topon.
Sindarin
rammas
noun. great wall
rammas
noun. (great) wall
Rammas Echor
place name. Rammas Echor
lammas
noun. account of tongues
rammas echor
place name. Great Wall of the Outer Circle
The wall around the Pelennor (LotR/750) translated “Great Wall of the Outer Circle”, a combination of rammas “great wall” and echor “outer circle” (SA/ram, echor; RC/512).
Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this name variously appeared as N. Corramas (WR/340), Ramas Coren and Rammas Ephel (WR/288).
Rammas Echor
noun. great wall circle
ram(b) (“wall”) + as (#abstract collective suffix), echor (“outer circle, outer ring”) < ed (prefix “forth, out”) + côr > caur (“round, globed”) #This suffix probably denotes “a complete set of different items of one kind” rather that mere plurality.
rammas
wall
pl. remmais (idh remmais), coll. pl. rammassath.
Rammas Echor
Rammas Echor
Rammas is Sindarin for "great wall". echor means "outer circle". The name therefore means "Great-wall circle".
ram
wall
- ram, pl. raim (idh raim), coll. pl. rammath; 2) rammas, pl. remmais (idh remmais), coll. pl. rammassath.
ram
noun. wall
The Sindarin word for “wall”, an element in several names such as Andram “Long Wall” and Ramdal “Wall’s End” (S/122).
Conceptual Development: The word was N. rham “wall” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, where it was derived from ᴹ✶rambā under the root ᴹ√RAB (Ety/RAMBĀ; EtyAC/RAMBĀ). The root form did not appear in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road (LR/382), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne noted the actual root in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/10). The rh in the 1930s Noldorin form was because initial r was unvoiced in Noldorin, something that was not the case in later Sindarin.
The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. bant “wall” appearing between G. bada- “build” and G. bad “building”, so perhaps derived from an early root ✱ᴱ√BATA (GL/21).
Lossoth
noun. the Snowmen
anfangrim
noun. the Longbeards (a tribe of Dwarves)
anglennatha
verb. (he) will approach
avo
verb. don't!
Used as a negative adverb before an imperative: avo garo "don't do it!". Sometimes used as prefix: avgaro
avon
verb. I won't
cuio
verb. live!
dagorath
noun. all the battles
drúwaith
noun. the wilderness of the Drû-men (q.v.)
falathrim
noun. people of the Falas
galadhad
noun. the Two Trees of Valinor
lâf
verb. (he) licks
lôd
verb. (he) floats
noro
verb. run! ride!
Untranslated in LotR, but written nora-lim and rendered as "ride on" in RS/196 (not a literal translation) and later translated as "run swift" in RC/195. A verb nor- is attested in the old Gnomish lexicon, PE/11:61, with the meaning "to run, roll"
pêd
verb. (he) says
ram
noun. wall
rochirrim
noun. horse-lords, the people of Rohan
tôl
verb. (he) comes
According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien
ónen
noun. I gave
Written onen in some editions of LotR. In the Qenyaqetsa, Qenya anta- is marked as having an irregular past tense áne. Assuming the same sound-shifts as observed in other words, this would indeed lead to onen in Sindarin, see PE/12:31 and TT/14:48-49
aglonn
pass between high walls
(defile), pl. eglynn.
ram
wall
pl. raim (idh raim), coll. pl. rammath
thangail
shield wall
(shield wall). No distinct pl. form? (UT:281)
A word for a “great wall” in the name Rammas Echor “Great Wall of the Outer Circle” (LotR/750; RC/512), an elaboration of S. ram “wall”. N. ram(m)as also appeared in earlier names for Rammas Echor from Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s (WR/288).