aranya

free

aranya, also ranya, adj. "free". Another gloss was not certainly legible, but the editors suggest "uncontrolling" (VT46:10)

fairë

free

fairë (4) adj. "free" (LT1:250) (rather léra, lerina or mirima in LotR-style Quenya)

lerina

free

lerina adj. "free" of things: not guarded, reserved, made fast, or "owned" (VT41:5)

léra

free

léra adj. noun "free", of persons (VT41:5)

mirima

free

mirima adj. "free" (MIS). ("Free" is rather expressed as léra in Tolkiens later Quenya; mirima would be prone to confusion with mírima above.)

fairië

freedom

fairië noun "freedom" (LT1:250; since this is an abstract formation based on fairë "free", a meaning only ascribed to this word in early "Qenya" whereas fairë has a string of other meanings in Tolkien's later Quenya, the conceptual validity of fairië "freedom" may be questioned).

rúna-

verb. to free

Element in

• Q. eterúna- “*to deliver” ✧ VT43/23

Variations

• rúna ✧ VT43/23

rúna-

[to] free

rúna- vb. "[to] free" (VT43:23). Compare eterúna-, etrúna-, q.v. It is not quite clear whether rúna by itself is an adjective or a verb; the gloss "free" makes room for both interpretations. If #runando "redeemer" (q.v.) is formed from this noun, it would cover "to redeem" as well.

lehta

free, released

lehta (2) adj. "free, released" (VT39:17); #lehta tengwë "free element, released element", a term for "vowel" (only pl. lehta tengwi [ñ] is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi with the pl. form of the adjective) (VT39:17)

lehta

adjective. free, released

Derivations

• √LEK “loose, unbind, let, permit, loose, unbind, let, permit, [ᴹ√] let loose, release”

sen-

let loose, free, let go

sen- vb. "let loose, free, let go" (VT43:18)

sen-

verb. to let loose, free, let go

Derivations

• √SEN “let loose, free, let go” ✧ VT43/18

Element in

• Q. apsen- “to remit, release, forgive”
• ᴺQ. etsen- “to let loose, release, forget”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√sen- > sen-	[sen-]	✧ VT43/18

láta

open

láta adj. "open" (VT39:23), "open, not closed" (PE17:159, VT41:5)

panta

open

panta adj. "open" (PAT)

latin

open, free, cleared (of land)

latin, latina adj. "open, free, cleared (of land)" (LAT). According to VT41:5, the adjective latina "is used rather of freedom of movement, of things not encumbered with obstacles".

ráva

free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless

ráva (1) adj. "free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless" (PE17:78), "wild, untamed"_ (RAB). _In PE17:78, the gloss "wild" is given to the variant hráva instead.

ráva

adjective. free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless

Derivations

• √RAB “astray, wandering, unsettled” ✧ PE17/078

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√RAB > rāva	[rāba] > [rāβa] > [rāva]	✧ PE17/078

Variations

• rāva ✧ PE17/078

perina

divided in middle, halved

perina adj.? *"divided in middle, halved" (PER) The word is not glossed, but seems to connect with the verb perya- "halve". If the relationship is the same as between the verb lerya- "to free" and the adj. lerina "free", then perina is most likely an adjective "halved"d.

ranya-

to stray

ranya- (1) vb. "to stray" (RAN), (2) ranya noun "erratic wandering" (VT42:13), (3) ranya, also aranya, adj. "free". Another gloss was not certainly legible, but the editors suggest "uncontrolling" (VT46:10)

lérië

noun. freedom

Elements

Word	Gloss
léra	“free (of persons)”

lain

adjective. free, freed

edra-

verb. open

_ v. _open (out). >> edro

edro

verb. open!

laden

adjective. open, cleared

edra-

verb. to open

adleitha

free

(i adleitha, in adleithar), also †adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).

lain

free, freed

; no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”thread”.

rain

free

rain (wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” (VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)

rain

free

(wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” *(VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)*

leitha

set free

(i leitha, i leithar)

rain

adjective. free, *unconstrained

edra

open

(verb) 1) *edra- (i edra, in edrar), only attested in imperative form edro. 2) panna- (i banna, i phannar) (enlarge). Note: a homophone means ”fill”.

edra

open

(i edra, in edrar), only attested in imperative form edro.

laden

open

(adj.) laden (plain, flat, wide, cleared), pl. ledin (for ”N” lhaden pl. lhedin, LR:368 s.v. LAT)

laden

open

(plain, flat,  wide, cleared), pl. ledin (for ”N” lhaden pl. lhedin, LR:368 s.v. LAT)

panna

open

(i banna, i phannar) (enlarge). Note: a homophone means ”fill”.

ler

root. free

A root appearing twice in a list of roots from 1959-60, the first time described as “free (of moveable things or moving things), able to move as willed, unimpeded, unhampered, loose, not fixed fast or static” and the second time as “am free to do, sc., am under no restraint (physical or other)” (VT41/5-6). In the second instance it was compared to √POL which had the sense of being physically able to do something. It seems that √LER = “able to do something because there is nothing preventing it” vs. √POL = “able to something because of physical ability”. It might also be contrasted with √LEK which has the sense of freeing something that was once bound, whereas with √LER the thing that is free may have never been bound in the first place.

Derivatives

• Q. léra “free (of persons)” ✧ PE17/160; VT41/05
• ᴺQ. lerië “issue, release, edition”
• Q. lerina “free (of things)” ✧ PE17/160; VT41/05
• Q. lerta- “to be free to do” ✧ PE17/160; VT41/06
• Q. lerya- “to release, set free, let go” ✧ PE17/160; VT41/05

Element in

• Q. lerya- “to release, set free, let go”

Variations

• ler ✧ VT41/05; VT41/06

sen

root. let loose, free, let go

A primitive form given as ✱sen- “let loose, free, let go” to explain the verb ✶ab(a)sene- > Q. apsen- “remit, release, forgive” from the final Quenya version of the Lord’s Prayer from the 1950s (VT43/12, 18). It is probably the basis for the (mutated) element hen in similar words in the Sindarin version of the Lord’s Prayer: S. díhena- and gohena-, as suggested by Bill Welden (VT44/22, 28-29). This primitive element ✱sen- appears nowhere else with this meaning, and is similar in semantic scope to the better established root √LEK.

Derivatives

• ✶ab(a)sene- ✧ VT43/18
  • Q. apsen- “to remit, release, forgive” ✧ VT43/18
• Q. sen- “to let loose, free, let go” ✧ VT43/18
• S. díhena- “*to forgive”
• S. gohena- “*to forgive”

Variations

• sen- ✧ VT43/18

rhain

adjective. free

Cognates

• ᴹQ. (a)ranya “free” ✧ EtyAC/RAN

Derivations

• ᴹ✶(a)ranyā “free, ?uncontrolling” ✧ EtyAC/RAN
  • ᴹ√RAN “wander, stray” ✧ Ety/RAN

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶(a)ranı̯ā > rhein > rhain	[ranjā] > [ranja] > [rania] > [renia] > [reni] > [rein] > [r̥ein] > [r̥ain]	✧ EtyAC/RAN

Variations

• rhain ✧ EtyAC/RAN
• erein ✧ EtyAC/RAN (erein)

lhain

adjective. free, freed

lhein

adjective. free, freed

edro

verb. open!

lhaden

adjective. open, cleared

edra-

verb. to open

panna-

verb. to open, to enlarge