a- (2) a prefix occurring in the Markirya poem (Tolkien first used na-, then changed it). It may be prefixed to verbal stems following a noun that is the object of sense-verbs like "see" and "hear" when the verb it is prefixed to describes what happens to this noun, as in man cenuva lumbor ahosta[?] (changed from na-hosta), "who shall see the clouds gather?" (hosta = "gather").
Quenya
cen
noun. sight, sight, *sense of sight
Element in
- Q. apacen “foresight, *(lit.) after-sight”
- ᴺQ. hrúcen “envy, (lit.) evil-sight”
- ᴺQ. cellóra “blind, sightless”
- ᴺQ. cenenca “blind, sightless”
- ᴺQ. palancen “television, (lit.) far-sight”
- Q. Palacendo “*Far sighted one”
- ᴺQ. sennacénëa “short-sighted”
- ᴺQ. sintacénëa “short-sighted”
- Q. tercen “insight, *(lit.) through-sight” ✧ MR/230
Elements
Word Gloss cen- “to see, behold, look, to see, behold, look, *perceive”
cen-
see, behold
cenya
verb. see, perceive
a-
see
véla
verb. see
véla (2) vb. "see" (Arct); present/continuative tense of a verbal stem #vel-? The context of the sentence where it occurs ("till I see you next") suggests that this is "see" in the sense of "meet".
>> yomenië
can-
cardinal. four
can- (1) (prefix)("k") "four" (KÁNAT)
canta
cardinal. four
canta (1) ("k") cardinal "four" (KÁNAT, VT42:24, VT48:6). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, this word was cited with a final hyphen (as if it were a verb), but the hyphen does not actually appear in Tolkien's manuscript (VT45:19). Ordinal cantëa ("k") "fourth" (VT42:25) Compare cantil.
canta
cardinal. four
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
- Q. ca(na)sta “one fourth, one fourth, *quarter”
- ᴺQ. canquain “forty”
- ᴺQ. canaquain “forty”
- ᴺQ. canaquëan “forty”
- ᴺQ. cantallumë “four times”
- ᴺQ. cantalya “four-legged, quadruped, (lit.) four-footed”
- Q. cantëa “fourth”
- ᴺQ. cantil “quadrangle, *quadrilateral, rectangle, square”
- Q. lepecan “fourth finger”
- Q. cantil “fourth finger”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶kanatā > kanta [kanatā] > [kantā] > [kanta] ✧ VT42/24 Variations
- can-ta ✧ PE17/095
- kanta ✧ VT42/24; VT48/06
tunta-
see, notice, perceive
tunta- "see, notice, perceive", pa.t. túne (QL:95)
cénë
noun. sight
Elements
Word Gloss cen- “to see, behold, look, to see, behold, look, *perceive”
cen- ("k")vb. "see, behold", future tense cenuva ("kenuva") "shall see" in Markirya. Imperative cena ("k"), VT47:31.Also #cen = noun "sight" as the final element of some nouns (*apacen, tercen, q.v.) Compare the root KHEN-, KEN-, KYEN- "look at, see, observe, direct gaze" (VT45:21)