Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Middle Primitive Elvish

ol

root. grow

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/GAL(AS); PE22/103] Group: Eldamo. Published by

olosphantur

masculine name. Lórien

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÓLOS; EtyAC/ÓLOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

olro-

verb. to dream

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/ÓLOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

olsa-

verb. to dream

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÓLOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

golā-

verb. to grow

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/113] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ñol-

noun. smell

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/A; EtyAC/N] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tol-oth/ot

root. eight

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TOL¹-OTH/OT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

golbā

noun. branch

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GÓLOB] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gyernā

adjective. old, worn, decrepit (of things)

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GYER] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gyer

root. *old, worn out (of things)

An unglossed root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. yerna “old, worn” and N. gern “worn, old (of things)” (Ety/GYER), and thus probably having a similar meaning.

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GYER; Ety/YA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lop

root. horse, horse; [ᴱ√] *run (of animals), gallop, lope

This root was the basis for horse words starting with the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, where it appeared unglossed as ᴱ√LOPO (QL/56). It was compared to the root ᴱ√LOQO, and these roots include the verbs ᴱQ. lopo- “gallop, run (of animals)” and ᴱQ. loqo- “run (of human beings)”, so I think it is likely those were the meanings of the roots as well (QL/56). In the Qenya Lexicon, ᴱ√LOPO had the derivatives ᴱQ. lōpa “horse or mare” and ᴱQ. lopsi “mare” (QL/56), but elsewhere in that document there was the word ᴱQ. lapatte “rabbit” < ᴱ✶lopatte, so I think that word is related as well, though Tolkien did mark the primitive form with a “?” (QL/51). The probably-related word ᴹQ. lopo “rabbit” appeared in a discussion of nouns from the early 1930s (PE21/31).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root ᴹ√LOP was glossed “horse”, and its derivatives ᴹQ. olombo and N. lobor had only that sense (EtyAC/LOP), but horse words were usually derived from ᴹ√ROK from the 1930s and later. The word Q. lopoldi “rabbits” appeared in some 1965 notes on Númenor, so It seems likely √LOP remained valid in some form. Another possibly related late word is S. ✱laba- “hop” as in S. Labadal “Hopafoot” (UT/60).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is worth retaining ᴹ√LOP with a verbal sense “✱gallop, lope”. In this way, it can remain the basis for rabbit words based on their loping run. The horse words from this root might be specialized for heavier loping horses like destriers, since ᴹQ. rokko was said to refer more specifically to a “swift horse” (EtyAC/ROK).

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/LOP] Group: Eldamo. Published by

skil

root. [unglossed]

A root mentioned in passing in as a variant of ᴹ√KIL “divide” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, but it had no derivatives and appeared nowhere else (Ety/KIL).

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KIL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

phan

root. [unglossed]

A deleted root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/PHAN).

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/PHAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

stā

root. [unglossed]

A deleted root reference in The Etymologies apparently serving as the basis for the verbal action suffix ᴹ✶-stā “-ing” in ᴹ✶khau̯-stā “rest-ing” (Ety/KHAW; EtyAC/KHAW). See the entry on ✶-stā for further discussion.

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/KHAW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thel(es)

root. sister

Tolkien gave this root in The Etymologies of the 1930s as ᴹ√THEL and extended form ᴹ√THELES with the gloss “sister” and derivatives like ᴹQ. seler and N. thêl of the same meaning, both derived from the extended root as made clear by the Noldorin plural thelei < ON. thelehi (Ety/THEL). Hints of the roots continued use appear in the 1959 term Q. meletheldi “love-sisters” for close female friends (NM/20). In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien gave Q. nésa and S. nethel as the words for “sister”, both from the root √NETH. Nevertheless, I think it is worth retaining ᴹ√THEL(ES) to represent more abstract notions of “sisterhood” for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, for “metaphorical sister”s as opposed to Q. nésa/S. nethel for sisters by blood.

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR; Ety/WŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uruk

root. [unglossed]

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/URUK).

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/URUK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

us

root. [unglossed]

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no glosses or derivatives and no clear function (EtyAC/US).

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/US] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ñōle

noun. odour

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÑOL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(o)lor

root. sleep; dream

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/LOS; EtyAC/ÓLOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(o)los

root. sleep; dream

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LOS; Ety/ÓLOS; Ety/SPAN; EtyAC/LOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

auluta-

verb. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE19/058] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galā-

verb. to grow

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/026; PE22/098; PE22/106; PE22/113] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neled

root. three

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ala-

prefix. very

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/41] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amƀus

noun. breast

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bay

root. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/WAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bessē

noun. wife

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BES] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eʒ-

verb. to be

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/122] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gal

root. grow, thrive

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ÁLAM; Ety/GALA; EtyAC/GAL²; EtyAC/GAL(AS); PE22/098; PE22/113] Group: Eldamo. Published by

iw

root. [unglossed], [ᴱ√] *fish

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/IW] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kaltwa

?. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE19/048] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kas

root. head

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KAS; PE18/035] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kas

noun. head

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE18/035; PE21/55; PE21/58; PE21/64] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khlip

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root in a rejected paragraph from the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s (PE22/112 note #78).

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE22/113] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kōmā

noun. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE19/059] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassē

noun. ear

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAS¹; Ety/LAS²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

los

root. sleep

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

maiga

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root appearing in the first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa from the 1930s (TQ1) to illustrate certain patterns of root formation (PE18/66). It may have serving as the basis for ᴹQ. Maia, though this word was given different derivations later.

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE18/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mat

root. eat

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LIS; Ety/MAT; Ety/MOR; EtyAC/MAT; PE18/046; PE18/061; PE18/062; PE22/093; PE22/102] Group: Eldamo. Published by

n-

root. intensive

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/N; PE19/055] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nel

root. three

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BERÉTH; Ety/LEP; Ety/NEL; Ety/TIL; EtyAC/NEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neter

root. nine

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NÉTER] Group: Eldamo. Published by

stin

root. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/STIN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

torōmā

noun. [unglossed]

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE19/059] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yatta

preposition. across

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/YAT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

root. to be

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/YĒ; PE18/060; PE18/084; PE22/123] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ē

root. to be

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

ī

root. to be

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by