indō

noun. interior reflection or mind, the mind in its purposing faculty, the will; mood, heart

ren

root. recall, have in mind

A root appearing in a 1968 essay The Problem of Ros with the gloss “recall, have in mind” and serving as an explanation for the name S. Elurín, there glossed “Remembrance of Elu” (PM/272 note #8).

gōrē

noun. heart, inner(most) mind

sam

root. mind, think, reflect, be aware

inis

root. inmost heart, thought, mind

del

root. will

A root in etymological notes from 1968, meaning “to will with conscious purpose, immediate or remote”; it was distinct from “be willing, to assent, consent, agree”, which partakes of the will but also involves accident or change (NM/231). Given the many other uses to which √DEL was assigned, odds are this was a transient idea.

mai

adverb. well

indo

noun. mind in its purposing faculty, will

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

sanar

mind

sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)

sáma

mind

sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)

sáma

noun. mind

incánus

masculine name. Mind Master(ship)

The name of Gandalf “in the South” (LotR/670). In one place, Tolkien intrepretted this name as Quenya, meaning “Mind Master(ship)”, a derivation of the roots √IN(ID) and √KAN (UT/400) from the word incánussë “mind mastership” (PE17/88, 155). Elsewhere he interpreted it as a name in the language of the Haradrim meaning “North-spy” (UT/399): see Eas. Incánus for discussion of its meaning in that language and of earlier forms of the name.

Conceptual Development: In his notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s, Tolkien indicated that this word was Latin, which Christopher Gilson (among others) pointed out meant “grey-haired” (PE17/88). This Latin term may be the original inspiration for this name.

indemma

noun. mind-picture (of apparition in dream)

A word for a “mind-picture”, a combination of indo “mind” and emma “picture” (PE17/174, 176, 179). Tolkien described them thus:

> They [the Elves] held that a superior mind by nature, or one exerting itself to its full in some extremity of need, could communicate a desired vision direct to another mind. The receiving mind would translate this impulse into the terms familiar to it from its use of the physical organs of sight (and hearing) and project it, seeing it as something external ... indemmar were by Men mostly received in sleep (dream). If received when bodily awake they were usually vague and phantom-like (and often caused fear); but if they were clear and vivid, as the indemmar induced by Elves might be, they were apt to mislead Men into taking them as real things beheld by normal sight (PE17/179).

Thus this word was used for telepathically induced visions, used among the Elves for communication, but Men could sometimes be fooled (intentionally or not) into believing these visions were real if they were awake when they received them, otherwise the visions were perceived as dreams. These “sorcerous” visions were likely one of the reasons for the mistrust between Elves and Men towards the end of the Third Age.

inwis

noun. change of mind/mood

The form inwisti was first published in the phrase: “changes of ‘mind-mood’ or inwisti” (MR/216). At the time, this word was generally assumed to be a singular noun meaning “mind-mood”: see Christopher Tolkien’s interpretation on MR/471. Later, a similar form inwis was published with the gloss “change of mind, mood” with a plural form inwissi (PE17/191). Helge Fauskanger suggested that inwisti may be a variant of inwis (QQ/inwisti). If this were the case, it is likely the proper gloss for inwisti would be the full phrase “changes of mind-mood” and it is a plural noun.

If inwisti is accepted as the plural of inwis, it would have a stem of inwist-.

órë

noun. heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition

The meaning of the Quenya word órë is quite subtle, and does not have a direct equivalent in English. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien translated the word as “heart (inner mind)” (LotR/1123), but elsewhere he said that this was a poor translation of the word (VT41/11; NM/220). Tolkien wrote a lengthy essay on the nature of this word, first published in the year 2000 (VT41/11-19) and again in 2021 (NM/219-225). In this essay Tolkien described it as the source of wisdom and moral impulses that informed one’s judgement, so perhaps the closest English equivalent is “conscience”. This is still not quite right, however, since the órë could be the source of negative impulses as well, particularly among Men (VT41/13; NM/223). Furthermore, divine powers such as the Valar could sometimes (but not always) communicate subtly through one’s órë (VT41/15). Galadriel was described as having a particularly noble and generous órë (PM/337).

