Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Quenya

lie

noun. people, folk

Early Quenya [MC/216; PE13/148; PE15/72; PE15/76; PE16/090; PE16/092; PE16/135; PE16/143; PME/053; QL/053; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lilta lie noldorinwa

*the dancing gnome-folk

Early Quenya [VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

losselie telerinwa

the white people of the shores of Elfland

Early Quenya [MC/216; PE16/090; PE16/092] Group: Eldamo. Published by

furu

noun. lie

Early Quenya [GL/36; LT2A/Gar Thurion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kama-

verb. to lie down; (c. loc.) to endure, suffer

A verb appearing in the Qenya Lexicon as ᴱQ. kama- “to lie down” with a transitive variant ᴱQ. kamu- “to lay down, bend down, reduce”, both under the early root ᴱ√KAMA “lie down” (QL/44). Combined with the locative, the intransitive kama- also meant “to endure, suffer”.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would update these verbs to ᴺQ. cainu- “lie down, bend down” based on the primitive inceptive verbkainu- “lie down” from the early 1950s (PE22/136). I would further assume that like its earlier variant it meant “endure, suffer (from)” in combination with the locative: cainunen soiciesse “I suffered from/endured thirst, (lit.) I bent down in thirst”.

Early Quenya [QL/044] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ma kaire laiqen ondolissen kirya maita?

*does a ship lie maimed on green rocks?

The tenth phrase (lines 19-20) of the intermediate version of the Oilima Markirya poem (PE16/77). The first word is the interrogative particle ma followed by the present 3rd-singular feminine form of the verb kaya- “to lie”. The subject of the phrase is kirya “ship”, followed by the modifying adjective maita “maimed” and preceded by the clause laiqen ondolissen, the locative plural of the adjective laiqa “green” and the noun ondo “rock”.

This phrase corresponds to the lines of the English translations of the poem LA2a-LA2b (PE16/68-9): “who shall heed a dead ship/drowned boat lying on the green rocks”. It also resembles the seventeenth line in the first English translation LA1a (PE16/67): “a ship lay upon the green rocks”.

Alternate Interpretations: In their original article, Gilson, Welden and Hostetter suggested this phrase might be “What maimed ship lies upon the green rocks?” where the initial element ma was “what”. In a Discord conversation from 2023-04-23, Christopher Gilson also suggested the possibility “what lies on green rocks, a maimed ship?”, pointing out that since kirya maita falls on the next line, there could be an omitted comma.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> ma kai-re laikve-n ondo-li-ssen kirya maita = “✱does lie-she green-(plural) rock-(plural)-on ship maimed”

Alternate Interpretations: In their original article, Gilson, Welden and Hostetter suggested this phrase might be “What maimed ship lies upon the green rocks?” where the initial element ma is “what”. In a Discord conversation from 2023-04-23, Christopher Gilson also suggested the possible interpretation “what lies on green rocks, a maimed ship?”. Since kirya maita falls on the next line, there could be an omitted comma: ma kaire laikven ondolissen, kirya maita? I find Gilson’s 2023 suggestion to be quite plausible.

Early Quenya [PE16/077] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kaima-

verb. to lie quiet

Early Quenya [QL/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kaita-

verb. to place, lie down

Early Quenya [PE14/058; QL/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kaya-

verb. to lie

Early Quenya [MC/221; PE16/062; PE16/065; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/075; PE16/077; PE16/132] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kay-

verb. to lie

láta-

verb. to spread, extend, lie (of country)

Early Quenya [QL/050] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rim-

verb. to border on, lie at edge, neighbour

Early Quenya [QL/080] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kaitoile

noun. rest

A noun appearing as kaitȯile “rest” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, apparently derived from (deleted) ᴱQ. kaito- “lie quiet” (QL/46). The significance of the marked ȯ is not clear.

Early Quenya [QL/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

apte

adjective. open

An adjective in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “open” under the early root ᴱ√AFA “open, begin” (QL/29).

Early Quenya [QL/029] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tye

pronoun. you

Early Quenya [LFC/030] Group: Eldamo. Published by