canya

adjective. wise

isqua

wise

isqua ("q") adj. "wise" (LT2:339).

iswa

wise

iswa adj. "wise" (LT2:339); rather saila in Tolkiens later Quenya.

saila

wise

#saila adj. "wise" (isolated from alasaila [q.v.] "unwise" in a late source)

saila

adjective. wise

Cognates

• S. sael “wise”

Derivations

• ᴹ√SAY “know, understand”

Element in

• Q. alasaila “unwise” ✧ VT41/18
• ᴺQ. sailiendil “philosopher”

saira

wise

saira adj. "wise" (SAY, VT46:12; a later source has the alternative formation #saila as above)

tára

wise

tára (2) ?"wise". (From tentative notes trying to explain Daur [unlenited *Taur] as Sindarin name of Frodo; the more normal word for "wise" seems to be saila/saira.)

tára

adjective. wise

Derivations

• ✶dāra “wise” ✧ PE17/102

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶dāra > tāra	[dāra] > [tāra]	✧ PE17/102

Variations

• tāra ✧ PE17/102

nólemë

deep lore, wisdom

nólemë (ñ) noun "deep lore, wisdom" (LT1:263). Perhaps replaced by Nolmë in Tolkien's later Quenya.

istima

adjective. wise, knowledgeable, v.well informed

nolwë

wisdom, secret lore

nolwë ("ñ")noun "wisdom, secret lore" (ÑGOL)

nóla

wise, learned

nóla ("ñ") (1) adj. "wise, learned" (ÑGOL) (note that this and the next nóla would be spelt differently in Tengwar writing, and originally they were also pronounced differently, since nóla "wise, learned" was ñóla in First Age Quenya).

issë

knowledge, lore

issë noun "knowledge, lore" (LT2:339; rather ista or istya in Tolkien's later Quenya)

ista

knowledge

ista (1) noun "knowledge" (IS). Also istya.

Nolmë

knowledge, philosophy (including science)

Nolmë ("ñ")noun "knowledge, Philosophy (including Science)" (PM:360 cf. 344)

istya

knowledge

istya noun "knowledge" (IS). Also ista (#1).

istare

noun. knowledge

handë

knowledge, understanding, intelligence

handë noun "knowledge, understanding, intelligence" (KHAN). Note: *handë is (probably) also the past tense of the verb har- "sit".

nólë

long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge

nólë (ñ) noun "long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge" (SA:gûl, also WJ:383 and MR:350, there spelt ñóle_, the earlier pronunciation. In the Etymologies, stem ÑGOL, the gloss is "wisdom".)_ Compare Nólion. At one point, Tolkien was dissatisfied with ÑGOL as the stem for "wisdom" and introduced the form núlë (q.v.) of slightly dissimilar meaning (PE17:125).

rúsë

wrath

rúsë (þ) noun "wrath" (PE17:188)

rúsë

noun. wrath

Cognates

• S. rûth “wrath, anger” ✧ PE17/188

Derivations

• √RUTH “anger, rage, wrath” ✧ PE17/188

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√(U)RUÞ > rúse	[rūtʰe] > [rūθe] > [rūse]	✧ PE17/188

Variations

• rúse ✧ PE17/188

sael

adjective. wise

sael

adjective. wise

Cognates

• Q. saila “wise”

Derivations

• ᴹ√SAY “know, understand”

Element in

• S. Arahael
• S. Dírhael “*Wise Man”
• S. Iorhael “Frodo”
• S. Panthael “Fullwise” ✧ SD/126
• S. Perhael “Samwise, (lit.) Half-wise” ✧ PE17/102
• ᴺS. saelas “wisdom”
• S. Saelind “Wise-heart” ✧ MR/305
• S. Saelon
• ᴺS. saelor “advisor”

Variations

• Sael ✧ MR/305 (Sael)

gûl

noun. knowledge

n. knowledge, deep knowledge not 'occult' in modern sense, but applied to the deper knowledge of the 'wise' or skilled persons, not kept secret (as [?among the] Elves) but not attainable by all. Q. ñōle, B.S. gûl phantom, shadow of dark magic, necromancer, slave, servant?. The B.S. word gûl was prob. derived from ngōl-.