This word could also be used with the sense “warning, caution” (VT41/15) or even “premonition” (VT41/13). It seems that the órë and its urges was viewed as almost external to the mind itself, as indicated by the phrase órenya quetë nin “my heart tells me” = “I feel compelled to ...”, not unlike the pop-cultural “shoulder angel and devil” whispering into your ear. Tolkien said that in Quenya this word was associated with the sense of √OR “rise” and its urges were seen as rising up within the spirit (VT41/13). Compare this to the words for ordinary feelings, such as fëafelmë “✱(lit.) spirit-impulse”.

The word órë was also the name of tengwa #21 [6] used for a weak and untrilled medial r (LotR/1123), many of which originated from primitive intervocalic [z] or [d]. There is no sign that órë ever had such a consonant medially, however, and it seems this name was chosen simply because it had a medial r.

Conceptual Development: Possible precursors to this word in Tolkien’s earlier writings include ᴹQ. hóre “impulse” from The Etymologies (Ety/KHOR), as well as ᴱQ. ir (ird-) “interior, centre, inwards, inner parts” >> ᴱQ. hir (hird-) “inwards, interior, inside, heart” from Early Noldorin word lists of the 1920s (PE13/144, 161).

fanwos

mind-picture of apparition in dream

fanwos noun "mind-picture of apparition in dream", possibly ephemeral variant of indemma (q.v.) (PE17:174). Normally Quenya phonology seems to prohibit a combination like wo.

incáno

mind master

incáno or incánu ("k"), noun "mind master" (PE17:155), cf. cáno.

incánus

mind mastership

incánus (*incánuss-), also incánussë, noun "mind mastership" (PE17:155), associated with Incánus as a name of Gandalf.

indemma

mind-picture

indemma noun "mind-picture", i.e. a vision transferred from one mind to another and perceived as visual (and aural) images, usually produced by Elves, though Men were capable of receiving them (especially during sleep) (PE17:174, 179). Compound of indo (#1) + emma. Ephemerally Tolkien may have considered the word fanwos (q.v.) for the same phenomenon.

inwis

change of mind, mood

inwis noun "change of mind, mood". A following, bracketed form inwissi is either the plural, the ancestral form or a variant (PE17:191; cf. inwisti). Likely, inwis is to have the stem inwiss- before endings (alternatively inwist-, see inwisti below, and compare the verb vista- "to change").

inwisti

mind-mood

inwisti noun "mind-mood" (changed by Tolkien from inwaldi) (MR:216, 471). The word may seem to be plural in form, despite its singular gloss. Cf. variant inwis above (which could be the singular, if it has the stem inwist-).

síma

mind, imagination

síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)

walwistë

change of mind

walwistë noun "change of mind" (PE17:189)

incánu

noun. mind master

incánussë

noun. mind mastership

inwalmë

noun. mood of mind

sanar

noun. mind, thinker, reflector

turindo

noun. purposeful mind, strong will

isima

noun. imagination, mind

síma

noun. imagination, mind

turindo

noun. purposeful mind, strong-will

valwistë

noun. change of mind

walwistë

noun. change of mind

indufasta

adjective. looking forward to, (lit.) of a pleased mind

A neologist adjective meaning “looking forward to” coined by Luinyelle posted on 2024-12-24 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a combination of indo (indu-) “(state of) mind” and [ᴹQ.] fasta “pleased”, so more literally “of a pleased mind”. For example nánye indufasta omentielvan “I am of pleased mind about Omentielva” or horan omentielva indufasta “I am waiting for Omentielva [with] pleased mind”, both meaning “I’m looking forward to Omentielva”.

inwirya-

verb. to change one’s mind, reconsider

A neologism coined by Röandil in 2023-08-29 on the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a combination of Q. in(do) “mind” with Q. virya- “to change [self]”.

