Quenya 

elwen

heart

elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)

enda

heart

enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)

hón

heart

hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)

órë

heart

órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).

hón

noun. heart (physical organ)

The word for the “heart” as a physical organ, as opposed to more metaphorical words like Q. órë and Q. indo. Its stem form was hom- in Tolkien’s later writings (NM/176, PE19/97).

Conceptual Development: The base word for “heart” was quite stable in Tolkien’s mind, but its exact stem form varied. It first appeared as ᴱQ. hon (hond-) “heart” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√HONO, above a longer form hondo (QL/40). It became honde “heart” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/137), but in the contemporaneous Early Noldorin Word-lists, it was londo (PE13/149, 162).

In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s it was ᴹQ. hón “heart” with stem form hom- (PE21/23), but in The Etymologies written around 1937 it was derived from the root ᴹ√KHŌ-N “heart (physical)” (Ety/KHŌ-N). In 1968 notes on gender, hón the “physical organ heart” again had a stem form hom-, and in green ink addendums to the Outline of Phonology (OP2) from around 1970, Tolkien gave the primitive form as ✶khō̆m (PE19/97 and 98 note #142). In this last note, Tolkien said it “is not the physical heart, but ‘the interior’ used of the whole range of emotions or feelings”; this seems to be the only place Tolkien indicated this word was metaphorical in nature rather than referring to the physical organ.

órë

noun. heart (inner mind); warning, caution, (pre)monition, heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition

The meaning of the Quenya word órë is quite subtle, and does not have a direct equivalent in English. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien translated the word as “heart (inner mind)” (LotR/1123), but elsewhere he said that this was a poor translation of the word (VT41/11; NM/220). Tolkien wrote a lengthy essay on the nature of this word, first published in the year 2000 (VT41/11-19) and again in 2021 (NM/219-225). In this essay Tolkien described it as the source of wisdom and moral impulses that informed one’s judgement, so perhaps the closest English equivalent is “conscience”. This is still not quite right, however, since the órë could be the source of negative impulses as well, particularly among Men (VT41/13; NM/223). Furthermore, divine powers such as the Valar could sometimes (but not always) communicate subtly through one’s órë (VT41/15). Galadriel was described as having a particularly noble and generous órë (PM/337).

This word could also be used with the sense “warning, caution” (VT41/15) or even “premonition” (VT41/13). It seems that the órë and its urges was viewed as almost external to the mind itself, as indicated by the phrase órenya quetë nin “my heart tells me” = “I feel compelled to ...”, not unlike the pop-cultural “shoulder angel and devil” whispering into your ear. Tolkien said that in Quenya this word was associated with the sense of √OR “rise” and its urges were seen as rising up within the spirit (VT41/13). Compare this to the words for ordinary feelings, such as fëafelmë “✱(lit.) spirit-impulse”.

The word órë was also the name of tengwa #21 [6] used for a weak and untrilled medial r (LotR/1123), many of which originated from primitive intervocalic [z] or [d]. There is no sign that órë ever had such a consonant medially, however, and it seems this name was chosen simply because it had a medial r.

Conceptual Development: There is no clear precursor to this word in Tolkien’s earlier writings, except perhaps ᴹQ. hóre “impulse” (Ety/KHOR).

Quenya [LotR/1123; PE22/155; PM/337; VT41/11; VT41/12; VT41/13; VT41/14; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Huorë

heart-vigour, courage

Huorë masc. name "Heart-vigour, courage" (KHŌ-N)

Naira

heart of flame

Naira (1) noun "Heart of Flame", a name of the Sun (MR:198)

indo

heart, mood

indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.

holmo

adverb. sincerely, heartily, sincerely, heartily; *(lit.) from the heart; [ᴹQ.] from the middle

enda

noun. heart; centre, heart; centre, *interior

honda

adjective. hearted

An adjective form of hón appearing as an element of the word sincahonda “flint-hearted” (LotR/979).

