Quenya 

númen

west, the way of the sunset

númen noun "west, the way of the sunset" (SA:andúnë, cf. NDŪ, MEN; capitalized Númen under SA:men and in CO), "going down, occudent" (Letters:361), also name of tengwa #17 _(Appendix E). _According to VT45:38, the word is actually cited as "nú-men" in Tolkien's Etymologies manuscript. Allative númenna "Westward" (LR:47, SD:310, VT49:20, capitalized Númenna, VT49:22; numenna with a short u, VT49:23); adj. númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18, 20). See also númenyaron, númessier. - In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, "nú-men" was intended as the name of tengwa #21, to which letter Tolkien at this stage assigned the value n (VT45:38). However, this tengwa was later given the Quenya value r instead and was renamed órë.

númë

noun. west

tumbo

(deep) valley

tumbo (stem *tumbu-, given the primitive form ¤tumbu) noun "(deep) valley", under or among hills (TUB, SA:tum), "depth" (PE17:81). - In early "Qenya", the gloss was "dark vale" (LT1:269). See tumba.

Sindarin 

dûn

noun. west

Sindarin [Ety/376, S/428, LotR/E-F] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dûn

noun. west

_n. _west. Q. -. >> annûn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:18:121] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

dûn

noun. west

Cognates

  • Q. númen “west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down” ✧ LotR/1123; PE17/018; SA/andúnë

Derivations

  • NDU “down, under, below; sink, descend, go down, down, under, below; sink, descend, go down, [ᴹ√] set (of Sun)” ✧ SA/andúnë

Derivatives

  • Ad. adûn “west, westward” ✧ PE17/018

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ndu > dûn[ndūne] > [dūne] > [dūn]✧ SA/andúnë

Variations

  • Dûn ✧ LotR/1130
  • Dún ✧ WJ/378
Sindarin [LotR/1116; LotR/1123; LotR/1130; PE17/018; PE17/121; SA/andúnë; WJ/378] Group: Eldamo. Published by

annûn

noun. west, sunset

Sindarin [Ety/376, S/428, LotR/VI:IV, LotR/E, LB/354, Lett] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dúven

west

(na Núven, o Ndúven). Christopher Tolkien tentatively read the illegible gloss as ”southern” (LR:376 s.v. NDŪ), but the etymology seems to demand the meaning ”west”: dú-ven with the same ending as in Forven ”North” and Harven ”South”. The ending means ”way”, so Dúven may be ”west” considered as a direction.

annûn

west

1) annûn; 2) Dúven (na Núven, o Ndúven). Christopher Tolkien tentatively read the illegible gloss as ”southern” (LR:376 s.v. NDŪ), but the etymology seems to demand the meaning ”west”: dú-ven with the same ending as in Forven ”North” and Harven ”South”. The ending means ”way”, so Dúven may be ”west” considered as a direction. WEST-ELF (Elf of Beleriand, including Noldor and Sindar) Dúnedhel (i Núnedhel), pl. Dúnedhil (i Ndúnedhil). (WJ:378, 386)

annûn

west

dúnedhel

west-elf

(i Núnedhel), pl. *Dúnedhil*** (i Ndúnedhil*). (WJ:378, 386)*

Noldorin 

dûn

noun. west

Noldorin [Ety/376, S/428, LotR/E-F] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dûn

noun. west

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. númen “west” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ndūne “west” ✧ EtyAC/NDŪ
    • ᴹ√NDŪ “go down, sink, set (of Sun)” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶ndūne > dûn[ndūne] > [dūne] > [dūn]✧ EtyAC/NDŪ
Noldorin [Ety/NDŪ; Ety/RŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tûn

place name. Hill City

Noldorin equivalent of ᴹQ. Túna appearing in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s with the gloss “Hill City” (LR/222). It also appeared in The Etymologies derived from the same primitive form as its Quenya equivalent (Ety/TUN).

Conceptual Development: G. Tûn appeared towards the end of notes associated with the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/202), where it was most likely inspired by Old English “tún”, as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT2/292). It also appeared in the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/17, 217). Its development parallels that of its Quenya name; see Q. Tirion for a fuller discussion on the evolution of the name of this city and the hill it stood upon.

