-th

suffix. abstract noun

@@@ mostly seems to use base vowel between suffix and root

Derivations

• ✶-(s)tā

Element in

• ᴺS. aedaith “reverence, worship, religion”
• S. cirith “cleft, ravine, defile, cleft, ravine, defile, [N.] pass”
• ᴺS. dilith “friendship”
• S. eneth “*name” ✧ VT44/24
• S. faroth “*hunting”
• S. firith “fading; [late] autumn” ✧ LotR/1107
• S. girith “shuddering, shuddering; [N.] horror”
• S. gweneth “maidenhood, maidenhood, [N.] virginity”
• S. Gwirith “April, *Freshness”
• S. henneth “window”
• S. Ivanneth “September, *Yavanna-ness”
• S. lalaith “laughter”
• S. mereth “feast, feast, [N.] festival”
• S. mirith “jewelry”
• S. Neldoreth
• S. peleth “waning, waning, *fading”
• S. sirith “flowing”
• S. tirith “watching, guarding, watch, ward, guard”

-ad

suffix. gerund

-as

suffix. abstract noun

Cognates

• Q. -ssë “abstract noun”

Derivations

• ✶-ssē/-ssā

Element in

• S. cannas “[abstract] shape”
• S. certhas “runes-rows, runic alphabet” ✧ LotR/1123
• ᴺS. cirias “fleet (of ships)”
• ᴺS. dagras “slaughter”
• S. fennas “great door, doorway, gateway”
• S. galenas “pipeweed, nicotiana, *tobacco”
• S. iavas “autumn, autumn, *harvest (time)”
• S. ínias “annals”
• S. innas “*will”
• S. Lammas “Account of Tongues”
• ᴺS. linnas “music”
• S. lonnas “harbourage”
• ᴺS. maeras “goodness”
• S. rammas “great wall”
• ᴺS. saelas “wisdom”
• S. sennas “guesthouse” ✧ RC/523

-ed

suffix. gerund

Cognates

• Q. -ita “particular infinitive”

Derivations

• ✶-ita “general infinitive”

Element in

• S. aderthad “reuniting” ✧ S/113
• S. cabed “leap” ✧ S/224
• S. cared “action”
• S. cened “looking, looking, *seeing”
• ᴺS. eriad “rising”
• S. genediad “reckoning”
• S. lammad “*echoing”
• S. methed “end”
• S. orthad “*raising”
• S. suilad “greeting”
• N. uluithiad “unquenchable”

Variations

• -ad ✧ S/113 (-ad)
• -ed ✧ S/224 (-ed)

-il

suffix. feminine suffix

A fairly common feminine suffix appearing as -il in Sindarin, either formed on its own or as a variant of the feminine suffix -iel. This suffix was also common Noldorin words in The Etymologies of the 1930s, along with an alternate form -ril that seems to be a feminine agental suffix, the equivalent of masculine -(r)on, seen in pairs like N. melethril/melethron “lover” and N. odhril/odhron “parent” (Ety/MEL, ONO). The -il suffix and its -ril variant are seen all the way back in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s in pairs like G. gwadhril/gwadhron “inhabitant” (GL/47) and G. ainil/ainos “god”, female and male respectively (GL/18). So it seems this feminine suffix was well established in Tolkien’s mind.

Element in

• S. brethil “princess, (lit.) queen-daughter”
• S. híril “lady, lady; [G.] princess, †queen” ✧ SA/heru
• ᴺS. regil “mare”
• S. Thuringwethil “Woman of Secret Shadow”