ris-

verb. to attend to, tend, care for, mind

A neologism for “attend to, tend, care for, mind” coined by Luinyelle posted on 2024-10-06 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), inspired by G. grith- of the same meaning and based on a Neo-Root ᴺ√(G)RITH inspired by early ᴱ√gṛþ-. It has a past tense ritte, for example ritten yeldenya “I cared for/attended to my daughter”.

attindo

noun. doubt, (lit.) two mind

santenta-

verb. to concentrate, focus (the mind)

@@@ from Discord 2022-02-23; with allative object “...on [x],” lit. “direct thought [x]-ward”

Mairen

well

Mairen fem. name(UT:210), initial element perhaps related or identical to mai "well". The second element is obscure; the root REN "recall, have in mind" (PM:372) could be related; if so the name may imply "well remembered", "(of) good memory" or something similar. It may also connect with the adj. maira, q.v. and compare the masc. name Mairon (PE18:163).

emma

picture

emma noun *"picture" (compounded in indemmar "mind-pictures") (PE17:179)

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

lelya-

verb. go, proceed (in any direction), travel

lelya- (1) vb. "go, proceed (in any direction), travel", pa.t. lendë / elendë (WJ:363, VT14:5, PE17:139) At one point Tolkien assigned a more specific meaning to the underlying root LED: "go away from the speaker or the point in mind, depart" (PE17:52), which would make lelya- a near synonym of auta-. The same source denies that the derivatives of _LED _were used simply for "go, move, travel", but elsewhere Tolkien assigns precisely that meaning to lelya-.

nir-

verb. press, thrust, force (in a given direction)

nir- vb. "press, thrust, force (in a given direction)" ("Though applicable to the pressure of a person on others, by mind and 'will' as well as by physical strength, [this verb] could also be used of physical pressures exerted by inanimates.") Given as a 1st person aorist nirin (VT41:17). Pa.t. probably *nindë since the R of nir- was originally D (the base is given as NID; compare rer- pa.t. rendë from RED concerning the past tense)

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

cánusse

 noun. mastership, mastery

Derived from attested incanus(se) 'mind mastership' and aranus(sse) 'kingship'.

ehtelu-

verb. well, bubble out

elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

enyal-

verb. to recall

#enyal- vb. "to recall", "to commemorate", gerund/infinitive enyalië with infinitival ending -ië; dative enyalien "for the re-calling", "[in order] to recall" in CO.

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

indu-

verb. will, do on purpose

intyalë

imagination

intyalë noun "imagination" (INK/INIK, VT49:33)

isima

imagination

isima (þ?) noun "imagination" (if a variant of síma, q.v.; the form isima as such is not clearly glossed) (VT49:16)

lenna-

verb. go

lenna- vb. "go", pa.t. lendë "went" (LED; cf. lelya-). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word lenna- wrongly appears as **linna-; see VT45:27.

lélë

noun. will

mai

well

mai (1) adv. "well" (VT47:6), apparently also used as prefix (PE17:17:162, 163, 172)

mai

adverb. well, well; [ᴱQ.] too much

mandë

well

mandë (2) adv. "well" (VT49:26; this is "Qenya"). Rather mai in Tolkiens later Quenya.

men-

verb. go

#men- (4) vb. "go" (VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23), attested in the aorist (menë) in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- "return" (or go/come back), -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- "back" (etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166). In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of "go as far as": 1st person sg. aorist menin (menin coaryanna "I arrive at [or come/get to] his house"), endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- "is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end", past tense mennë "arrived, reached", in this tense usually with locative rather than allative (mennen sís "I arrive[d] here"), perfect eménië "has just arrived", future menuva "will arrive". All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant.

mendë

will

#mendë noun "will", only attested in mendelya "thy will" (VT43:15)

nausë

imagination

nausë (Þ) noun "imagination" (NOWO, VT49:33)

nir-

verb. press, thrust, force

níra

will

níra noun "will" (as a potential or faculty) (VT39:30, VT41:6, 17, PE17:168)

tampo

well

tampo noun "well" (QL:93)

vanya-

verb. go, depart, disappear

vanya- (2) vb. "go, depart, disappear", pa.t. vannë (WAN). The verb auta- may have replaced this word in Tolkien's later conception.

amatírë

noun. hope

tampo

noun. well

amin

masculine name. Hope

A rejected name for Aragorn, changed to Estel (PM/269). It is probably a variant of amdir (MR/320).