golu

wisdom

*golu (i ngolu = i ñolu, o n**golu = o ñgolu) (secret lore), analogical pl. gely (in gely = i ñgely) if there is a pl. Archaic golw, hence golwath** as the likely coll. pl.

golu

wisdom

(i ngolu = i ñolu, o n’golu = o ñgolu) (secret lore), analogical pl. gely (in gely = i ñgely) if there is a pl. Archaic golw, hence golwath as the likely coll. pl.

saelas

noun. wisdom

@@@ Discord 2023-03-06

Elements

Word	Gloss
sael	“wise”
-as	“abstract noun”

golu

noun. lore, *wisdom

idhren

wise

idhren (pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic *gölwin)

idhren

wise

(pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic ✱gölwin)

noen

wise

(sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein.

sael

wise

1) sael (lenited hael; no distinct pl. form), 2) noen (sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein. 3)

sael

wise

(lenited hael; no distinct pl. form)

ist

knowledge

ist (lore); no distinct pl. form.

ist

knowledge

(lore); no distinct pl. form.

ist

lore

ist (knowledge); no distinct pl. form.

ist

lore

(knowledge); no distinct pl. form.

ista

have knowledge

(i ista, in istar), pa.t. sint or istas (VT45:18).

angol

deep lore

angol (magic), pl. engyl. Note: a homophone means "stench".

golu

secret lore

(i ngolu = i ñolu, o n’golu = o ñgolu), analogical pl. gely (in gely = i ñgely) if there is a pl. Archaic golw, hence golwath as the likely coll. pl.****

engole

noun. lore

Cognates

• Q. ingolë “lore, science, philosophy, lore, science, philosophy; [ᴹQ.] deep lore, magic” ✧ WJ/383

Derivations

• √ÑGOL “knowledge, wisdom, lore, knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise” ✧ WJ/383

góle

noun. long study (of any subject)

Cognates

• Q. nólë “lore, knowledge, long study, lore, knowledge, long study; [ᴹQ.] wisdom” ✧ WJ/383

Derivations

• √ÑGOL “knowledge, wisdom, lore, knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise” ✧ WJ/383

dāra

adjective. wise

Changes

• ndāra/nāra → dāra ✧ PE17/102

Derivatives

• Q. tára “wise” ✧ PE17/102
• S. Daur “Frodo” ✧ PE17/102

Variations

• ndāra/nāra ✧ PE17/102 (ndāra/nāra)

ñgol

root. knowledge, wisdom, lore, knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise

This root was connected to Elvish words for “wisdom” for much of Tolkien’s life, the most notable derivative being Q. Noldo. In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s it was given as ᴱ√ŇOL(O) “know”, where the Ň almost certainly represented velar nasal Ŋ (QL/67). It was originally given simply as ŇOLDO “goblin, gnome” along with a derivative ᴱQ. noldare “mole”, but the “goblin” entries were removed and “mole” was transferred to ᴱ√NDOLO “delve”, so the connection of this root to knowledge was a very early decision. In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon primitives forms were likewise given as ᴱ✶ŋolđō > G. golda “gnome, wise one” (GL/41).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as ᴹ√ÑGOL “wise, wisdom, be wise” along with an extended form ᴹ√ÑGOLOD serving as the basis for ᴹQ. Noldo/N. Golodh (Ety/ÑGOL; ÑGOLOD). This root and its extended form were mentioned regularly in Tolkien’s later writings, with glosses like “knowledge” (PE17/79) and “knowledge, wisdom, lore” (WJ/383), and in one place Tolkien clarified that it was “deep knowledge not ‘occult’ in modern sense, but applied to the deeper knowledge of the ‘wise’ or skilled persons, not kept secret ... but [also] not attainable by all” (PE17/79).

