ondo

stone

ondo noun "stone" as a material, also "rock" (UT:459, GOND). Pl. ondor in an earlier variant of Markirya; partitive pl. locative ondolissë "on rocks" in the final version. Compounded in ondomaitar "sculptor in stone" (PE17:163), Ondoher masc.name, *"Stone-lord" (ondo alluding to Ondonórë = Sindarin Gondor, "stone-land") (Appendix A), #ondolunca ("k") "stonewain", possessive form in the place-name Nand Ondoluncava "Stonewain Valley" (PE17:28, also Ondoluncanan(do) as a compound). Ondolindë place-name "Gondolin" (SA:gond, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 193); see Ondo. Earlier "Qenya" has Ondolinda _(changed from Ondolin) "singing stone, Gondolin" (LT1:254)_

ʼondō

noun. stone

PQ. stone

on

stone

on, ondo noun "stone" (LT2:342, LT1:254 probably only ondo in LotR-style Quenya, see below). Various "Qenya" forms: ondoli "rocks" (MC:213; this would be a partitive plural in LotR-style Quenya), ondolin "rocks" (MC:220), ondoisen "upon rocks" (MC:221), ondolissen "rocks-on" (MC:214; the latter form, partitive plural locative, is still valid in LotR-style Quenya).

Caliondo

rock

Caliondo, masc. name, maybe a longer form of Calion above (unless Caliondo contains ondo "rock") (UT:210)

gond

noun. great stone, rock

gond

stone

_n. _stone, rock. Archaic S. gond > gonn. Q. ondo. >> Gondor

gond

noun. stone, rock, stone, rock, [N.] stone (as a material), [G.] great stone

The basic word for “stone” or “rock” in Sindarin (PE17/28-29; WJ/201). More specifically, it was “stone as a material” (PE17/28; Ety/GOND) as opposed to an individual stone, which was S. sarn (RC/327; VT42/11). In one place Tolkien said “Sindarin had a short form gŏn- < ✱PQ gōn, gon-, stone, a stone, or a single thing made of stone” (PE17/28), and in another Tolkien said “shorter gon- was used for smaller objects made of stone, especially carved figures” (RC/347); this short form seems to be prefixal. Longer gond was derived from the root ᴹ√GONOD of essentially the same meaning, as was its Quenya cognate Q. ondo (Ety/GOND).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where this word appeared as G. gonn “great stone, rock” (GL/41). It was probably a derivative of ᴱ√ONO “hard” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon from which its Qenya cognate ᴱQ. on(d) “a stone” was derived (QL/70). The early root form was probably ✱ᴱ√ƷONO, with the initial ʒ vanishing in Qenya but becoming g in Gnomish. Later on, this derivation no longer worked, since Tolkien decided that initial ʒ became h in Qenya. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, this word appeared as N. gonn “stone (as a material)” with the derivation given above (Ety/GOND).

Neo-Sindarin: Tolkien gave this word as both gonn and gond, but in keeping with the notion that the sound “remained nd at the end of fully accented monosyllables” in Sindarin (LotR/1115), most Neo-Sindarin writers use gond.

Cognates

• Q. ondo “stone (as a material), (large mass of) rock” ✧ PE17/029; SA/gond

Derivations

• Os. gondo
  • ✶gondō “stone, rock” ✧ PE21/78
  • ᴹ√GONOD “stone”
• ✶gon- “a stone” ✧ PE17/028
• ✶gondō “stone, rock” ✧ RC/347
  • ᴹ√GONOD “stone”

Element in

• S. Argonath “Pillars of the Kings, (lit.) Royal Stones” ✧ RC/347; SA/gond
• S. Beregond “?Valiant Stone”
• S. Gondolin “Hidden Rock, (originally) Singing Stone” ✧ PE17/029; SA/gond; SA/gond; WJ/201
• S. Gondor “Stone-land” ✧ PE17/028; PE17/028; RC/347; SA/gond
• S. Gondrant “Stone-trail” ✧ NM/363
• ᴺS. gonneb “stony, rocky”
• S. Gonnhirrim “Masters of Stone” ✧ SA/gond
• ᴺS. gonnos “great rock”
• ᴺS. gonnoth “pillar, stele, memorial”
• S. Imrath Gondraich “Stonewain Valley”
• S. Nan Gondresgion “Stonewain Valley”
• S. seregon “stonecrop, plant with red flowers, (lit.) blood of stone” ✧ SA/gond
• S. Tum Gondregain “Stonewain Valley” ✧ NM/363

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶gōn/gon- > gŏn-	[gondō] > [gondo] > [gond] > [gonn]	✧ PE17/028
✶gon-d > gon-	[gond-] > [gonn-]	✧ RC/347

Variations

• gonn ✧ PE17/029
• Gond ✧ WJ/201

gonn

noun. stone, rock

gondren

adjective. (made) of stone

sarn

noun. small stone

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

sarn

noun. stone (as a material)

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

gond

rock

gond (i **ond, construct gon) (great stone), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath** (Letters:410).