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

A word for “heart (inner mind)” in notes from the late 1960s, equivalent to Q. órë (VT41/11). In the original article published in VT41 in July 2000, Carl Hostetter gave its primitive form as ʒōrē, but in his later book The Nature of Middle-Earth published in 2021, he corrected this to gōrē (NM/219).

Conceptual Development: Early Noldorin word-lists from the 1920s had N. gir glossed “interior, centre, inwards, inner parts” (PE13/144) or “inwards, interior, inside, heart” (PE13/161).

estel

noun. hope, trust, a temper of mind, steady fixed in purpose, and difficult to dissuade and unlikely to fall into despair or abandon its purpose

inn dha v’im

I have a good mind (to do so), (lit.) there is an ‘inn’ in me

nidh-

verb. will, mean to, have a mind to

nidhin mened

I have a mind to go, I intend to go

fanwos Speculative

noun. mind-picture (of apparition in dream)

A Sindarin(?) word that seems to be the equivalent of Q. indemma “mind-picture”, based on the root √PHAN “veil” (PE17/174). This was a telepathic vision induced in another’s mind; see Q. indemma for further discussion.

grith-

noun. to attend to, tend, care, care for, mind

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

gûr (i **ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir** = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

gûr (i **ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir** = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

indram

noun. shock, (lit.) mind-blow

@@@ by Amarwain in the “Neologism of the Day” series on the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) on 2023-04-10

hûn

heart

1. (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

al-

well

pref. #well. Q. al(a)-. . This gloss was rejected.

amdir

noun. hope based on reason

estel

noun. hope

n. hope. ónen i·Estel Edain 'I gave the "Hope" (to) Men'.

estel

masculine name. Hope

A name for Aragorn (LotR/1061), it is simply the noun estel “hope” used as a name (PE17/117).

Conceptual Development: In drafts of the Lord of the Rings appendices, this name first appeared as S. Amin (PM/269).

geria-

verb. to ponder

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

hartha-

verb. to hope

harthad

gerund noun. hope

innas

noun. will

mae

adverb. well

mae

adverb. well

adv. well. Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

mae

well

_ adv. _well. >> mael

mael

adjective. well

_ adj. _well. adjective << adverb. >> mae

mael

adjective. well

amdir

hope

1. (based on reason) amdir (no distinct pl. form). Literally an "up-looking". 2) (closer in meaning to ”faith”) estel (trust, steady purpose), pl. estil, 3) (noun) harthad (i charthad, o charthad), pl. herthaid (i cherthaid)

amdir

hope

(no distinct pl. form). Literally an "up-looking".

bad

go

#bad- (i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

bad

go

(i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

eithel

well

(= source) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

eithel

well

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

estel

hope

(trust, steady purpose), pl. estil

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

hartha

hope

(verb) #hartha- (i chartha, i charthar). Verbal stem isolated from the apparent gerund harthad, ”hope” as noun.

hartha

hope

(i chartha, i charthar). Verbal stem isolated from the apparent gerund harthad, ”hope” as noun.

harthad

hope

(i charthad, o charthad), pl. herthaid (i cherthaid)

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

innas

will

(noun) innas, pl. innais (VT44:23)

innas

will

pl. innais (VT44:23)

mae

well

(adverb) mae (lenited vae).

mae

well

(lenited vae).

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû- apparently meaning ”heart”..

thel

will

(vb.) ?thel- (intend, mean, purpose, resolve)

thel

will

(intend, mean, purpose, resolve)

uba-

verb. it is on my mind that it will happen, I feel sure it will happen

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

harthad

noun. hope

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

mai

adverb. well