Conceptual Development: In 1940s Lord of the Rings drafts it first appeared as ᴹQ. hondo in ᴹQ. tingahondo “flint-hearted” (SD/68).

ruimen

noun. fireplace, hearth

A word for “fireplace, hearth” in 1964 notes on Dalath Dirnen (DD) derived from the root √RUYU “blaze, red” (PE17/183). Its second element might be √MEN = “place” (its meaning from the 1930s), though in Tolkien’s later writings this root was more often used for “direction”.

Conceptual Development: Earlier fireplace words from the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s include ᴱQ. arin “hearth” derived from the early root ᴱ√ARA “be dry” (QL/32; PME/32) and ᴱQ. purin (purind-) “hearth” derived from the early root ᴱ√PUŘU [PUÐU] “consume by fire” (QL/76; PME/76).

ruimen

fireplace, hearth

ruimen noun "fireplace, hearth" (PE17:183)

anar

noun. Sun

Anar is the most common Quenya name for the Sun and was derived from primitive ✶Anār, an augmented form of the root √NAR “fire” (Let/425; PE17/38; Ety/ANÁR; SD/302, 306). In the uninflected form the long vowel shortens as usual in final syllables, but its stem form is probably Anár- as with the name Anárion (LotR/1044) and the plural coranári of coranar “sun-round” (PM/126). When suffixes with consonant clusters are added, however, the á shortens such as with Anarinya “my Sun” (LR/72).

Conceptual Development: This term appeared in Silmarillion drafts of the 1930s with the gloss “Heart of Flame” (LR/240) and as ᴹQ. Anar “sun” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, already with the derivation given above (Ety/ANÁR, NAR¹).

Quenya [Let/425; MC/222; MR/044; MRI/Anar; NM/280; NM/281; PE17/038; PE17/148; PE17/152; PE21/86; S/099; SA/nár; SI/Anar; UT/022; UTI/Anar; WJI/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hontompa

noun. heartbeat

@@@ Discord 2022-07-18

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

lúsina

glowing

lúsina adj. "glowing" (of things), "hearty" (of people) (QL:57). If this word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya, one would have to assume that it represents older lúþina and is derived from a root LUTH.

Anar

sun

Anar noun "Sun" (ANÁR, NAR1, SA:nár; UT:22 cf. 51); anar "a sun" (Markirya); Anarinya "my Sun" (FS). See also ceuranar, Úr-anar. (According to VT45:6, Tolkien in the Etymologies mentioned anar "sun" as the name of the short vowel carrier of the Tengwar writing system; it would be the first letter if anar is written in Quenya mode Tengwar.) Compounded in the masc. name Anárion "Sun-son" (Isildur's brother, also the Númenorean king Tar-Anárion, UT:210); also in Anardil "Sun-friend" (Appendix A), a name also occurring in the form Anardilya with a suffix of endearment (UT:174, 418). Anarya noun second day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the Sun (Appendix D). Anarríma name of a constellation: *"Sun-border"??? (Silm; cf. ríma)

Calaventë

sun

Calaventë _("k")_noun "Sun" (LT1:254)

Calavénë

sun

Calavénë _("k")_noun "Sun" (lit. "light-vessel", "light-dish") (LT1:254)

Narsil

sun

Narsil (Þ) noun the sword of Elendil, compound of the stems seen in Anar "Sun" and Isil "Moon"; see Letters:425 for etymology

enne

noun. thought, purpose

Quenya [PE 22:51n] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

lauca

warm

lauca ("k")adj. "warm" (LAW)

minta

inwards, [?into]

minta prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkien's gloss is not certainly legible). Also mitta. (VT45:34)

mitta

inwards, [?into]

mitta (4) prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkiens gloss is not certainly legible). Also minta. (VT45:34)

mitya

interior

mitya adj. "interior" (MI)

sanar

mind

sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)

sanwë

thought, an act of thinking

sanwë noun "thought, an act of thinking" (VT39:23, 30; VT41:5, 13, PE17:183)

sáma

mind

sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)

sáma

noun. mind

Quenya [PE17/183; VT39/23; VT39/30; VT41/05] Group: Eldamo. Published by

síma

mind, imagination

síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)

tenna

noun. thought

thought, notion, idea

Quenya [PE 19:97] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

vása

proper name. Consumer

Another name given to the Sun by the Noldor (S/99), translated as “Consumer” (MR/130). The etymology of this name is unclear, though it could conceivably be related to the root ᴹ√BARAS “heat” (Ety/BARAS). The usual Quenya word for the Sun is Anar.