Derivatives

• Bs. gûl “phantom, shadow of dark magic, wraith; †black arts, sorcery” ✧ PE17/079
• ✶ñgōlē “Science/Philosophy as a whole” ✧ PM/360
  • Q. ingolë “lore, science, philosophy, lore, science, philosophy; [ᴹQ.] deep lore, magic” ✧ PM/360
• ✶ñgolodō “lore-master, sage” ✧ PM/360; WJ/383
  • Q. Ingoldo “The Noldo” ✧ PM/360
  • S. Fingolfin ✧ PE17/118
  • Wes. Ingold ✧ PM/360
  • Aq. ñgoldō “Noldo”
  • Q. Noldo “one of the wise folk, Gnome” ✧ MR/350; MR/470; PE17/141; PE17/153; PE19/076; PM/360; WJ/364; WJ/380; WJ/383
  • S. Noll “Noldo” ✧ PE17/141
  • S. Angolodh “The Noldo” ✧ PM/360
  • S. Golodh “one of the wise folk, Noldo” ✧ MR/350; PE17/153; PM/360; WJ/364; WJ/379; WJ/383
  • S. golodh “lore-master, sage” ✧ MR/470; PE17/139; PE17/140; PE17/141
  • T. Goldo “Noldo” ✧ PM/360; WJ/383
• Q. ingolë “lore, science, philosophy, lore, science, philosophy; [ᴹQ.] deep lore, magic” ✧ WJ/383
• Q. Noldo “one of the wise folk, Gnome” ✧ SA/gûl
  • S. Noll “Noldo” ✧ PE17/141
• Q. nólë “lore, knowledge, long study, lore, knowledge, long study; [ᴹQ.] wisdom” ✧ PE17/079; SA/gûl; WJ/383
• ᴺQ. nolmar “school, university, (lit.) wisdom-house”
• Q. nolmë “knowledge, philosophy (including science), department of wisdom (science, etc.)” ✧ PM/360
• Q. nolmo “wise person” ✧ PM/360
• ᴺQ. nolta- “to teach, *educate, tutor, (lit.) make knowledgable”
• ᴺQ. nolya- “to study, learn”
• ᴺS. golbar “school, university, (lit.) wisdom-house”
• ᴺS. golthor “teacher”
• S. gûl “black arts, sorcery, (evil) knowledge, black arts, sorcery, (evil) knowledge, [N.] magic; [ᴱN.] wisdom” ✧ PE17/079; SA/gûl; WJ/383
  • Bs. gûl “phantom, shadow of dark magic, wraith; †black arts, sorcery” ✧ PE17/031; PE17/125
• T. engole “lore” ✧ WJ/383
• T. góle “long study (of any subject)” ✧ WJ/383

Element in

• √ÑGOLOD “*one of the wise folk, Gnome, [ᴹ√] one of the wise folk, Gnome”
• Q. Nolofinwë ✧ PM/344
• ᴺS. gelia- “to learn”
• ᴺS. goltha- “to teach, educate, tutor, (lit.) make knowledgable”

Variations

• ngōl- ✧ PE17/079
• Ñolo ✧ PM/344
• ñgol-/ñgōlo- ✧ PM/360
• ngol- ✧ SA/gûl
• NGOL ✧ WJ/383

goll

adjective. wise

goll

adjective. wise

Cognates

• ᴹQ. nóla “wise, learned” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL

Derivations

• ᴹ✶ñgolda “wise” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL
  • ᴹ√ÑGOL “wise, wisdom, be wise” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL

Element in

• N. gollor “magician” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶ngolda > goll	[ŋgolda] > [golda] > [golða] > [golð] > [goll]	✧ Ety/ÑGOL

sail

adjective. wise

Cognates

• ᴹQ. saira “wise”

Derivations

• ᴹ√SAY “know, understand”

Element in

• N. Iorhail “Frodo”
• N. Lanhail “Plain-wise”
• N. Perhail “Halfwise” ✧ SD/118

ist

noun. lore, knowledge

ista-

verb. to have knowledge

noen

adjective. wise, sensible

angol

noun. deep lore, magic

golwen

adjective. wise, learned in deep arts

golw

noun. lore

Cognates

• ᴹQ. nolwe “wisdom, (secret) lore” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL

Derivations

• ᴹ√ÑGOL “wise, wisdom, be wise” ✧ Ety/ÑGOL

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ÑGOL > golw	[ŋgolwe] > [golwe] > [golw] > [golu]	✧ Ety/ÑGOL