soga
drink
soga
drink
(3rd person sg. sôg, pa.t. sunc or sogant; passive participle sogannen). Hence i hôg ”who drinks”, ?i sogar ”who drink”. The form ”asogant” in LR:388 s.v. SUK is an error for sogant, VT46:16. The participle, listed in
sogannen
lr
.
yul
root. drink
A root meaning “drink” in Tolkien’s later writings, most notably the basis for Q. yulda “draught” and Q. yulma “cup” from the Q. Namárië poem (LotR/377). It seems likely the root was coined in association with this poem, though there are no signs of any yul- forms in its earliest drafts from the 1940s (TI/284). The root √YUL (or √JULU) was mentioned a number of times in Tolkien’s later writings in the 1950s and 60s (PE17/63, 180; PE22/155; WJ/416), but there is no sign of it before then. In earlier writings Tolkien generally used √SOK or √SUK for “drink”, and the root √SOK appeared as late as the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (VT39/11), an essay that also referenced √YUL (WJ/416). Thus it isn’t clear whether √SOK was supplanted by √YUL, or if the two roots coexisted.
Derivatives
- ✶yulmā “drinking-vessel”
- Q. yul- “to drink”
- Q. yulda “drink, draught, thing drunk; cup” ✧ PE17/063
- Q. yulda “drunk”
- Q. yúlima “drinkable” ✧ PE22/155
- Q. yulma “cup, drinking vessel, drinking implement, goblet” ✧ PE17/063
- Q. yuluitë “drinking (as a habit), *aquatic” ✧ PE22/155
- ᴺS. yll “draught”
- ᴺS. ýl- “to drink”
Element in
- ✶yuldā “what is drunk, a draught”
- ✶yulmā “drinking-vessel” ✧ WJ/416
- ✶yulmē “drinking, carousal” ✧ WJ/416
- Q. yulma “cup, drinking vessel, drinking implement, goblet” ✧ PE17/180
- Q. yulunefítë “amphibious, *(lit.) drinking-breathing” ✧ PE22/155
Variations
- JULU ✧ WJ/416
yol/yul
root. smoulder
Derivatives
sog-
verb. to drink
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
yul
root. smoulder
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “smoulder” with derivatives like ᴹQ. yúla/N. iûl “ember(s)” and ᴹQ. yulma/N. iolf “brand” (Ety/YUL). In all likelihood it was supplanted by the later root √YUL “drink”.
Neo-Eldarin: Despite it’s probable replacement by √YUL “drink”, I’d still recommend using some derivatives of ᴹ√YUL “smoulder” for purposes of Neo-Eldarin. Noldorin forms like iolf and iûl are not viable as derivatives in Sindarin, since initial yu- became the (vowel) y, for example: ýneg < ✶yūneke (VT47/41). But the Noldorin forms could be adapted into (Neo) Sindarin if they were derived from a Neo-Root ᴺ√YOL. Quenya forms could likewise be transferred to this root, or retained unmodified if we assume an occasional √YOL/YUL variation, similar to vowel variations like √SOK/SUK (PE18/45, 94). Assuming the existence of such a ᴺ√YOL/YUL Neo-Root would allow many of these 1930s forms to be salvaged without directly conflicting with √YUL “drink”.
Derivatives
sug
root. drink
sok
root. drink
bapa Speculative
root. drink
A (hypothetical) early root to explain Gnomish words from the 1910s like bab- “to drink”. It was almost certainly replaced by later roots like √SOK and √YUL.
Derivatives
- G. bab- “to drink, quaff”
(vb.) soga- (3rd person sg. sôg, pa.t. sunc or sogant; passive participle sogannen). Hence i hôg ”who drinks”, ?i sogar ”who drink”. The form ”asogant” in LR:388 s.v. _