Conceptual Development: The earliest Elvish name for the Sun was ᴱQ. Ûr “Fire” (LT1/187), changed to ᴹQ. Úrin “Fiery” in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/240). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, Úrin changed to Naira and then Vása (MR/198), though Úr(in) still appeared in some late writings (PE17/148, MR/377).

Quenya [MR/130; MR/198; MRI/Vása; S/099; SI/Vása] Group: Eldamo. Published by

úr(in)

proper name. Sun

A late remnant of earlier names for the Sun: ᴱQ. Ûr and ᴹQ. Úrin. In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, this name was changed from Úrin >> Naira >> Vása (MR/198), but the form Úr(in) occasionally appeared in some later writings (PE17/148, MR/377). This name was a derivative of the root √UR “heat, be hot” (PE17/148).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this name was ᴱQ. Ûr, Ur or Úri “Sun”, but literally meaning “Fire” (LT1/187, QL/98). The name became ᴹQ. Úrin in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/240). It was rejected in The Etymologies along with the root form ᴹ√UR, but reappeared sometimes in later writing as noted above.

Quenya [MR/198; MR/377; MRI/Úr; PE17/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

úri

sun

úri noun "sun" (MC:214, 221; this is "Qenya"); genitive úrio "sun's" (MC:216)

mitië

noun. interior

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

hûn

noun. *heart

A noun appearing as N. hûn in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “heart (physical)” derived from the root ᴹ√KHŌ-N of the same meaning (Ety/KHŌ-N). This word was not used metaphorically; a metaphorical or emotional “heart” would be S. gûr or ind. Similar but unglossed forms hôn or hûn derived from ✶khōn- appeared in Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/86), which could be later iterations of the Noldorin “heart” word. A prior word S. in the same notes was glossed “hound” or “heart” according to Christopher Gilson.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {hond >>} honn “heart” which Tolkien specified was “not used metaphorically, for which ilf is used” (GL/49). It was likely based on the early root ᴱ√HONO from which the Early Qenya word for “heart” was derived (QL/40). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien again had hond “heart” (PE13/147), but it was deleted and replaced by ᴱN. lhonn “heart” (PE13/149). The initial h was restored in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as noted above.

Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s later writings, the primitive root for this word sometimes became √khōm (NM/176; PE19/102; PE21/71), which in Sindarin would produced . However, I would retain the form hûn as a Sindarin-only variant; compare to the root √TAM which had a Sindarin variant √TAN.

Sindarin [PE17/086] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (inner mind)

ind

noun. some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart, some particular purpose or intention of an individual; heart [metaphorical], [N.] inner thought, meaning

Sindarin [MR/305; PE22/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gûr

noun. heart (in the moral sense), counsel

Sindarin [VT/41:11,15] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ruist

noun. fireplace, hearth

A word for “fireplace, hearth” in 1964 notes on Dalath Dirnen (DD) derived from the root √RUYU “blaze, red” (PE17/183).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. tangar or tangor “hearthgrate, fireplace” based on the early root ᴱ√tan- (GL/69). Gnomish Lexicon Slips modifying that document had G. bordd [borð] “fireplace” related to primitive ᴱ✶búrı̯ā (PE13/116). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. {borth, bordh “hearth” >>} gorth “hearth, fireplace” (PE13/139, 145).

Sindarin [PE17/183] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hûn

heart

1) (physical heart) hûn (i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin), 2) (inner mind) gûr (i **ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11). 3) ind (inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath. 4) nest (core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix hû**- apparently meaning ”heart”..

nest

heart

(core, center), pl. nist. Also notice the prefix - apparently meaning ”heart”..

gûr

heart

(i ’ûr, construct gur), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11).

hûn

heart

(i chûn, o chûn, construct hun), pl. huin (i chuin)

ind

heart

(inner thought, mind, meaning), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

Huor

noun. Huor

heart-vigour, courage [Etym. GOR-, KHŌ-N]; hûr (“vigour, fiery spirit”) + gor (from primitive *gore “violence, impetus, haste”) The name was adapted to S from the language of the Edain.

