Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

hum

adverb. (right) down, (lit.) to bottom

humiol

adjective. sleepy, drowzy

A word for “sleepy, drowzy” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of G. hum- “sleep, drowze” (GL/49).

hum(i)los

noun. (red) poppy

A noun appearing as G. humilos or humlos “poppy” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, apparently a combination of G. hûm “sleep” and G. lôs (GL/49); compare to ᴱQ. fúmelot, its likely Early Qenya cognate (QL/39). It was followed by an archaic form †humethla, probably cognate to the other Early Qenya “poppy” word: ᴱQ. fumella (GL/49; QL/39). In other notes in the period, Tolkien had G. humethla and humloth as cognates to ᴱQ. fumella, which Tolkien described as “the red poppy that grew in hosts in Lorien’s gardens” (PE15/14).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would update this word to ᴺS. lurloth “poppy, (lit.) flower of sleep” using the element [ᴺS.] lûr “sleep” which is better supported by Tolkien’s later writings, and S. loth “flower” as the final element.

Gnomish [GL/49; PE15/14] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hum-

verb. to sleep, drowze

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “sleep, drowze” (GL/49), likely based on the early root {ᴱ√HUMU >>} ᴱ√FUMU “sleep” (QL/39).

humethla

noun. (red) poppy

humloth

noun. (red) poppy

lul-

verb. to sing, hum a lullaby

caug

noun. humpback

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “a humpback” from the early root ᴱ√kava (GL/25), cognate to ᴱQ. kauko of the same meaning (QL/45).

caug

adjective. humped, bulging; bent

An adjective in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed {“bowed, humped” >>} “humped, bulging; bent” based on the early root ᴱ√kava- (GL/25).

cam

adjective. bent, bowed; submissive, humble

hamra-

verb. to abase, abash; to humble oneself

haugrin

adjective. lowly, humble, mean

fufril

noun. moth

A noun appearing as G. fufril “moth” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/36).

Neo-Sindarin: The etymology of G. fufril isn’t clear, but could be derived from an early root ✱ᴱ√FUVU. I prefer to adapt this as a Neo-Root ᴺ√PHUM rather than ᴺ√PHUV/PHUB, since derivatives of ᴺ√PHUM would preserve the base vowel u. Thus I would adapt this word as ᴺS. fyvril “moth” < ✱phumril with i-affection; perhaps the final element is a feminine suffix as seen in N. thlingril “spider”. Admittedly this is all a very loose adaptation.

craig

adjective. crooked

Gnomish [GL/27; PE13/111] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwegla

adjective. crooked

lir-

verb. to sing

Gnomish [GL/39; GL/54; LT1A/Lindelos] Group: Eldamo. Published by