Quenya 

laica

green

laica (1) adj. "green" (in older sources laiqua) (Letters:282, PE17:159). Laicolassë (laica + #olassë) "green-foliage" (PE17:46), Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas (dialectal form Legolas); compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves", literally "green-leaf" (PE17:56).

laica

adjective. green

Cognates

  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ Let/282; PE17/084; PE17/159
  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ Let/282

Derivations

  • ✶laikā “green” ✧ Let/282
    • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282
  • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE17/159

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶laikā > laica[laikā] > [laika]✧ Let/282
√LAY > laika[laikā] > [laika]✧ PE17/159

Variations

  • laikā ✧ PE17/084
  • laika ✧ PE17/159
Quenya [Let/282; PE17/056; PE17/084; PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laica

keen, sharp, acute, piercing

laica (2) ("k")adj."keen, sharp, acute, piercing" _(LAIK, LT2:337 in the Etymologies as printed in LR, the final vowel is misread as -_e instead of -a, VT45:25). Possibly obsoleted by #1 above. Compare aica #1.

laicë

keenness of perception

laicë noun "keenness of perception" (LAIK). Cf. laica #2.

laiqua

green

laiqua ("q")adj. "green" (LÁYAK, LT1:267, MC:214), "Qenya" pl. laiquali ("q")(MC:216). Occurs in the phrase laiqua'ondoisen ("q") "green-rocks-upon" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"), Laiqualassë ("q") masc. name "Legolas" (Greenleaf) (LT1:267). Used as noun in the phrase mi laiqua of somebody clad "in green" (PE17:71). In later material, the word for "green" appears as laica, and the cognate of Legolas is said to be Laicolassë, q.v. (PE17:56)

laiqua

adjective. green

Changes

  • laiqua → laikā “green” ✧ PE17/084

Cognates

  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ PE17/153
  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ PE17/153

Derivations

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶laiquā > laiqua[laikwā] > [laikwa]✧ PE17/153
Quenya [PE17/071; PE17/084; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Lastalaica

sharp-ears

Lastalaica ("k")noun "sharp-ears" (name) (LAS2). Compare laica #2.

laicolassë

laicolassë

laicolassë, see laica #1

ezel(la)

adjective. green

ezel

green

ezel, ezella adj. "green" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

wenya

green, yellow-green, fresh

wenya adj. "green, yellow-green, fresh" (GWEN), apparently "fair, beautiful" ("probably originally "fresh, fair, unblemished especially of beauty of youth") in a later deleted note (PE17:191).

Sindarin 

laeb

adjective. green

_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153] < _laiqua_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

green

_ adj. _green. >> Legolas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < _laikā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. green

_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Sindarin [Ety/367, VT/45:25, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

adjective. green

Sindarin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

green

(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:77:153] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lasgalen

leaf-green

(pl. lesgelin).

laeg

green

(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386). 

laeg

keen

laeg (sharp, acute). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fresh, green”.

laeg

keen

(sharp, acute). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fresh, green”.

laeg

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

calen

green

1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

calen

green

(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").

Quendya 

ezel(la)

adjective. green

Element in

Variations

  • ezel/ezella ✧ WJ/399

Nandorin 

lego

adjective. green

Cognates

  • Q. laica “green” ✧ Let/282
  • Q. laiqua “green” ✧ PE17/153

Derivations

  • ✶laikā “green” ✧ Let/282
    • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282
  • ✶laikwā ✧ PE17/153

Element in

  • Nan. Legolas “Greenleaf” ✧ Let/282; PE17/153

Variations

  • leg ✧ Let/282
  • lēgo ✧ PE17/153
  • lĕgo ✧ PE17/153
Nandorin [Let/282; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

laikā

adjective. green

Derivations

  • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282

Derivatives

  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ Let/282
  • Q. laica “green” ✧ Let/282
  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ Let/282
Primitive elvish [Let/282] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

calen

adjective. green

Noldorin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhaeg

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Noldorin [Ety/367, VT/45:25, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhaeg

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. laika “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LAIK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • On. laika “keen” ✧ EtyAC/LAIK
    • ᴹ✶laikā “keen, sharp, acute”
    • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK

Element in

  • N. Lhathleg “sharp-ears” ✧ Ety/LAS²

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LAIK > lhaeg[laika] > [laik] > [l̥aik] > [l̥aig] > [l̥aeg]✧ Ety/LAIK
On. laika > lhoeg[laika] > [laik] > [l̥aik] > [l̥aig] > [l̥oeg]✧ EtyAC/LAIK

Variations

  • lhoeg ✧ EtyAC/LAIK
Noldorin [Ety/LAIK; Ety/LAS²; EtyAC/LAIK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhathleg

masculine name. sharp-ears

A name appearing only in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/LAS²). Its initial element is derived from the root ᴹ√LAS “listen”, probably ✱✶lastā given is Quenya cognate Lastalaika, where the [[n|[st] became [s] before a consonant]] and then the [[n|medial [s] became [θ] before [l]]], as in othlon. Its final element is a suffixal form of lhaeg “sharp”.

