elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

enda

noun. heart; center, heart; center, *interior

Derivations

• √ENED “centre, middle; three”

Element in

• ᴺQ. endaurë “noon, (lit.) mid-day”

sanar

mind

sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)

minta

inwards, [?into]

minta prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkien's gloss is not certainly legible). Also mitta. (VT45:34)

mitta

inwards, [?into]

mitta (4) prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkiens gloss is not certainly legible). Also minta. (VT45:34)

enne

noun. thought, purpose

mitya

interior

mitya adj. "interior" (MI)

sanwë

thought, an act of thinking

sanwë noun "thought, an act of thinking" (VT39:23, 30; VT41:5, 13, PE17:183)

sáma

mind

sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)

sáma

noun. mind

Derivations

• √SAM “mind, think, reflect, be aware” ✧ PE17/183; VT41/05

Element in

• ᴺQ. sámalórië “madness”
• ᴺQ. essámalë “agreement, (lit.) one-mindedness”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√SAM > sāma	[sāma]	✧ PE17/183
√sam > sāma	[sāma]	✧ VT41/05

Variations

• sāma ✧ PE17/183; VT41/05

síma

mind, imagination

síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)

tenna

noun. thought

thought, notion, idea

mitië

noun. interior

Elements

Word	Gloss
mitya	“interior”

hûn

noun. *heart

A noun appearing as N. hûn in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “heart (physical)” derived from the root ᴹ√KHŌ-N of the same meaning (Ety/KHŌ-N). This word was not used metaphorically; a metaphorical or emotional “heart” would be S. gûr or ind. Similar but unglossed forms hôn or hûn derived from ✶khōn- appeared in Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/86), which could be later iterations of the Noldorin “heart” word. A prior word S. hû in the same notes was glossed “hound” or “heart” according to Christopher Gilson.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {hond >>} honn “heart” which Tolkien specified was “not used metaphorically, for which ilf is used” (GL/49). It was likely based on the early root ᴱ√HONO from which the Early Qenya word for “heart” was derived (QL/40). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien again had hond “heart” (PE13/147), but it was deleted and replaced by ᴱN. lhonn “heart” (PE13/149). The initial h was restored in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as noted above.

Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s later writings, the primitive root for this word sometimes became √khōm (NM/176; PE19/102; PE21/71), which in Sindarin would produced hû. However, I would retain the form hûn as a Sindarin-only variant; compare to the root √TAM which had a Sindarin variant √TAN.

Derivations

• ✶khōm “(physical) heart” ✧ PE17/086
  • √KHOM “heart (physical organ)”

Variations

• hôn ✧ PE17/086

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

• Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/11

Derivations

• ✶gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
  • √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11

Element in

• S. guren bêd enni “my heart tells me” ✧ VT41/11

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶gorē > gûr	[gorē] > [gōre] > [gūre] > [gūr]	✧ VT41/11

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

ind

noun. some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart, some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart [metaphorical], [N.] inner thought, meaning

Cognates

• Q. indo “(state of) mind, (inner) thought, mood; will, resolve, (state of) mind, (inner) thought, mood; will, resolve; [ᴹQ.] heart”
• T. indo “a particular will or intention of a person” ✧ PE22/165

Derivations

• ✶indō “interior reflection or mind, the mind in its purposing faculty, the will; mood, heart” ✧ PE22/165
  • ✶im-dō “self, innermost being, centre of reason” ✧ NM/176
  • √IM “same, alike, [ᴱ√] same, alike”
  • √NID “force, press(ure), thrust; will, will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against” ✧ PE22/165; PE22/165

Element in

• S. Húrin
• ᴺS. indram “shock, (lit.) mind-blow”
• S. innas “*will”
• S. inn dha v’im “I have a good mind (to do so), (lit.) there is an ‘inn’ in me” ✧ PE22/165
• ᴺS. pen-ind “insane, heartless, crazy”
• S. Saelind “Wise-heart” ✧ MR/305
• S. Túrin

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶indu > ind > inn	[indu] > [indo] > [ind] > [inn]	✧ PE22/165

