Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
koiva
adjective. awake; lively, living
Cognates
- En. caiw “lively, quick” ✧ PE13/140
Derivations
- ᴱ√KOẎO “have life” ✧ GL/29; LT1A/Koivië-néni; QL/048
Element in
- Eq. koivie “awakening; liveliness” ✧ LT1A/Koivië-néni; QL/048
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√KOI̯-VI > koiva [kojβā] > [kojβa] > [koiβa] > [koiβa] ✧ GL/29 ᴱ√KOẎO > koiva [koðʲβā] > [koðʲβa] > [kojβa] > [koiβa] > [koiβa] ✧ QL/048
qíva
adjective. awake
An adjective appearing as ᴱQ. Qîva “awake” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√QIV; Tolkien noted it was sometimes confused with ᴱQ. koiva “lively, living” (GL/29).
Neo-Quenya: I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. cuiva “awake” using the later root √KUY.
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴱ√QIVI “*awake” ✧ GL/29
Element in
- Eq. qívie “awakening” ✧ GL/29
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√QIV > Qîva [kʷīβā] > [kʷīβa] > [kʷīva] ✧ GL/29 Variations
- Qîva ✧ GL/29
A word appearing as ᴱQ. koiva “awake” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√KOẎO “have life” (QL/48), but in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon it was glossed “lively, living” (GL/29).
Neo-Quenya: I’d retain this word as ᴺQ. coiva “lively” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, since I use √KOY as the root of words having to do with life. For “awake” I’d use ᴺQ. cuiva, and for “living” I’d use Q. coirëa.