rhaw

noun/adjective. wild, untamed

According to the editorial corrections in EtyAC/RAB, the gloss “wilderness” in The Etymologies is actually associated with a different word, rhofan, so that the proper gloss of this word is likely the same as its Quenya cognate ráva: “wild, untamed”.

rhaw

adjective. wild, untamed

Meaning rectified according to VT/46:10

braig

adjective. wild, fierce

The form brerg in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/45:34

breig

adjective. wild, fierce

The form brerg in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/45:34

lhain

adjective. free, freed

lhein

adjective. free, freed

rhain

adjective. free

The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. {rhein >>} rhain “free” derived from ᴹ✶(a)ranı̯ā under the root ᴹ√RAN “wander, stray”; it also had a deleted variant erein, presumably from aranı̯ā (EtyAC/RAN). See also S. rain “erratic wandering” for a later appearance of a similarly derived word.

Neo-Sindarin: Many Neo-Sindarin writers adapt this adjective as ᴺS. rain “free” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD), since the unvoicing of initial r to rh was a feature of Noldorin of the 1930s but not Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s. I would use it as “free” in the sense “✱unconstrained”.

rhaw

noun/adjective. wild; wild beast, wild, [N.] untamed; [S.] wild beast

This word appeared as rhaw(f) in notes from the late 1960s with Quenya cognates Q. hráva “wild” and Q. hravan “wild beast”, all derived from the root √S-RAB “wild” (PE17/78). In this document rhaw(f) served as the basis for Rhovanion “Wilderland”. In notes from 1969, rhaw (< rhawf) reappeared with the gloss “wild beast” and a peculiar plural form i·rhaw (PE23/139). Elsewhere Tolkien said words with the diphthong au became oe in the plural (PE17/25), such as noeg plural of naug “dwarf” (UT/100). The [[s|loss of final f [v] after the u-diphthong au]] is the usual Sindarin development.

Conceptual Development: N. rhaw appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶rāba “wild, untamed” under the root ᴹ√RAB (Ety/RAB). Christopher Tolkien glossed this word as “wilderness” in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road (LR/382), but in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne indicate this gloss actually applied to N. rhofan (VT46/10), meaning the adjective likely had the same meaning as its primitive form: “wild, untamed”. In The Etymologies, the primitive r unvoiced to rh as was typical for Noldorin, and it seems in the 1960s Tolkien revised the root for this word to √S-RAB so that the Sindarin form would still begin with rh.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I assume this word can be used as both an adjective “wild, untamed” or a noun “wild beast”, but I would assume its plural form is rhoef to be consistent with Sindarin plurals appearing elsewhere, with the final -f preserved in the plural since it no longer followed a u-diphthong.

rhaw

untamed

rhaw (wild). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”.

rhaw

untamed

(wild). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”.

rhaw

wild

1. rhaw (untamed). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”, 2) braig (fierce), lenited vraig. No distinct pl. form. (VT45:34), 3) lothren (waste), pl. lethrin for archaic löthrin (VT45:29)

rhaw

wild

(untamed). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”

lain

adjective. free, freed

rhavan

noun. wild man

rhaw

adjective. wild

adj. wild. Q. hráva. Tolkien wrote this entry as "rhaw [f]" (PE17:78).

adleitha

free

(i adleitha, in adleithar), also †adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).

braig

wild

(fierce), lenited vraig. No distinct pl. form. (VT45:34)

leitha

set free

(i leitha, i leithar)

lothren

wild

(waste), pl. lethrin for archaic löthrin (VT45:29)

rain

free

rain (wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” (VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)

merca

wild, untamed

[merca ("k")adj. "wild, untamed" (MERÉK, VT45:34)] Compare verca.

ráva

free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless

ráva (1) adj. "free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless" (PE17:78), "wild, untamed"_ (RAB). _In PE17:78, the gloss "wild" is given to the variant hráva instead.

aranya

free

aranya, also ranya, adj. "free". Another gloss was not certainly legible, but the editors suggest "uncontrolling" (VT46:10)

fairë

free

fairë (4) adj. "free" (LT1:250) (rather léra, lerina or mirima in LotR-style Quenya)

hráva

wild

hráva adj. "wild" (PE17:78); see ráva #1.

lehta

free, released

lehta (2) adj. "free, released" (VT39:17); #lehta tengwë "free element, released element", a term for "vowel" (only pl. lehta tengwi [ñ] is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi with the pl. form of the adjective) (VT39:17)

lerina

free

lerina adj. "free" of things: not guarded, reserved, made fast, or "owned" (VT41:5)

léra

free

léra adj. noun "free", of persons (VT41:5)

mirima

free

mirima adj. "free" (MIS). ("Free" is rather expressed as léra in Tolkiens later Quenya; mirima would be prone to confusion with mírima above.)

verca

wild

verca ("k")adj. "wild" (BERÉK)

lenta

adjective. free

ler

root. free

A root appearing twice in a list of roots from 1959-60, the first time described as “free (of moveable things or moving things), able to move as willed, unimpeded, unhampered, loose, not fixed fast or static” and the second time as “am free to do, sc., am under no restraint (physical or other)” (VT41/5-6). In the second instance it was compared to √POL which had the sense of being physically able to do something. It seems that √LER = “able to do something because there is nothing preventing it” vs. √POL = “able to something because of physical ability”. It might also be contrasted with √LEK which has the sense of freeing something that was once bound, whereas with √LER the thing that is free may have never been bound in the first place.