/063 Variations
- mard- ✧ QL/063
- marda- ✧ QL/063
mul- vb. "grind", pa.t. múle (QL:63)