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

pen-ind

adjective. insane, heartless, crazy

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

inner thought

ind (mind, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. innath

ind

inner thought

ind (mind, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

Anor

sun

1) Anor (pl. Anoer if there is a pl.) Archaic Anaur (SD:306). 2) naur (mainly in compounds as nar-, -nor) (flame, fire), pl. noer, coll. pl. norath.

laug

warm

laug (pl. loeg)

nauth

thought

nauth (pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

Anor

noun. sun

Sindarin [Ety/348, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Anor

noun. Sun

_n. Astron._Sun. Q. anār/anăr. >> Ithil

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:30:38:55] < (A)NAR. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

anor

noun. Sun

The most common Sindarin name for the Sun derived from primitive ✶Anār, an augmented form of the root √NAR “fire” (PE17/38; Ety/ANÁR; SD/302-303, 306). The o is the result of ancient ā becoming au and then this au becoming o in polysyllables.

Conceptual Development: The term Anor was first mentioned in conjunction with early tales of Númenor (LR/41). It briefly appeared as N. {ánar >>} Anar “sun” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the entry for ᴹ√NAR (Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/NAR¹), but as Anor under ᴹ√ANÁR (Ety/ANÁR). In The Notion Club Papers of the 1940s it was Anor, archaic †Anaur (SD/302-303, 306) and it retained this form thereafter.

Sindarin [LotRI/Anor; PE17/030; PE17/038; PE17/055; RC/297; SA/nár; SDI2/Anar; SI/Anor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

inn

noun. some particular purpose or intention of an individual

laug

adjective. warm

Sindarin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

anor

sun

(pl. Anoer if there is a pl.) Archaic Anaur (SD:306).

idhor

thoughtfulness

. (Correction of idher in LR:361 s.v.

idhr

id

> idhor as the later forms.)

idhren

thoughtful

(pondering, wise), pl. idhrin;

laug

adjective. warm

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

laug

warm

(pl. loeg)

naur

sun

(mainly in compounds as nar-, -nor) (flame, fire), pl. noer, coll. pl. norath.

nauth

thought

(pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

Noldorin 

inglor

masculine name. *Heart of Gold

In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name appeared as the true Elvish name of Felagund “Lord of Caves”, which was his title as the lord of Nargothrond (LR/116). In The Etymologies, Inglor was given as a derivative of ᴹ✶Indo-ʒlaurē, in effect a compound of N. ind “heart” and N. glaur “gold”, so “✱Heart of Gold”.

Conceptual Development: See S. Felagund for a discussion of the conceptual development of this and related names, and see S. Inglor for the later developments of this name.

Noldorin [Ety/ID; Ety/LÁWAR; LBI/Inglor; LR/116; LRI/Inglor; LT1I/Inglor; PE22/041; RSI/Inglor; SM/339; SMI/Inglor; TII/Inglor; UTI/Inglor; WJI/Inglor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gondolin

place name. Heart of Hidden Rock

Noldorin [Ety/DUL; Ety/GOND; EtyAC/DUL; EtyAC/GOND; LRI/Gondolin; PE22/034; PE22/041; RSI/Gondolin; SDI1/Gondolin; SDI2/Gondolin; SMI/Gondolin; TII/Gondolin; WRI/Gondolin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

huor

masculine name. heart-vigour, courage

Noldorin [Ety/GOR; Ety/KHŌ-N; LRI/Huor; SDI2/Huor; SMI/Huor; WRI/Huor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

Noldorin [Ety/KHŌ-N] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ind

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

Noldorin [Ety/364] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ind

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

Noldorin [Ety/361, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

inn

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

Noldorin [Ety/361, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

inn

noun. inner thought, meaning, heart

nest

noun. ?heart, core

nesta

noun. ?heart, core

nethra

noun. ?heart, core

Anor

noun. sun

Noldorin [Ety/348, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

anaur

noun. Sun

anor

noun. Sun

Noldorin [Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/NAR¹; LR/041; LRI/Anar; LRI/Anor; SD/303; SD/306; SDI2/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhaug

adjective. warm

Noldorin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhaug

adjective. warm

An adjective appearing as N. lhaug “warm” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from primitive ᴹ✶lauka under the root ᴹ√LAW of the same meaning (Ety/LAW).

