tamin

forge

tamin (taminn-) noun "forge" (LT1:250, cf. QL:88)

maca-

verb. to forge metal

maca- ("k")vb. "to forge metal" (which rang at the stokes of hammers). (VT41:10; in this source this is suggested as the origin of the word macil "sword", but mac- above would also seem to be relevant, so Tolkien may have changed his mind about the precise etymology of macil.)

tamin

noun. forge

maca-

verb. to forge

A neologism for “to forge” coined by Orondil in 2021-03-04 on the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) based on the root √MAK “cut, hew; forge metal”.

sustar(o)

noun. bellows, device for blowing or pushing air in a forge, (lit.) blower

A neologism for “bellows” as in a “device for blowing or pushing air in a forge”, coined by Valerie and posted on 2025-03-01 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) as an agental form of susta- [þ] “blow”.

pal-

verb. beat

[pal- (2) vb. "beat", also in an alternative (extended?) form palap-, VT46:8. See palpa-.]

rissë

cut

rissë noun? The word is not clearly glossed but apparently means "cut" or "cleft" (ravine), the cognate of the final element of Imladris, Sindarin name of Rivendell. (PE17:87)

rista

cut

rista (2) noun "cut" (RIS), cf. #1 above.

tam

root. construct, construct; [ᴹ√] knock, [ᴱ√] beat; smelt, forge

There were two roots in competition for “construction” words in Tolkien’s later writing: √TAM and √TAN. The first appearance of these was ᴱ√TAMA “(beat) smelt, forge” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. tambe “copper” and ᴱQ. tamin “forge” (QL/88). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon it had derivatives like G. tăm “copper” and G. tambos “cauldron” (GL/69).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the early root reappeared as ᴹ√TAM “knock” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tamba-/N. tamma- “knock” and ᴹQ. tambaro/N. tavor “woodpecker, knocker” (Ety/TAM; EtyAC/TAM). However, for “construction” words Tolkien introduced a new root ᴹ√TAN “make, fashion” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tano “craftsman, smith”, ᴹQ. tanwe “craft, thing made, device, construction” and ᴹQ. kentano/N. cennan “potter” (Ety/TAN). The root ᴹ√TAN was the basis for several names: ᴹQ. Martan(o) “Earth-smith”, ᴹQ. Tintánie “Star-maker”, and ᴹQ. Cirdan “Shipbuilder” (Ety/TAN).

The root √TAN appeared several times in Tolkien’s later writings with the glosses “make with tools” (PE17/96) and “construct” (PE17/106). But the names ᴹQ. Martan(o) and ᴹQ. Tintánie became Q. Martamo (LT1A/Talka Marda) and Q. Tintallë (PE21/85; LotR/377), and in notes from 1968 or 1969 Tolkien had {√TAN >>} √TAM “construct” with derivatives like Q. taman/S. tavn “a thing made by handicraft” and Q. tamo “smith” (PE17/107-108). However, in this same note Tolkien said “in Sindarin the base appeared mostly in form √TAN owing to contact with √PAN arrange, set in order”, most likely because he wanted to retain names like S. Círdan.

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would assume the root √TAM originally had the sense “beat, knock”, from there becoming the basis for “forge” words and then a general root for tool and handicraft words, but with a Sindarin-only variant √TAN as noted above. I would use the root √TAN for “indicate, show”, see that entry for details.

maga-

verb. to forge metal

A neologism coined by David Salo in the VQP (VQP) based on the root √MAK “cut, hew; forge metal”.

Rest

noun. cut

rista-

verb. to cut

rista-

verb. to rend, rip

Rest

cut

(noun) 1) rest (ravine, cleft), pl. rist (idh rist), 2) criss (i griss, o chriss, construct cris) (cleft, slash), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chriss)

blab

beat

1. blab- (i vlâb, i mlebir) (flap), pa.t. blamp, 2) dringa- (i dhringa, in dringar).

blab

beat

(i vlâb, i mlebir) (flap), pa.t. blamp

bâd

beaten track

(pathway) (i vâd, construct bad), pl. baid (i maid)

criss

cut

(i griss, o chriss, construct cris) (cleft, slash), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chriss)

dringa

beat

(i dhringa, in dringar).

rest

cut

(ravine, cleft), pl. rist (idh rist)

blab-

verb. to beat, batter, flap (wings, etc.)

dringa-

verb. to beat (with a hammer, etc.)

osgar-

verb. to cut round, to amputate

rhest

noun. cut

rhest

noun. cut

rhista-

verb. to cut

rhista-

verb. to rend, rip