Quenya 

tyur

cheese

tyur noun "cheese" (QL:50 cf. GL:28)

ceura

renewed

ceura ("k"), probably adj. "renewed" (VT48:8). Also in the form ceurë (VT48:7), but ceura seems to be the form that would fit Tolkien's general principles best: there are many adjectives in -ra, whereas forms in -rë would normally be taken to be the plural form of such adjectives.

ceura

adjective. renewed

An adjective for “renewed” in rough notes from the 1960s. Where it first appeared, Tolkien had {keura “renewal” >>} keure “renewed” (VT48/7). Although keure is not a typical adjective form, it seems this change was intentional, since the corresponding Telerin form was T. ciure (VT48/7). However, on a later page Tolkien wrote keura again below Q. kēva “fresh, new, renewed” and adjacent to the Sindarin adjective S. cŷr; on this later page the noun form seems to be Q. keule (VT48/8). Thus it seems to be that ceura “✱renewed” was restored. Hat-tip to Luinyelle for this suggestion.

Changes

  • keura → keure “renewal” ✧ VT48/07

Cognates

  • S. cŷr “renewed” ✧ VT48/07; VT48/08
  • T. ceura “renewed” ✧ VT48/07; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ✶(e)kwē̆ “afresh, anew” ✧ VT48/07
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/07
  • ✶keurā “*renewed” ✧ VT48/08
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/08

Element in

  • Q. ceuran “new-moon” ✧ VT48/07
  • Q. ceuranar “new sun after solstice” ✧ VT48/07

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶keu-rā > keura[keurā] > [keura]✧ VT48/08

Variations

  • keura ✧ VT48/07 (keura); VT48/08
  • keure ✧ VT48/07
Quenya [VT48/07; VT48/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ceurë

renewed

ceurë ("k")adj. "renewed" (emended from a noun ceura "renewal") (VT48:7). See ceura and compare ceuranar.

ceurë

adjective. renewed

tyurmë

noun. cheese

Cognates

  • ᴺS. cûr “cheese”

Derivations

  • ᴺ✶. KYUR “curdle”

Sindarin 

cŷr

adjective. renewed

Cognates

  • Q. ceura “renewed” ✧ VT48/07; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ✶(e)kwē̆ “afresh, anew” ✧ VT48/07
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/07
  • ✶keurā “*renewed” ✧ VT48/08
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/08

Element in

  • S. cýron “new-moon” ✧ VT48/07

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶keu-rā > cŷr[keurā] > [keura] > [kiura] > [kȳra] > [kȳr]✧ VT48/08

Variations

  • cýr ✧ VT48/07
Sindarin [VT48/07; VT48/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cŷr

renewed

cŷr (lenited gŷr; no distinct pl. form) (VT48:7-8). Another form, cîr, clashes with the word for ”ship”.s

cŷr

renewed

cŷr (lenited gŷr; no distinct pl. form) (VT48:7-8). Another form, cîr, clashes with the word for ”ship”.

cûr

noun. cheese

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴺ✶. KYUR “curdle”

Telerin 

ceura

adjective. renewed

Cognates

  • Q. ceura “renewed” ✧ VT48/07; VT48/08

Derivations

  • ✶(e)kwē̆ “afresh, anew” ✧ VT48/07
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/07
  • ✶keurā “*renewed” ✧ VT48/08
    • √KEW “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables” ✧ VT48/08

Element in

  • T. ciuran “new-moon” ✧ VT48/07

Variations

  • ciure ✧ VT48/07
Telerin [VT48/07; VT48/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

cír

noun. cheese

caura

adjective. sour (of milk)

Changes

  • cŷr → cîr ✧ PE13/111

Cognates

Derivations

Variations

  • cîr ✧ PE13/111
  • cŷr ✧ PE13/111 (cŷr)
Gnomish [GL/25; GL/28; PE13/111] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cauri

noun. cheese

cîr

adjective. sour (of milk)

cûr

noun. cheese

Cognates

  • Eq. tyur “cheese”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√KYURU “curdle” ✧ GL/28; PE13/111

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√tyuru- > cûr[tʲur] > [kur] > [kūr]✧ GL/28
ᴱ√kyus > cír[kjus] > [kīr]✧ PE13/111

Variations

  • cír ✧ PE13/111
  • cur ✧ PE13/111
Gnomish [GL/28; PE13/111] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

corn

noun. cheese

The word for “cheese” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s was G. cûr, related to G. caura “sour (of milk)” and derived from the early root ᴱ√TYURU “curdle” (GL/26, 28; QL/50). In Gnomish Lexicon Slips added to that document, “cheese” was instead cír from primitive ᴱ√tyus, with an alternate form cur written in pencil above it (PE13/113). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, “cheese” became ᴱN. corn from primitive ᴱ✶kyurna (PE13/140).

Neo-Sindarin: Of these, I prefer ᴺS. cûr for “cheese”, since ᴱN. corn “cheese” collides with later N. corn “round”. I assume ᴺS. cûr is derived from a Neo-Root ᴺ√KYUR “curdle”, perhaps from primitive ✱kyūrŭ.

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶kyurna ✧ PE13/140
    • ᴱ√KYURU “curdle” ✧ PE13/140

Variations

  • corn ✧ PE13/140
Early Noldorin [PE13/140] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

tyur

noun. cheese

The word for “cheese” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s was ᴱQ. tyur (tyurd-) derived from the early root ᴱ√TYURU “curdle” (QL/50). This became ᴱQ. tyurme “cheese” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/141).

Neo-Quenya: I’d use ᴺQ. tyurmë “cheese” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, derived from a Neo-Root ᴺ√KYUR.

Cognates

  • G. cûr “cheese”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√KYURU “curdle” ✧ QL/050

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TYURU > tyur[tʲurd] > [tʲur]✧ QL/050

Variations

  • tyurme ✧ PE16/141
Early Quenya [PE16/141; QL/050] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tyurme

noun. cheese