Conceptual Development: G. laug appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “(of plants) alive, having sap, green, vigorous” (GL/53), likely based on the early root ᴱ√LAWA having to do with the life of plants (QL/52).

Neo-Sindarin: This word is usually adapted as ᴺS. laug “warm” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD), since the unvoicing of initial l is not a feature of later Sindarin.

nauth

noun. thought

Noldorin [Ety/378, VT/46:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nauth

noun. thought

Noldorin [Ety/NOWO; EtyAC/NOWO] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

khom

root. heart (physical organ)

This root has a fairly long history as the basis for Elvish words for the physical heart (as opposed to metaphorical). Its earliest appearance was as ᴱ√HONO in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivative ᴱQ. hon (hond-) “heart” (QL/40), as well as G. honn “heart” appearing in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon along with the added note “not used metaphorically, for which ilf is used” (GL/49).

In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, Tolkien gave the words as ᴹQ. hōn “heart” with stem-form hom-, indicating that the final consonant of the primitive form was revised to -m. However, in The Etymologies of the mid-to-late 1930s the root was ᴹ√KHŌ-N “heart (physical)” (Ety/KHŌ-N), and in Primitive Quendian Structure from 1936 it was ᴹ✶khōn “heart”, and likewise in Primitive Quendian Structure: Final Consonants (PE22/64) and Notes for Quenya Declensions (PE22/66) from the 1940s, though in the last it was revised to ᴹ✶hōn (PE22/66 note #4).

The form ✶khō-n “heart” reappeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from 1951-2 (PE21/71), but in Outline of Phonology (OP2) from the early 1950s Tolkien wrote CE ✶khōm “heart” (PE19/102). In notes from 1968 he again gave ✶khom as the basis for the physical heart, though in another note written at the same time, it was ✶khōn or ✶khond (NM/176 and note #2).

In a green-ink marginal note to the Outline of Phonology (OP2), Tolkien wrote:

> Cf. holmo > khomlo “from the heart” us[ed] as adverb, sincerely, (?heartily). N.B. CE khō̆m, heart, is not the physical heart, but “the interior” used of the whole range of emotions or feelings. [It] is distinct from indo (?applied) to interior reflection[?] or mind (PE19/97).

These green-ink revisions were circa 1970, so this may be the last thing Tolkien wrote on the topic. It seems the conceptual history for the forms of this root was 1910s √HON >> early 1930s √HOM >> mid 1930s-early 50s √KHON >> mid 1950s-1970 √KHOM, with a (brief?) flirtation with √KHON in 1968. The switch from physical to metaphorical heart seems to be a very late idea (1970), and I would ignore it for purposes of Neo-Eldarin.

Primitive elvish [NM/176; PE19/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gorē

noun. heart, inner(most) mind

Primitive elvish [NM/176; NM/219; VT41/11] Group: Eldamo. Published by

indō

noun. interior reflection or mind, the mind in its purposing faculty, the will; mood, heart

Primitive elvish [NM/176; PE19/097; PE22/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

anār

noun. Sun

Primitive elvish [SA/nár] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Telerin 

órë

noun. heart (inner mind)

Telerin [VT41/11; VT41/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Adûnaic

ûri

noun. sun

A noun translated “sun” (SD/306, 428). This word appears in the forms ûrê, ûri and ûrî, but Tolkien declared that the form with long î is actually the personified form Ûrî “Lady of the Sun” (SD/426), perhaps the Adûnaic name of Q. Arien. The form ûrê only appears once (SD/426), so ûri is probably to be preferred as the ordinary word for Sun, especially since it is a neuter noun, which ordinarily cannot end in a long (SD/427). Tolkien lists the “later forms Uir, Ŷr” (SD/306), one of which may be the Westron word for “sun”, most likely Wes. uir. As suggested by several authors (AAD/24, EotAL/UR), ûri is probably derived from the Elvish root ᴹ√UR.

