ehtelë

issue of water, spring

ehtelë noun "issue of water, spring" (SA:kel-, KEL, ET). Compare "Qenya" ectelë ("k")"fountain" (LT1:257, LT2:338; in LotR-style Quenya ehtelë).

ehtelu-

verb. well, bubble out

Mairen

well

Mairen fem. name(UT:210), initial element perhaps related or identical to mai "well". The second element is obscure; the root REN "recall, have in mind" (PM:372) could be related; if so the name may imply "well remembered", "(of) good memory" or something similar. It may also connect with the adj. maira, q.v. and compare the masc. name Mairon (PE18:163).

mai

well

mai (1) adv. "well" (VT47:6), apparently also used as prefix (PE17:17:162, 163, 172)

mai

adverb. well, well; [ᴱQ.] too much

Cognates

• S. mae “well; excellent, admirable” ✧ PE17/162

Derivations

• √MAY “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right” ✧ PE17/162
• √MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162; VT47/06

Element in

• Q. mai- “excellent, admirable, excellent, admirable; *well, happily” ✧ PE17/162
• ᴺQ. maicámima “acceptable, (lit.) well-receivable”
• ᴺQ. maicarindo “benefactor”
• ᴺQ. maisinwa “well-known, notable, famous”
• ᴺQ. maitulië “welcome thing, happy arrival”
• ᴺQ. maitulya “welcome”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√MAY > maie	[maje]	✧ PE17/162
√MAG > maie	[magje] > [maɣje] > [maije]	✧ PE17/162
√MAG > mai	[magje] > [maɣje] > [maije]	✧ VT47/06

Variations

• maie ✧ PE17/162 (maie); PE17/162 (maie)

mandë

well

mandë (2) adv. "well" (VT49:26; this is "Qenya"). Rather mai in Tolkiens later Quenya.

tampo

well

tampo noun "well" (QL:93)

tuilë

spring, spring-time

tuilë noun "spring, spring-time", also used = "dayspring, early morn" (VT39:7, TUY), in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 54 days, but also used without any exact definition. Cf. tuilérë, q.v. (Appendix D) - In early "Qenya", the word tuilë is glossed "Spring", but it is said that it literally refers to a "budding", also used collectively for "buds, new shoots, fresh green" (LT1:269). Cf. tuima in Tolkien's later Quenya.

tuilë

noun. spring, spring, [ᴹQ.] spring-time, [ᴱQ.] (lit.) a budding; buds, new shoots, fresh green

Cognates

• S. ethuil “spring, spring [the season]” ✧ LotR/1107
• S. tuil “spring”
• Van. twílë “spring” ✧ PE19/107

Derivations

• √TUY “sprout, bud” ✧ VT39/07

Element in

• Q. tuilérë “*spring-day”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√TUJU > tuile	[tuile]	✧ VT39/07

Variations

• tuile ✧ PE19/107; VT39/07

tampo

noun. well

Derivations

• √TAM “construct, construct; [ᴹ√] knock, [ᴱ√] beat; smelt, forge”

eithel

noun. issue of water, spring, well

eithel

noun. source, spring, well, source, spring, well, [N.] issue of water, fountain

A Sindarin noun for a source of water (RC/772). It appeared as an element in several names, such as Mitheithel, the Sindarin name for the river Hoarwell (LotR/200). From its glosses, it seems it could apply to a variety of water sources, including springs, wells and fountains (RC/772, SA/eithel, LR/301). It was derived from the primitive form ✶et-kelē, literally “✱out-flow”, but in ancient times the [tk] was transposed to [kt] giving ektelē (SA/kel; Ety/KEL). In Sindarin, this pair of voiceless stops became spirants [xθ], and then the [[s|[x] vocalized to [i]]] to form the diphthong [ei].

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, there were two distinct precursors to this word, G. aithl “spring” (GL/18) and G. {ecthel >>} ectheluin “fountain, fount” (GL/31) or ecthelin (GL/25); the latter’s form was ecthel in various name lists form this period (PE13/104; PE15/23). In Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, there was an additional form ᴱN. eithlos “fountain” with several variants (PE13/142, 158); ᴱN. aithl “spring, fount, source” also reappeared (PE13/136, 158). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, these two forms seem to have merged into N. eithel “spring, issue of water” (Ety/KEL), and this is the source of derivation given above. All of the earlier forms seem to broadly have the same etymology, and so the changes represent the evolving phonetic development of the languages.