Conceptual Development: This name appears to be a variation on earlier G. Legolast “Keen-sight”.

Cognates

Noldorin [Ety/LAS²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhoeg

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Noldorin [Ety/367, VT/45:25, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhoeg

adjective. keen

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

laika

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Cognates

  • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LAIK
  • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LAIK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶laikā “keen, sharp, acute”
    • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LAIK > laika[laika]✧ Ety/LAIK

Variations

  • laike ✧ EtyAC/LAIK
Qenya [Ety/LAIK; EtyAC/LAIK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laiqa

adjective. green

Cognates

  • N. lhoeb “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶laikwā “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • ᴹ√LAYAK “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶laı̯k-wā > laiqa[laikwā] > [laikwa]✧ Ety/LÁYAK

lastalaika

masculine name. sharp-ears

A name appearing only in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/LAS²), compound of lasta “ear” and laika “sharp”.

Conceptual Development: A possible precursor to this name, ᴱQ. lastalaike “sharpsighted”, appeared in an early word list (PE15/68).

Cognates

  • N. Lhathleg “sharp-ears” ✧ Ety/LAS²

Elements

WordGloss
lasta“listening, hearing”
laika“keen, sharp, acute”

Doriathrin

gwene

adjective. green

An adjective for “green” derived from the root ᴹ√GWEN (Ety/GWEN). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. wenya suggests its primitive form was ✱✶gwenyā [gwenjā]. If so, it is an example of how, after [[ilk|final [a] was lost]], the [[ilk|final [j] became [i]]] and then became [e], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/gwene).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. venya “green, yellow-green, fresh” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GWEN “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GWEN > gwene[gwenjā] > [gwenja] > [gwenj] > [gweni] > [gwene]✧ Ety/GWEN
Doriathrin [Ety/GWEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

laika

adjective. keen

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶laikā “keen, sharp, acute”
    • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK

Derivatives

  • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ EtyAC/LAIK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LAIK > laika[laikā] > [laika]✧ Ety/LAIK
Old Noldorin [EtyAC/LAIK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

laikā

adjective. keen, sharp, acute

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAIK “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Derivatives

  • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • ᴹQ. laika “keen, sharp, acute”
  • On. laika “keen”
    • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ EtyAC/LAIK

Variations

  • laika ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LÁYAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laik

root. keen, sharp, acute

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “keen, sharp, acute” with derivatives like ᴹQ. laika/N. lhaeg of the same meaning; apparently the root was the result of a-fortification of ᴹ√LIK (Ety/LAIK; EtyAC/LAIK). It was thus distinct from ᴹ√LÁYAK “✱green, fresh” (Ety/LÁYAK). The root ᴹ√LAIK was clearly a later iteration of unglossed ᴱ√LAIKA from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. laika “keen, sharp” (QL/50), but in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien gave the primitive form as ᴱ✶leika > both G. (g)leg “keen, sharp, piercing” and ᴱQ. laika (GL/53). Since [[eq|[ei] became [ai]]] in Early Qenya, ᴱ✶leika seems more represenative of the 1910s form of this root.

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶laikā “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • ᴹQ. laika “keen, sharp, acute”
    • On. laika “keen”
    • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ EtyAC/LAIK
  • ᴹQ. laika “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • ᴹQ. laike “acuteness, keenness of perception” ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • On. laika “keen” ✧ Ety/LAIK
    • N. lhaeg “keen, sharp, acute” ✧ EtyAC/LAIK

Variations

  • LIK ✧ EtyAC/LAIK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK; EtyAC/LAIK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

laib

adjective. green

Changes

  • glaib → glaib “green” ✧ GL/39

Cognates

  • Eq. laiqa “green” ✧ GL/39; PE15/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Element in

  • G. Legolas “Greenleaf” ✧ PE15/28
  • G. Laigolas “Green-leaf” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi
  • G. laibrin “green, fresh, youthful” ✧ GL/52

Variations

  • glaib ✧ GL/39 (glaib); LT1A/Tári-Laisi
  • Laib ✧ PE15/28
  • laigo- ✧ PE15/28 (laigo-)
Gnomish [GL/39; GL/52; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PE15/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhaiw

adjective. green

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

laika

adjective. green

laiqa

adjective. green

Changes

  • laiqa → lúne ✧ PE16/056
  • laiqa → laiq’ ✧ PE16/062

Cognates

  • G. laib “green” ✧ GL/39; PE15/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PME/052; QL/052

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LAẎA > laiqa[laðʲkʷā] > [laðʲkʷa] > [lajkʷa] > [laikʷa]✧ QL/052

Variations

  • laika ✧ PE16/139
Early Quenya [GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; MC/214; MC/216; MC/221; PE14/083; PE15/28; PE16/056; PE16/062; PE16/065; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/077; PE16/100; PE16/104; PE16/139; PME/052; QL/052; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by