Changes

  • TûnTúna ✧ LR/119
  • TûnTúna ✧ LR/173
  • TûnTúna ✧ LR/225
  • TûnTúna ✧ WJI/Túna

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. Túna “Hill City” ✧ Ety/TUN; LR/222

Derivations

  • On. Tūna ✧ Ety/TUN
    • ᴹ✶Tūnā̆ ✧ Ety/TUN
    • ᴹ√TUN “*tall; mound” ✧ Ety/TUN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. Tūna > Tûn[tūna] > [tūn]✧ Ety/TUN
Noldorin [Ety/TUN; LR/119; LR/173; LR/222; LR/225; LRI/Tûn; LT1I/Tûn; MRI/Tûn; SDI2/Túna; SMI/Tûn; TII/Tûn; WJI/Tûn; WJI/Túna] Group: Eldamo. Published by

annûn

noun. west, sunset

Noldorin [Ety/376, S/428, LotR/VI:IV, LotR/E, LB/354, Lett] Group: SINDICT. Published by

annûn

noun. west

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. númen “west” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ṇdūnē “sunset” ✧ Ety/NDŪ
    • ᴹ√NDŪ “go down, sink, set (of Sun)” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶ṇdūnē > annûn[ṇdūnē] > [andūnē] > [andūne] > [andūn] > [annūn]✧ Ety/NDŪ
Noldorin [Ety/NDŪ; Ety/RŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tum

noun. (deep) valley

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. tumbo “deep valley (under or among hills, with high sides)” ✧ Ety/TUB

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tumbu “deep valley under or among hills” ✧ Ety/TUB
    • ᴹ√TUB “to fall low[?], go down (below normal ground level), (esp.) to go down (sink, dive) into water” ✧ Ety/TUB

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tumbu > tum[tumbu] > [tumbo] > [tumbo] > [tumb] > [tumb] > [tumm] > [tum]✧ Ety/TUB
Noldorin [Ety/TUB; RS/419] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

túna

place name. Hill City

Changes

  • TúnaTirion ✧ MR/180
  • TúnaTirion ✧ SD/403

Cognates

  • On. Tūna ✧ Ety/TUN
  • N. Tûn “Hill City” ✧ Ety/TUN; LR/222

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Tūnā̆ ✧ Ety/TUN; PE19/043
    • ᴹ√TUN “*tall; mound” ✧ Ety/TUN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶Tūnā̆ > Tún/Túna[tūnā] > [tūna]✧ Ety/TUN
ᴹ✶Tuknā > Tuʒna > Tūna[tuknā] > [tugnā] > [tuŋnā] > [tūnā] > [tūna]✧ PE19/043

Variations

  • Tún/Túna ✧ Ety/TUN
  • Tūna ✧ PE19/043
Qenya [Ety/TUN; LR/119; LR/173; LR/222; LR/225; LRI/Túna; MR/180; PE19/043; SD/403; TII/Tûn; TMME/182] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númen

noun. west

Changes

  • nū-mennúme-/nú-men ✧ EtyAC/NDŪ

Cognates

  • Ad. adûn “west, westward” ✧ SD/240
  • N. dûn “west” ✧ Ety/NDŪ
  • N. annûn “west” ✧ Ety/NDŪ
  • N. dúven “*sunken, western” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Element in

Variations

  • Númen ✧ Ety/MEN; SMI/Númen
  • núme- ✧ Ety/NDŪ
  • nú-men ✧ Ety/NDŪ
  • nū-men ✧ EtyAC/NDŪ (nū-men)
  • nūmen ✧ PE22/050
  • nūme ✧ SD/240; SD/305
  • nūmē ✧ SD/303
Qenya [Ety/MEN; Ety/NDŪ; EtyAC/NDŪ; LR/047; LR/056; LR/071; LR/072; PE22/023; PE22/050; PE22/126; SD/240; SD/303; SD/305; SD/310; SMI/Númen] Group: Eldamo. Published by

núme

noun. west

Middle Primitive Elvish

ndūne

noun. west

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NDŪ “go down, sink, set (of Sun)” ✧ Ety/NDŪ

Derivatives

  • N. dûn “west” ✧ EtyAC/NDŪ
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/NDŪ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

núme

noun. west

Derivations

  • ᴱ√NUHU “bow, bend down, stoop, sink” ✧ LT1A/Númë; PME/068; QL/068

Element in

  • Eq. Faskala-númen “Bath of the Setting Sun” ✧ LT1A/Faskala-númen
  • Eq. numenda “western” ✧ QL/068
  • Eq. númeta- “to get low (of the Sun), go down in the west” ✧ LT1A/Númë; QL/068
  • Eq. númea “in the west, western” ✧ LT1A/Númë; QL/068
  • Eq. Sirnúmen “Western Stream” ✧ LT1A/Sirnúmen

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√NUHU > nūme[nuxmē] > [nuxme] > [nuɣme] > [nūme]✧ QL/068

Variations

  • Nūme ✧ LT1/085
  • Númë ✧ LT1A/Faskala-númen; LT1A/Númë; LT1A/Sirnúmen
  • númë ✧ LT1A/Númë
  • nūme ✧ PME/068; QL/068
Early Quenya [LT1/085; LT1A/Faskala-númen; LT1A/Númë; LT1A/Sirnúmen; PME/068; QL/068] Group: Eldamo. Published by