Cognates

• Q. ehtelë “spring, issue of water” ✧ SA/kel

Derivations

• ✶et-kelē “spring, issue of water” ✧ SA/kel

Element in

• S. Barad Eithel “Tower of the Well” ✧ SA/eithel
• ᴺS. eithela- “to spring, well forth, *issue forth”
• S. Eithel Ivrin “Ivrin’s Well” ✧ SA/eithel
• S. Eithel Sirion “Well of Sirion” ✧ SA/eithel
• S. Mitheithel “Hoarwell, (lit.) Grey Spring” ✧ RC/772; SA/eithel

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶et-kelē > eithel	[ektele] > [ektʰele] > [exθele] > [eiθele] > [eiθel]	✧ SA/kel

ethuil

noun. spring, spring [the season]

Cognates

• Q. tuilë “spring, spring, [ᴹQ.] spring-time, [ᴱQ.] (lit.) a budding; buds, new shoots, fresh green” ✧ LotR/1107

Element in

• S. anglennatha i Varanduiniant erin dolothen Ethuil “will approach the Bridge of Baranduin on the eighth day of Spring” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129

Variations

• Ethuil ✧ AotM/062; SD/129

al-

well

pref. #well. Q. al(a)-. . This gloss was rejected.

celu

noun. spring, source

mae

adverb. well

mae

adverb. well

adv. well. Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

mae

well

_ adv. _well. >> mael

mael

adjective. well

_ adj. _well. adjective << adverb. >> mae

mael

adjective. well

Derivations

• √MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√MAGA > mael	[magla] > [maɣla] > [maila] > [mail] > [mael]	✧ PE17/162

tuil

noun. spring

Cognates

• Q. tuilë “spring, spring, [ᴹQ.] spring-time, [ᴱQ.] (lit.) a budding; buds, new shoots, fresh green”

Element in

• S. Thranduil “Vigorous Spring” ✧ PE17/027

eithel

spring

(source, issue of water), pl. eithil.

eithel

well

(= source) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

eithel

well

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

eithel

issue of water

eithel (spring, well), pl. eithil

eithel

issue of water

eithel (spring, well, source), pl. eithil.

eithel

issue of water

(spring, well), pl. eithil

eithel

source

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

ethuil

spring

(season) ethuil (no distinct pl. form). SPRING-SINGER, see SWALLOW

ethuil

spring

(no distinct pl. form).

celu

spring

(of water) 1) celu (i gelu, o chelu) (source), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath. 2) (well) eithel (source, issue of water), pl. eithil.

celu

spring

(i gelu, o chelu) (source), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath.

celu

source

1) celu (i gelu, o chelu) (spring), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath. 2) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

celu

source

(i gelu, o chelu) (spring), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath.

mae

well

(adverb) mae (lenited vae).

mae

well

(lenited vae).

celos

water falling swiftly from a spring

(i gelos, o chelos) (freshet), pl. celys (i chelys).

tuia

spring

(verb) tuia- (i duia, i thuiar) (swell, sprout)

tuia

spring

(i duia, i thuiar) (swell, sprout)

twílë

noun. spring

Cognates

• Q. tuilë “spring, spring, [ᴹQ.] spring-time, [ᴱQ.] (lit.) a budding; buds, new shoots, fresh green” ✧ PE19/107

Variations

• twīle ✧ PE19/107

khibil

noun. spring

A noun translated “spring” and fully declined as an example of a Strong I noun (SD/430).

mai

adverb. well

Derivations

• √MAY “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right”

Derivatives

• S. mae “well; excellent, admirable” ✧ PE17/016; PE17/017

Variations

• măgē ✧ PE17/016

eithel

noun. issue of water, spring, well

eithel

noun. issue of water, spring, well, fountain

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ehtele “spring, issue of water” ✧ Ety/KEL

Derivations

• ᴹ✶ektele “spring, issue of water” ✧ Ety/KEL
  • ᴹ✶et-kelē “spring, issue of water” ✧ Ety/KEL

Element in

• N. Ivrineithil “Ivrin’s Well”
• N. Eithel Nínui “Fountain of Tinúviel” ✧ LR/301
• N. Eithel Sirion “Sirion’s Well”
• N. Mitheithel “Hoarwell”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶ektele > eithel	[ektele] > [ektʰele] > [exθele] > [eiθele] > [eiθel]	✧ Ety/KEL

Variations

• Eithel ✧ LR/301

ethuil

noun. spring

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tuile “spring, spring-time” ✧ PM/134

Variations

• Ethuil ✧ PM/135

celw

noun. spring, source

mai

adverb. well

Element in

• N. mai govannen “well met” ✧ RS/194