Adûnaic [SD/306; SD/426; SD/428] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Quenya

elwen

noun. heart

A word appearing as ᴱQ. Elben “heart” in the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin of the 1910s (LT2/202; PE15/23), but as ᴱQ. Elwen “heart” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√LEFE (QL/35, 52). These words were connected to the character G. Elfrith who vanished from later versions of the legendarium.

Early Quenya [LT1A/Ilverin; LT2/202; PE15/23; QL/035; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hon

noun. heart

Early Quenya [PE13/149; PE13/162; PE15/32; PE16/137; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

elben

noun. heart

honde

noun. heart

hondo

noun. heart

londa

noun. heart

malkamekte

masculine name. *Heart of Evil

Qenya cognate of Balcmeg in an early name list (PE13/105), a combination of malka “hurtful” and mekte “heart”.

Early Quenya [PE13/105] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hir

noun. inwards, interior, inside, heart

Early Quenya [PE13/161] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mekte

noun. heart; centre

Early Quenya [QL/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

áma

noun. mind, heart, thought

Early Quenya [GL/62] Group: Eldamo. Published by

arin

noun. hearth

Early Quenya [PME/032; QL/032] Group: Eldamo. Published by

purin

noun. hearth

Early Quenya [PME/076; QL/076] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lúsina

adjective. warm, glowing (of things); affectionate, hearty (of people)

Early Quenya [QL/057] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ir

noun. interior, centre, inwards, inner parts

Early Quenya [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ahúra

noun. Sun

An early Qenya word for the Sun appearing in a word list from the 1920s (PE15/77). Its etymology is obscure.

Early Quenya [PE15/77] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aurin

adjective. warm

Early Quenya [PE13/160; QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

auro

noun. sun

A noun appearing in Early Noldorin Word-lists as {ūru >>} auro, cognate of ᴱN. úr “sun”, and derived from {✶ourǝ >>} ✶ourū̆ (PE13/155). Elsewhere Q. Úr(in) was a name for the Sun from the 1910s up through the 1950s, but Tolkien eventually changed this to Vása (MR/198).

Early Quenya [PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

int

adverb. inwards

Early Quenya [QL/042] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sári

proper name. Sun

A name for the Sun in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/186), probably a derivative of the root ᴱ√SAH(Y)A “be hot” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Sári).

Early Quenya [LRI/Sári; LT1/186; LT1/198; LT1A/Sári; LT1I/Sári; PE14/014; SMI/Sári] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

lefe

root. *heart

An unglossed root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with the derivatives ᴱQ. lepsa “liver” and ᴱQ. elwen “heart” (QL/52). The Gnomish equivalent of the elwen “heart” was G. elf, revised to G. ilf (GL/32, 50). Tolkien used other words for “heart” in his later writings, but I think it is worth positing a root ᴺ√LEPH “liver” for purposes of Neo-Eldarin to retain ᴱQ. lepsa “liver”.

Early Primitive Elvish [QL/035; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hono

root. *heart

Early Primitive Elvish [QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ourū̆

noun. sun

Early Primitive Elvish [PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

elf

noun. heart

Gnomish [GL/32; LT2/202; PE15/23] Group: Eldamo. Published by

honn

noun. heart

ilf

noun. heart

Gnomish [GL/49; GL/50; LT1A/Ilverin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

balcmeg

masculine name. Heart of Evil

Gnomish [LT2A/Balcmeg; LT2I/Balcmeg; PE13/105; PE15/21] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ôm

noun. mind, heart, thought

tangar

noun. hearthgrate, fireplace

tangor

noun. hearthgrate, fireplace

aur(a)

noun. Sun

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as Aur “Sun” (GL/20), probably a cognate of ᴱQ. Ûr from the root ᴱ√URU as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Ûr; QL/098). It appeared as aura in G. nalos·aura “sunset” and G. orosaura “sunrise” (GL/59, 62). The word G. aur “sun” was also mentioned in Gnomish Lexicon Slips with corrections for that document (PE13/114), but by The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. aur meant “day”, whereas N. Anor became the name of the Sun (Ety/ANÁR, AR¹).

Gnomish [GL/20; GL/59; GL/62; GL/75; LT1A/Ûr; LT1I/Aur; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bordd

noun. fireplace

galaduir

proper name. Sun

hŷr

noun. sun

A word appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips of the 1910s as {ŷr >>} hŷr “sun” beside a variant G. aur of the same meaning (PE13/114).

uril

proper name. Sun

Gnomish [GL/75; LT1A/Ûr] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhonn

noun. heart

Early Noldorin [PE13/147; PE13/149; PE13/156; PE13/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gir

noun. interior, inwards, centre, inner parts, inside, heart

Early Noldorin [PE13/144; PE13/161] Group: Eldamo. Published by

urhonn

adjective. heartless

A word for “heartless” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, a combination of ᴱN. honn “heart” with the privative prefix ᴱN. ur- (PE13/156).

Early Noldorin [PE13/156] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gorth

noun. hearth, fireplace

Early Noldorin [PE13/139; PE13/145] Group: Eldamo. Published by

úr

noun. sun

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/151; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

khōn

noun. heart

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/55; PE21/64; PE21/66] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gond-dol-ind

place name. heart of hidden rock

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/DUL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

indo

noun. mood, heart

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ID; Ety/TUR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

indo-ʒlaurē

masculine name. *Heart of Gold

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ID; EtyAC/ID] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kho(n)

root. heart (physical)

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GOR; Ety/KHŌ-N] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khōgore

masculine name. heart-vigour, courage

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GOR; Ety/KHŌ-N] Group: Eldamo. Published by

īdē

noun. heart, desire, wish

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ID; EtyAC/ID] Group: Eldamo. Published by

anār

noun. Sun

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ANÁR; SD/302; SD/306] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lauka

adjective. warm

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAW; PE18/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

huore

masculine name. heart-vigour, courage

Quenya equivalent of N. Huor appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a derivative of the same primitive form ᴹ✶Khōgore (Ety/KHŌ-N).

hón

noun. heart (physical)

Qenya [Ety/KHŌ-N; LR/063; LR/072; PE21/19; PE21/23; PE21/52; PE21/62; PE23/081] Group: Eldamo. Published by

indo

noun. heart, mood

Qenya [Ety/ID; LR/072] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hon-maren

heart of the house

hondo

adjective. *hearted

anar

noun. Sun

Qenya [Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/ANÁR; LR/041; LR/072; LR/240; LRI/Anar; PE22/019; PE22/023; SD/306; SDI2/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hont

adverb. inwards

Qenya [PE21/23; PE21/25] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lauka

adjective. warm

mitya

adjective. interior

Edain

huor

masculine name. Huor

Youngest son of Galdor and father of Tuor (S/148). His name was from the language of Atani but adapted into Sindarin (PM/348, 364 note #49).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, the father of Tuor was first named G. Peleg “axe” (LT2/88, LT2A/Peleg). The name was revised to ᴱN. Fengel in Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/145). The name only became N. Huor in the Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/24, LR/275), and in The Etymologies was given as a Noldorin name meaning “heart-vigour, courage”, derived from primitive ᴹ✶Khōgore (Ety/KHŌ-N, GOR). In notes for the Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s Tolkien decided his name was adapted from his native language, as noted above.

Edain [LotRI/Huor; LT2I/Huor; Minor-Doc/1964-03-05; PM/348; PMI/Huor; RSI/Huor; SI/Huor; UTI/Huor; WJI/Huor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Westron

uir

noun. sun

A word listed as a later form of Ad. ûri “sun” (SD/306) and therefore perhaps a Westron word, as suggested by Andreas Moehn (EotAL/UR). The other “later form” Ŷr is unlikely to be Westron, since y seems not to be a vowel in Westron.