gond

rock

(i ’ond, construct gon) (great stone), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath (Letters:410).

gond

stone

(i ’ond, construct gon) (great stone or rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath (Letters:410).

gond

great stone

(i ’ond, construct gon) (rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath (Letters:410).

gond

great stone

gond (i **ond, construct gon) (rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath** (Letters:410).

gondren

made of stone, stony

(stony), lenited ’ondren, pl. gendrin. Archaic pl. göndrin (TI:270).

gondrath

street of stone

(i ’ondrath) (causeway, raised stone highway), pl. gendraith (i ngendraith = i ñendraith). Archaic pl. göndreith. (WJ:340)

gôn

stone

(i ’ôn, construct gon); pl. gŷn, coll. pl. #gonath as in Argonath.

gonhir

master of stone

(i ’Onhir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i Ngonhir = i Ñonhir), maybe primarily used as a coll. pl. Gonhirrim  (WJ:205, there spelt ”Gonnhirrim”)

goe

great fear

goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe);

sarn

stone

1) (small stone, or stone as material) sarn (i harn, o sarn), pl. sern (i sern); also used as adj. ”stony, made of stone”. 2) gôn (i **ôn, construct gon); pl. gŷn, coll. pl. #**gonath as in Argonath. 3) (larger stone) gond (i **ond, construct gon) (great stone or rock), pl. gynd (i ngynd = i ñynd), coll. pl. gonnath** (Letters:410).

sarn

stone

(i harn, o sarn), pl. sern (i sern); also used as adj. ”stony, made of stone”.

sarn

made of stone, stony

(lenited harn; pl. sern); also used as noun ”small stone, pebble, stone [as material]”; as adj. also = ”stony”.

aearon

great ocean

also Gaearon (i** ’Aearon), pl. Gaearyn (i** Ngaearyn = *i Ñaearyn). Also short form Gaeron (i** ‘Aeron), pl. Gaeryn (i** Ngaeryn = i Ñaeryn*). Coll. pl. Gaearonnath, Gaeronnath.

ardhon

great province

(great region, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.

sirion

great river

(i** hirion, o sirion), pl. siryn (i** siryn).

taur

great wood

(i daur, o thaur) (forest), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc.

tirion

great watchtower

(i** dirion, o thirion), pl. tiryn (i** thiryn).

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail); this is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

daedhelos

great fear/dread

(i** naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i** ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct.

lae

great number

(no distinct pl. form) (VT45:27), also rim (crowd, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh** rim), coll. pl. rimmath**. Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

carag

tooth of rock

(i garag, o charag) (spike), pl. ceraig (i cheraig)

daedhelos

great fear

daedhelos (i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndae<u>d</u>elos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for GREAT FEAR is goe (i **oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe** = i ñoe).

thamas

great hall

pl. themais, coll. pl. thamassath.

gondō

noun. stone, rock

Derivations

• ᴹ√GONOD “stone”

Derivatives

• Q. ondo “stone (as a material), (large mass of) rock” ✧ Let/410; RC/347
• Aq. ondō ✧ PE21/78
  • Q. ondo “stone (as a material), (large mass of) rock”
• S. gond “stone, rock, stone, rock, [N.] stone (as a material), [G.] great stone” ✧ RC/347
• Os. gondo ✧ PE21/78
  • S. gond “stone, rock, stone, rock, [N.] stone (as a material), [G.] great stone”

Element in

• ✶Gondo-ndor- “Stone-land” ✧ PE17/028
• Q. Ondolindë “Rock of the Music of Water, (lit.) Singing Stone” ✧ PM/374
• S. Gondolin “Hidden Rock, (originally) Singing Stone” ✧ PM/374

Variations

• gond(o) ✧ Let/410
• góndō ✧ PE18/106
• gon/gondo ✧ PM/374
• gon-d ✧ RC/347

gond

noun. rock

gonn

noun. great stone, rock

gonn

noun. rock, stone (as a material)

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ondo “stone (as a material)” ✧ Ety/GOND

Derivations

• On. gondo “rocks”
  • ᴹ✶gondō “stone, rock” ✧ PE21/58
  • ᴹ√GONOD “stone”
• ᴹ√GONOD “stone” ✧ Ety/GOND

Element in

• N. Bered Ondrath “*Towers of the Stone Road” ✧ WR/340
• N. Gondobar “Stone of the World” ✧ Ety/GOND
• N. Gondolin “Heart of Hidden Rock” ✧ Ety/GOND
• N. Gondost “Gondolin” ✧ Ety/GOND
• N. gondram “hewn stone”
• N. gondren “*of stone”
• N. har na ond i mid “stand by the grey stone” ✧ AotH/056
• N. Eregon “Stone Pinnacle”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√GÓNOD/GONDO > gonn	[gondo] > [gond] > [gonn]	✧ Ety/GOND

Variations

• gŏnn ✧ PE22/036
• gond ✧ PE22/036 (gond)

gondram

noun. hewn stone

gondrafn

noun. hewn stone

sarn

noun. small stone

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

sarn

noun. stone (as a material)

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11