yul-

verb. to smoulder

In The Etymologies of the 1930s, the verb ᴹQ. yul- “smoulder” was mentioned in passing in a deleted entry for the root ᴹ√GUL (Ety/GUL). Since the root ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” remained undeleted in The Etymologies, perhaps this verb also remained valid in the 1930s (Ety/YUL). However, the later meaning of the verb Q. yul- was “drink” from the root √YUL of the same meaning (PE17/63).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would adapt the root ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” as the Neo-Root ᴺ√YOL, and hence would adapt this 1930s verb as ᴺQ. yol- “smoulder” to sidestep the conflict with Q. yul- “drink”; see the entry on ᴺ√YOL/YUL for further discussion.

suk-

verb. to drink, to drink [rapidly], *gulp, quaff

A verb appearing in The Etymologies of the 1930s as sukin “I drink” under the root ᴹ√SUK “drink” (Ety/SUK).

Conceptual Development: The verb was ᴱQ. soko- “drink” in the Qenya Lexicon and the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SOKO (QL/85; PME/85). In the somewhat later Qenya Verb Forms from the 1910s the verb was ᴱQ. soq- “drink” (PE14/28), but in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s the verb was again sok “drink” (PE16/141). The form ᴹQ. suk- in The Etymologies of the 1930s reflects a change in the root form √SOK > √SUK. The forms √SOK and √SUK “drain, drink” appeared as variants of each other in both version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa from the 1930s (TQ1: PE18/45) and 1950s (TQ1: PE18/94), and √SOK “gulp, quaff, drink” appeared in notes from around 1960 (VT39/11).

Neo-Quenya: In the 1950s and 60s, the more common verb for “drink” was Q. yul-. I think the verb suc- might be retained for purposes of Neo-Quenya with the stronger senses “drink [rapidly], ✱gulp, quaff”, based on the root meaning circa 1960.

yul

root. smoulder

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “smoulder” with derivatives like ᴹQ. yúla/N. iûl “ember(s)” and ᴹQ. yulma/N. iolf “brand” (Ety/YUL). In all likelihood it was supplanted by the later root √YUL “drink”.

Neo-Eldarin: Despite it’s probable replacement by √YUL “drink”, I’d still recommend using some derivatives of ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” for purposes of Neo-Eldarin. Noldorin forms like iolf and iûl are not viable as derivatives in Sindarin, since initial yu- became the (vowel) y, for example: ýneg < ✶yūneke (VT47/41). But the Noldorin forms could be adapted into (Neo) Sindarin if they were derived from a Neo-Root ᴺ√YOL. Quenya forms could likewise be transferred to this root, or retained unmodified if we assume an occasional √YOL/YUL variation, similar to vowel variations like √SOK/SUK (PE18/45, 94). Assuming the existence of such a ᴺ√YOL/YUL Neo-Root would allow many of these 1930s forms to be salvaged without directly conflicting with √YUL “drink”.

sok

root. drink

sug

root. drink

fug-

verb. to smoulder

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “smoulder” (GL/36). It was marked with a “✱” which Tolkien used to begin a group of words based on a common root, probably ✱ᴱ√FUKU in this case.

sog-

verb. to drink

lhif-

verb. to drink

A verb appearing as {lhib >>} lhif “drinks” in the Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1910s derived from primitive ᴱ✶sḷp- or ᴱ✶sḷq- (PE13/148-149).

sog-

verb. to drink

sḷp-

verb. to drink

bapa Speculative

root. drink

A (hypothetical) early root to explain Gnomish words from the 1910s like bab- “to drink”. It was almost certainly replaced by later roots like √SOK and √YUL.

sok-

verb. to drink

soko-

verb. to drink

soq-

verb. to drink