Variations

• inn ✧ PE22/165

inn

noun. some particular purpose or intention of an individual

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

hûn

heart

1) (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû- apparently meaning ”heart”..

idhr

id

> idhor as the later forms.)

idhor

thoughtfulness

. (Correction of idher in LR:361 s.v.

nauth

thought

nauth (pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

nauth

thought

(pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

idhren

thoughtful

(pondering, wise), pl. idhrin;

ind

inner thought

ind (mind, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. innath

ind

inner thought

ind (mind, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

Cognates

• Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/15; VT41/11

Derivations

• ✶gorē “heart, inner(most) mind” ✧ VT41/11
  • √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11
• √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ VT41/15

Element in

• T. óre nia pete nin “my heart tells me” ✧ VT41/11

Variations

• ōre ✧ VT41/11; VT41/11
• hōre ✧ VT41/15

gorē

noun. heart, inner(most) mind

Derivations

• √GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move, deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, violence” ✧ NM/176; VT41/11

Derivatives

• Q. órë “heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition” ✧ VT41/11
• S. gûr “heart (inner mind)” ✧ VT41/11
• T. órë “heart (inner mind)” ✧ VT41/11

Variations

• ōre ✧ NM/176
• ʒorē ✧ NM/219

indō

noun. interior reflection or mind, the mind in its purposing faculty, the will; mood, heart

Changes

• inidō/in’dō → inidu/in’du ✧ PE22/165
• inidu/in’du → inidō/in’dō ✧ PE22/165

Derivations

• ✶im-dō “self, innermost being, centre of reason” ✧ NM/176
  • √IM “same, alike, [ᴱ√] same, alike”
• √NID “force, press(ure), thrust; will, will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against” ✧ PE22/165; PE22/165

Derivatives

• Q. indo “(state of) mind, (inner) thought, mood; will, resolve, (state of) mind, (inner) thought, mood; will, resolve; [ᴹQ.] heart” ✧ PE22/165
  • Q. indu- “to will, do on purpose” ✧ PE22/165
• S. ind “some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart, some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart [metaphorical], [N.] inner thought, meaning” ✧ PE22/165
• T. indo “a particular will or intention of a person” ✧ PE22/165

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶im-dō > indō	[imdō] > [indō]	✧ NM/176

Variations

• inidō/in’dō ✧ PE22/165; PE22/165 (inidō/in’dō)
• indu ✧ PE22/165
• inidu/in’du ✧ PE22/165 (inidu/in’du)

nest

noun. ?heart, core

Derivations

• ᴹ√(E)NED “centre, middle”

Element in

• N. Forannest “North Entrance [?In]” ✧ WR/357 (fornest)

Variations

• nesta ✧ WR/357
• nethra ✧ WR/357

nesta

noun. ?heart, core

nethra

noun. ?heart, core

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

Cognates

• ᴹQ. hón “heart (physical)” ✧ Ety/KHŌ-N

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHO(N) “heart (physical)” ✧ Ety/KHŌ-N

Element in

• N. Hundor ✧ Ety/KHŌ-N

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHŌ-N > hûn	[kʰōn] > [kʰūn] > [xūn] > [hūn]	✧ Ety/KHŌ-N

nauth

noun. thought

nauth

noun. thought

Derivations

• ᴹ√NOW “think, form idea, imagine” ✧ Ety/NOWO

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√NOWO > nauth	[nowtʰe] > [noutʰe] > [noutʰe] > [nouθe] > [nauθe] > [nauθ]	✧ Ety/NOWO

Variations

• nauth- ✧ EtyAC/NOWO

ind

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

ind

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

Cognates

• ᴹQ. indo “heart, mood” ✧ Ety/ID

Derivations

• ᴹ√ID “*desire, ?thought” ✧ Ety/ID

Element in

• N. Gondolin “Heart of Hidden Rock”
• N. Húrin ✧ Ety/ID
• N. Inglor “*Heart of Gold”
• N. Túrin ✧ Ety/ID

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ID > inn	[indo] > [ind] > [inn]	✧ Ety/ID

Variations

• inn ✧ Ety/ID

inn

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

inn

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart